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Tourette Syndrome is a neurological disorder characterised by involuntary movements and sounds, known as tics. The exact cause of this condition remains unknown, but it is widely believed to have a genetic component with environmental influences. The ailment has been linked to damage or abnormalities in the basal ganglia of the brain, a region responsible for controlling involuntary movements, emotion, and learning.
In Bangalore, the number of residents seeking consultation from doctors for Tourette Syndrome has been noticeable. Apollo Hospitals, Bangalore offers a comprehensive care approach, our team includes specialists for involuntary movements and specialists for medication for Tourette Syndrome, ensuring comprehensive care for patients.
Types/Stages of Tourette Syndrome
Tourette Syndrome can be broadly classified into two types based on the nature of the tics:
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Simple Tics: These are sudden, brief and repetitive tics involving a limited number of muscle groups. Examples include eye blinking, facial grimacing, shoulder shrugging, and throat clearing.
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Complex Tics: These are distinct, coordinated patterns of movements involving several muscle groups. Examples include hopping, bending, twisting, and repeating one's own words or phrases (echolalia).
Symptoms of Tourette Syndrome
Typically, individuals with Tourette Syndrome exhibit a range of symptoms which include:
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Motor tics, involving sudden, repetitive movements like blinking or facial twitching.
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Vocal tics are sounds or words made repetitively, such as grunting or sniffing.
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A premonitory urge is an uncomfortable feeling or sensation before a tic.
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Coprolalia occurs in a small percentage of patients. Coprolalia is the involuntary utterance of obscene words or socially inappropriate remarks.
Tests to Diagnose Tourette Syndrome
Doctors for Tourette Syndrome primarily evaluate the patient's symptoms and medical history. The tests include:
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Physical Examination: This helps rule out other conditions that could cause similar symptoms.
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Neurological Examination: Tests to evaluate the brain and nervous system function.
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Blood Tests: These help eliminate the possibility of other medical conditions.
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Observation: Doctors may observe the frequency and type of tics over time.
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Psychological Evaluation: This is done to check if there are any associated conditions such as ADHD or OCD.
Treatment or Surgery Options for Tourette Syndrome at Apollo Hospitals in Bangalore
At Apollo Hospitals, Bangalore, specialists for Tourette Syndrome treatment focus on managing the symptoms through options including:
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Medications: Neuroleptics that block dopamine receptors are used to control tics. Additionally, medications for related conditions like ADHD or OCD may also be prescribed by doctors for Tourette Syndrome.
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Behavioural Therapy: Comprehensive Behavioural Intervention for Tics (CBIT) helps patients manage their tics through self-regulation practices.
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Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS): For severe cases, this surgical procedure involving the implantation of electrodes in the brain can be beneficial in relieving tic symptoms.
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Other Non-pharmacological options: Biofeedback, acupuncture, and engaging in activities like sports or reading are also suggested to help manage tics.
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