Best Lung Cancer Doctors in Hyderabad
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Lung cancer, originating in the lungs and capable of metastasizing to other organs, is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. It primarily presents as Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), encompassing adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and large cell undifferentiated carcinoma, representing about 85% of cases. The remaining 15% consists of Small cell lung cancer (SCLC), typically initiating in the central part of the lungs and known for its rapid proliferation compared to NSCLC.
In Hyderabad, the prevalence of lung cancer has been rising steadily over recent years. This increase is primarily due to high levels of air pollution, increased rates of smoking, and a high prevalence of other risk factors such as exposure to secondhand smoke, previous radiation therapy, radon gas, carcinogenic substances, and a family history of lung cancer. The best doctors specialising in lung cancer treatment in Hyderabad are associated with Apollo Hospitals, renowned for their expertise and high success rates in managing this menacing disease.
Types/Stages of Lung Cancer
Lung Cancer is classified into different stages based on its progression:
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Stage I: Cancer is confined to the lung and has not spread to lymph nodes or other parts of the body.
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Stage II: Cancer has spread to nearby lymph nodes but has not spread to distant organs.
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Stage III: Cancer has spread to lymph nodes in the mediastinum (the area in the chest between the lungs) but has not spread to distant organs.
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Stage IV: Cancer metastasises to other parts of the body, including the lung lining, chest, and distant organs like the brain, bones, or liver.
Symptoms of Lung Cancer
The symptoms of lung cancer are often subtle and surface only when the disease has advanced significantly:
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A persistent cough that doesn't go away
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Chest pain that intensifies with deep breathing, coughing, or laughing
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Hoarseness or change in voice
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Unexplained weight loss and loss of appetite
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Shortness of breath or wheezing
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Coughing up blood
Tests to Diagnose Lung Cancer
Several tests are used by the best specialists who treat lung cancer to diagnose lung cancer at Apollo Hospitals:
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Imaging tests: X-rays and CT scans use electromagnetic radiation to create detailed chest and lung images, effectively detecting abnormal masses or nodules signalling lung cancer.
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Sputum cytology: This diagnostic technique involves examining sputum, which is mucus coughed up from the lungs, under a microscope to detect any abnormal cells.
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Bronchoscopy: A thin, flexible tube is passed through the throat and into the airways to visually examine the lungs and collect tissue samples for biopsy.
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Needle Biopsy: A needle is used to extract a sample of suspicious tissue from the lungs for laboratory analysis.
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Blood Tests: Blood samples may be analysed for certain biomarkers associated with lung cancer, such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) or circulating tumour cells (CTCs).
Treatment or Surgery Options for Lung Cancer at Apollo Hospitals in Hyderabad:
Apollo Hospitals in Hyderabad offer a comprehensive range of treatment options, led by expert doctors in lung cancer treatment:
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Surgery: This involves surgical removal of the tumorous part, with options like lobectomy, segmentectomy, wedge resection, or pneumonectomy.
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Radiation therapy: Uses high-energy beams to target and destroy cancer cells.
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Chemotherapy: Involves the administration of potent drugs throughout the body that kill cancerous cells.
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Targeted Therapy: Employs drugs targeting specific molecular pathways or genetic mutations in cancer growth to minimise harm to healthy cells.
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Immunotherapy: Enhances the immune system's ability to recognize and attack cancer cells, particularly effective in advanced or metastatic lung cancer.
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