Best Emphysema Doctors in Chennai

Emphysema is a chronic lung disease marked by consistent and progressive damage to the alveoli, the tiny air sacs within our lungs responsible for oxygen-carbon dioxide exchange. This results in a gradual decline in lung function, leading to breathing difficulties. The prime culprit behind emphysema is cigarette smoking, accounting for a staggering 80-90% of cases. Other risk factors are exposure to second-hand smoke, air pollution, occupational dust and chemicals also contribute.

The dense population and increasing pollution levels in current conditions can be the reason why conditions such as emphysema are on the rise. Apollo Hospitals in Chennai hosts some of the best emphysema doctors who are well-equipped to diagnose and manage this condition.

Types/Stages of Emphysema

There are two primary types of Emphysema:

• Centriacinar (Centrilobular) Emphysema: Predominantly associated with cigarette smoking, this is the most common type of emphysema. It primarily affects the upper lobes of the lungs.

• Panacinar (Panlobular) Emphysema: Although less common, this form can be linked to a genetic disorder known as alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency. It impacts the entire lobule of the lung.

• Paraseptal emphysema: In paraseptal emphysema, the walls between the alveoli are destroyed, which makes it difficult for the lungs to get rid of old air and take in new air.

• Paracicatricial emphysema: In paracicatricial emphysema, the alveoli are destroyed, which makes it difficult for the lungs to get rid of old air and take in new air.

Symptoms of Emphysema

Individuals suffering from emphysema typically exhibit the following symptoms:

• Shortness of breath, particularly during physical activity

• A chronic cough

• Wheezing

• Chest tightness

• Frequent respiratory infections

Tests to Diagnose Emphysema

To diagnose Emphysema, Apollo Hospitals in Chennai employ a selection of tests including:

• Pulmonary Function Test: To measure the ability of the lungs to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide effectively

• Chest X-ray: To visualise the lung structure

• Computerised Tomography (CT) Scan: For a more detailed view of the lungs

• Arterial Blood Gas Test: To measure oxygen level in blood

• Genetic Testing: Particularly relevant for Panacinar Emphysema, where an alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency is suspected

Treatment or Surgery Options for Emphysema at Apollo Hospitals, Chennai

Early detection and prompt treatment can significantly improve the quality of life for individuals battling emphysema. At Apollo Hospitals in Chennai, doctors for emphysema treatment provide a comprehensive approach towards managing this condition:

• Bronchodilators: Medications to relax and open up the airways.

• Corticosteroids: Anti-inflammatory medications to reduce swelling within the airways.

• Oxygen therapy: Supplemental oxygen is delivered via tubes or masks to assist with breathing.

• Lung Volume Reduction Surgery: Surgical removal of damaged lung tissue to improve breathing.

• Lung Transplantation: Considered as a last resort for severe, end-stage emphysema.