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    When is it required?

    Sinusitis is a condition where the mucous membranes that line the sinus cavities start to swell. A sinusitis patient is prone to continue experiencing symptoms that do not clear up even after treatment and medication. These symptoms can build on and develop over the years if left untreated.

    In such a case, patients must visit a doctor for a check-up. Delay in treatment may only make the condition worse and takes a toll on your overall physical condition.

     

    What are the symptoms which can necessitate FESS?

    Following are some of the common symptoms which can signal that the patient might need to undergo a FESS procedure -

    • When treatments don’t work on ailments and symptoms related to sinuses
    • Nasal inflammation
    • Thick discharge from the nose
    • Postnatal drainage
    • Congested nose, causing irregular, laboured breathing
    • Deteriorating sense of smell and taste

    Other, less common symptoms include -

    • Ear pain
    • Headaches
    • Pain in upper jaw and teeth
    • Cough
    • Sore throat
    • Bad breath
    • Fatigue

    While chronic sinusitis and acute sinusitis have the same symptoms, acute sinusitis is a temporary infection that comparatively, lasts for a shorter period.

     

    Preparing for the surgery.

    The doctors may prescribe the patient, depending on the condition, to take prescribed medication weeks or days before the surgery. It helps improve the sinus condition before the surgery. The prescribed medication may include some antibiotics or oral steroids.

     Medications to avoid before surgery are as follows.

    • Aspirin
    • Vitamin E tablets
    • Blood thinners
    • Ibuprofen and such anti inflammatory medications

    A smoker should quit smoking weeks before and after the surgery for better surgery results. If the patient finds it difficult to quit smoking, healthcare providers can help.

    During the Procedure

    Endoscopic sinus surgery is generally done under general anaesthesisa, but local sedation amd anaesthetic can be used for minor procedures. Usually, the surgery takes between one and two hours.

    The surgery is performed through the nose and does not cause any facial scars or change to the outside shape of the nose. The surgeon uses endoscope (a small tube with special lens) to examine each of the nasal passages. The surgeons also makes use of special instruments to remove any polyps and to broaden the passages from the sinuses into the nose to allow for normal draining and ventilation.

    After the procedure

    The patient will get dressing on each side of the nose to prevent bleeding. The dressing may be a little uncomfortable and patient may have to breath through the mouth. The dressing will be removed before discharge.  

    The nose may feel blocked for some weeks after the procedure. Patient may experience some blood coloured discharge. The surgeon may prescribe a nasal spray or drops for you to use and the patient may be given a course of antibiotics to decrease the risk of infection.

    The patient should ensure to continue the post-surgery care. Here are some points to remember -

    • Follow up visits are crucial
    • Diligently follow the healthcare provider’s prescriptions
    • Avoid blowing nose for a week or two after procedure
    • The patient may require nasal saline solutions
    • Refrain from exercising for the recommended period

     

    Risks of the procedure

    Even if the chances of some side effects and risks occurring are low, a patient needs to consider the same. Some of these potential risks are -  

    Most people recover well and return to normal activities after endoscopic sinus surgery. As with any procedure there can be complications:

    • Pain
    • Bleeding
    • Blood clots

    Specific complications of endoscopic sinus surgery:

    • Damage to the eye
    • Infection of the sinuses
    • Leaking of fluid from the brain

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