Cov lus teb ncaj qha
Kev kuaj mob endoscopy yog ib txoj kev kho mob uas ib lub raj nyias nyias, yoog tau uas nqa lub koob yees duab thiab lub teeb raug xa mus rau hauv lub cev, feem ntau yog los ntawm lub qhov ncauj lossis lub qhov quav, yog li tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem pom cov ntaub ntawm cov kabmob khoob ncaj qha. Kev kuaj mob endoscopy kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv cov biopsies thiab kho cov ntshav lossis polyps. Kev kuaj mob endoscopy tsuas yog saib cov nto xwb, tsis yog qhov tob ntawm cov kabmob lossis cov qauv sab nraum lub lumen.
Tus yuam sij takeaways
- Endoscopy yog kev kuaj qhov muag ncaj qha: nws qhia txog sab hauv ntawm lub cev, tsis yog dab tsi nyob hauv qab lossis tom qab nws.
- Endoscopy yog ob qho tib si kuaj mob thiab kho mobkev kuaj nqaij, tshem tawm cov polyp, tswj kev los ntshav thiab tso stent yog ua tau tib lub sijhawm.
- "Endoscopy" yog ib tsev neeg ntawm cov txheej txheem, tsis yog ib qho kev kuaj; gastroscopy, colonoscopy, bronchoscopy, cystoscopy thiab ERCP muaj cov kev npaj sib txawv thiab cov qauv kev pheej hmoo sib txawv.
- Kev kuaj mob endoscopy ib txwm tsis suav txhua yam kab mob: kab mob pancreatic, plab hnyuv me, thiab phab ntsa tob yuav tsis pom thiab tej zaum yuav xav tau CT, MRI lossis kev kuaj mob capsule.
- Kev npaj yog teeb tsa los ntawm chav ua yeeb yamlub sijhawm yoo mov, kev npaj plab thiab kev hloov kho tshuaj sib txawv ntawm cov tsev kho mob thiab ntawm cov txheej txheem.
Ib nrais muag
| feature | Nthuav dav |
|---|---|
| Qhov nws tshawb nrhiav | Daim ntaub ntawm cov kabmob khoob (cov kav dej zaub mov, lub plab, duodenum, txoj hnyuv loj, txoj hlab pa, lub zais zis) lossis, qee hom, cov qhov hauv lub cev thiab cov pob qij txha |
| Yuav ua li cas nws ua tiav | Lub qhov phais uas yoog tau los yog khov kho los ntawm qhov qhib ntuj, los yog los ntawm cov qhov me me rau laparoscopy thiab arthroscopy |
| Kev Tsis Txaus Siab | Tshuaj tsuag rau caj pas, tshuaj tsaug zog kom tsis txhob nco qab lossis tshuaj loog dav dav, nyob ntawm tus txheej txheem thiab tus neeg mob |
| Lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ib txwm muaj | Kev kuaj mob gastroscopy feem ntau siv sijhawm li 5-15 feeb; kev kuaj mob colonoscopy feem ntau siv sijhawm li 20-45 feeb; ERCP thiab cov txheej txheem kho mob ntev dua |
| Lub sijhawm tag nrho ntawm tsev kho mob | Feem ntau yog 2-4 teev suav nrog kev kuaj xyuas, kev siv tshuaj loog thiab kev rov zoo; txawv ntawm ib chav tsev |
| Nkag | Feem ntau yog chaw zov menyuam thaum nruab hnub; qee zaum xav tau chaw pw ib hmos tom qab ua cov txheej txheem kho mob nyuaj |
| tau | Feem ntau cov kev tshawb pom pom tau piav qhia tib hnub; cov ntawv qhia txog kev kuaj mob (histopathology) siv sijhawm ntev dua thiab muab faib ua ob pawg. |
| txhais lus | Cov ntaub ntawv uas tau pom yuav tsum tau nyeem ua ke nrog koj cov tsos mob, kev kuaj mob thiab lwm yam kev kuaj mob los ntawm tus kws kho mob uas tau thov kom ua qhov kev kuaj mob. |
Kuj hu ua
- Kev kuaj mob endoscopy, scopy: kev siv ntau hauv cov tsev kho mob hauv Is Nrias teb
- Kev kuaj mob plab hnyuv sab saud / OGD / EGD / gastroscopykev kuaj xyuas txoj kev noj mov hauv lub qhov ncauj, lub plab thiab duodenum
- Colonoscopy, qee zaum hu ua kev kuaj mob GI qis dua
- Dooerbeen / kev sim lub koob yees duab, pet ki camera jaanch: cov lus piav qhia tsis raws cai uas cov neeg mob feem ntau siv
- Sigmoidoscopy: kev kuaj xyuas tsawg ntawm sab laug plab hnyuv thiab qhov quav
Dab tsi yog endoscopy
Lub endoscope yog ib lub raj uas muaj lub teeb ci, lub koob yees duab chip lossis lub fiber-optic bundle, cov channel rau cua, dej thiab kev nqus, thiab ib txoj kev ua haujlwm uas cov cuab yeej siv tau hla. Lub koob yees duab xa cov duab tiag tiag mus rau lub vijtsam, yog li tus kws kho mob pom qhov mucosal nto loj dua thiab ci ntsa iab.
Vim tias cov cuab yeej siv tau hla mus rau hauv txoj hlab pas, kev siv lub tshuab endoscopy feem ntau yog kev kho mob thiab kev kuaj mob. Hauv tib lub sijhawm ntawd, tus kws kho mob yuav siv txoj kev nias cov nqaij me me, tshem tawm cov polyp, txiav cov qhov txhab uas los ntshav, khi cov hlab ntsha varices ntawm txoj hlab pas, nthuav qhov nqaim, muab lub stent lossis rub cov khoom uas nqos tau.
Kev kuaj mob hauv plab (endoscopy) tsis yog ib qho kev kuaj mob xwb. Qhov ntau thiab tsawg, txoj kev kuaj, kev npaj, kev siv tshuaj loog thiab kev pheej hmoo txhua yam hloov pauv raws li lub cev uas raug kawm. Kev kuaj gastroscopy thiab ERCP yog ua nrog cov khoom siv zoo sib xws tab sis txawv heev ntawm qhov nyuaj thiab qhov ua rau muaj teeb meem.
Vim li cas thiaj ua endoscopy
- Cov tsos mob ntawm GI sab saud: mob siab tas li lossis zom zaub mov tsis zoo, nyuaj lossis mob thaum nqos, ntuav tas li, xav tias muaj kab mob ulcer, ntshav tsis txaus vim tsis muaj hlau.
- Kev ntshav GI: ntuav ntshav, quav dub uas muaj kua nplaum, lossis los ntshav ntawm qhov quav, ob qho tib si kom nrhiav tau qhov chaw thiab kho nws.
- Cov tsos mob ntawm GI qis dua: kev hloov pauv ntawm tus cwj pwm tso quav, raws plab ntev, ntshav hauv cov quav, xav tias muaj kab mob o ntawm cov hnyuv, kev kuaj mob tsis zoo ntawm cov hnyuv.
- Kev kuaj mob qog noj ntshav thiab kev saib xyuas: kev ntsuam xyuas cov qhov txhab uas muaj kev txawv txav, kev tshem tawm cov polyp hauv plab hnyuv loj, kev saib xyuas Barrett's esophagus, kab mob celiac lossis cov polyps yav dhau los.
- Kab mob ntawm cov biliary thiab pancreatic: ERCP rau cov pob zeb hauv cov kav dej kua tsib, cov kav dej txhaws thiab mob daj ntseg uas xav tau kev tso kua dej tawm.
- Teeb meem ntawm txoj hlab pa thiab zis: kuaj lub ntsws (bronchoscopy) rau qhov hnoos tsis tu ncua nrog kev thaij duab hauv siab tsis zoo lossis hnoos ntshav; kuaj lub cystoscopy rau cov ntshav pom hauv cov zis lossis cov tsos mob ntawm lub zais zis.
Leej twg yuav tsum xav txog kev kuaj mob endoscopy
Kev kuaj mob endoscopy yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm tus kws kho mob tom qab kev ntsuam xyuas hauv tsev kho mob, nws tsis yog kev kuaj mob rau txhua tus neeg uas mob plab. Kev xa mus rau lwm tus feem ntau yog xav txog rau:
- Cov neeg laus uas muaj teeb meem nqos, khoom noj lo, lossis nqos mob txhua lub hnub nyoog.
- Cov neeg laus uas poob phaus yam tsis tau xav tseg, ntuav tas li, lossis muaj pob hauv plab nrog rau dyspepsia.
- Cov neeg laus uas muaj mob ntshav tsis txaus vim tsis muaj hlau thiab tsis muaj laj thawj pom tseeb.
- Cov neeg laus uas muaj mob dyspepsia uas tseem muaj txawm tias tau sim kho mob txaus lawm los xij, lossis pib thaum lawv laus zuj zus.
- Txhua tus neeg uas pom tseeb lossis xav tias muaj ntshav hauv plab.
- Cov neeg uas muaj kev los ntshav hauv qhov quav, kev hloov pauv ntawm kev quav tas li, lossis tsev neeg muaj keeb kwm mob qog noj ntshav hauv txoj hnyuv lossis qhov quav, yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas txoj hnyuv loj dua li kev kuaj gastroscopy.
- Cov neeg uas paub tias muaj tus kab mob celiac, Barrett's esophagus, cirrhosis nrog varices, lossis polyps yav dhau los, nyob rau lub sijhawm saib xyuas uas lawv tus kws kho mob plab tau teeb tsa.
Seb qhov kev kuaj mob endoscopy puas yog qhov yog tom ntej, thiab qhov kev kuaj mob endoscopy twg, nyob ntawm qhov teeb meem tshwj xeeb. Cov txiaj ntsig sib txawv nyob ntawm tus neeg mob tus mob.
Yam endoscopy twg tsis tuaj yeem ntes tau lossis tsis suav nrog
Kev kuaj mob hauv qhov ncauj yog kev kuaj xyuas saum npoo. Nws cov qhov muag tsis pom kev tseem ceeb:
- Nws tsis pom los ntawm phab ntsa. Qhov tob ntawm qhov mob qog, cov qog ntshav hauv cov qog ntshav thiab kev kis mus rau sab nraud ntawm lub cev tsis raug ntsuas los ntawm kev siv endoscopy; qhov ntawd xav tau kev siv endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), CT lossis MRI.
- Gastroscopy tsis kuaj xyuas lub pancreas, gallbladder, siab parenchyma lossis aorta. Ib qho gastroscopy ib txwm tsis suav nrog kab mob gallstone, pancreatitis lossis mob qog nqaij hlav pancreatic.
- Feem ntau ntawm txoj hnyuv me me tsis ncav cuag. Kev kuaj gastroscopy ib txwm mus txog rau hauv duodenum; kev kuaj colonoscopy mus txog rau qhov kawg ntawm ileum. Kab mob nyob nruab nrab ntawm qhov mob no yuav xav tau capsule endoscopy, enteroscopy lossis MR enterography.
- Kev kuaj mob plab hnyuv tsis zoo tag nrho. Cov qhov txhab tiaj tus, cov polyps me me thiab cov qhov txhab tom qab cov quav yuav tsis pom, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias kev npaj plab hnyuv tsis zoo lossis tsis ncav cuag caecum.
- Gastroscopy tsis kuaj pom mob plawv hauv siab. Mob hauv siab uas tej zaum yog mob plawv xav tau kev soj ntsuam lub plawv, tsis yog kev ua kom ntseeg siab los ntawm kev kuaj mob ib txwm muaj.
- Kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo tsis qhia dab tsi. Kab mob plab zom mov tsis zoo, ua rau lub plab zom mov tsis zoo thiab ntau yam teeb meem txav mus los ua rau daim ntaub zoo li qub. Daim ntawv qhia ib txwm tsis tau txhais hais tias cov tsos mob tsuas yog xav xwb.
- Kev kuaj biopsy yog xaiv. Kev kuaj mob tsis pom tias muaj qhov txawv txav txhais tau hais tias cov nqaij uas tau coj mus kuaj tsis pom muaj qhov txawv txav; nws tsis qhia tias tag nrho lub cev yog ib txwm muaj.
Ib qho kev tshawb pom uas "tsis tau txheeb xyuas" ntawm qhov endoscopy tsis tau raug tshem tawm. Yog tias cov tsos mob tseem txuas ntxiv lossis hnyav zuj zus txawm tias muaj daim ntawv qhia ib txwm muaj, rov qab mus rau koj tus kws kho mob dua li xav tias tsis muaj dab tsi tsis ncaj ncees lawm.
Kev ntsuam xyuas sib txuas tab sis sib txawv
| Tus txheej txheem | Lo lus nug nws teb | Qhov txawv tseem ceeb |
|---|---|---|
| Gastroscopy (Upper GI endoscopy) | Puas muaj qhov txhab, o, cov leeg ntshav tawm hauv cov hnyuv, cov hlab ntsha me me, lossis cov hlab ntsha loj hlob hauv cov kav dej zaub mov, lub plab lossis duodenum? | Tsuas yog mus txog rau hauv duodenum xwb; tsis ntsuas txoj hnyuv loj, lub qog pancreas lossis txoj hnyuv me dhau ntawm qhov ntawd |
| Colonoscopy | Puas muaj polyp, mob qog noj ntshav, o, lossis los ntshav hauv txoj hnyuv loj thiab qhov quav? | Yuav tsum tau npaj plab tag nrho; feem ntau xav tau tshuaj loog |
| Sigmoidoscopy yooj yim | Puas muaj kab mob nyob rau hauv lub qhov quav thiab sab laug plab hnyuv? | Kev ncav cuag tsawg; kev npaj yooj yim dua; tsis ntsuas qhov hnyuv loj sab xis |
| Capsule endoscopy | Puas muaj ntshav los yog o hauv txoj hnyuv me? | Nqos lub koob yees duab; tsis tuaj yeem thaij cov biopsies lossis kho; tsis haum yog tias xav tias muaj qhov nqaim |
| Endoscopic ultrasound (UUS) | Qhov mob tob npaum li cas, thiab muaj dab tsi nyob hauv phab ntsa, lub qog pancreas lossis cov qog nyob ze? | Ua ke endoscopy nrog ultrasound; tso cai rau kev kuaj mob me me |
| ERCP | Puas tuaj yeem tshem tawm lossis kho cov kav dej ntawm cov kua tsib lossis cov hlab ntsha pancreatic uas raug thaiv? | Feem ntau yog kho mob; qhov teeb meem siab tshaj plaws hauv tsev neeg GI endoscopy, suav nrog pancreatitis tom qab ERCP |
| MRCP | Cov kua tsib thiab cov pancreatic ducts zoo li cas? | Kev luam theej duab MRI uas tsis yog kev phais; tsuas yog siv duab xwb, tsis muaj kev kho mob |
| Bronchoscopy | Muaj dab tsi nyob hauv txoj hlab pa, kev kis kab mob, qog nqaij hlav, los ntshav, lossis lwm yam khoom txawv teb chaws? | Kev ua pa; pab pawg sib txawv, kev pheej hmoo sib txawv suav nrog hypoxia |
| Cystoscopy | Puas muaj qhov ua rau muaj ntshav hauv zis los yog zis los ntawm lub zais zis? | Kev kho mob urological; tej zaum yuav nruj lossis yoog tau |
| Laparoscopy | Sab nraud ntawm cov kabmob plab thiab peritoneum zoo li cas? | Kev phais mob los ntawm kev txiav daim tawv nqaij hauv qab tshuaj loog dav dav, tsis yog kev siv lub tshuab endoscopy uas muaj qhov qhib ntuj |
| Arthroscopy | Yuav ua li cas yog tias cov pob txha mos, cov leeg thiab cov pob qij txha raug cuam tshuam? | Kev phais mob pob txha |
| CT plab | Puas muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov kabmob khov kho, phab ntsa tuab lossis nthuav tawm sab nraud ntawm txoj hnyuv? | Kev thaij duab hla ntu; tsis tuaj yeem kuaj cov mucosa lossis kho cov ntshav |
Tsis muaj ib txoj kev kho mob twg zoo tshaj plaws. Cov kev kuaj no teb cov lus nug sib txawv, thiab qhov kev kuaj thawj zaug yog nyob ntawm qhov teeb meem uas tab tom tshwm sim, los ntshav, mob daj ntseg, hnoos thiab ua tsis taus pa txhua yam ua rau muaj qhov pib sib txawv.
Yuav npaj li cas
Kev npaj ua haujlwm yog ua haujlwm thiab sib txawv ntawm cov tsev kho mob, ntawm cov kws kho mob endoscopists thiab ntawm cov txheej txheem. Daim ntawv qhia sau los ntawm chav ua haujlwm ua koj cov txheej txheem yuav tsum muaj qhov tseem ceeb dua li cov lus qhia dav dav, suav nrog nplooj ntawv no. Cov qauv dav dav:
- Kev yoo mov: Feem ntau cov khoom noj khov yuav tsum tsis txhob noj ob peb teev ua ntej muab tshuaj loog, thiab cov kua ntshiab yuav tsum tsis txhob noj ze rau thaum ua tiav txoj kev kho mob. Lub sijhawm tseeb yog teem los ntawm chav kho mob thiab tus kws kho mob loog.
- Kev npaj plab hnyuv: yuav tsum tau siv rau kev kuaj plab hnyuv thiab sigmoidoscopy. Qhov no suav nrog kev muab tshuaj laxative, qee zaum faib ua ob koob tshuaj, ntxiv rau kev txwv kev noj zaub mov rau ib hnub lossis ntau dua ua ntej.
- Cov tshuaj kho mob: qhia rau pab neeg txog txhua yam tshuaj thiab cov tshuaj ntxiv, tshwj xeeb yog cov tshuaj ua kom cov ntshav nyias, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov ntshav txhaws, cov tshuaj insulin thiab lwm yam tshuaj ntshav qab zib, cov tshuaj ntsiav hlau thiab cov tshuaj uas tiv thaiv cov kua qaub. Tsis txhob pib, tsum lossis hloov cov tshuaj uas tau sau tseg rau koj tus kheej, nug tus kws sau ntawv lossis pab neeg endoscopy.
- Kev pab thiab kev thauj mus los: Yog tias npaj yuav muab tshuaj loog, ib tug neeg laus uas muaj lub luag haujlwm yuav tsum nrog koj mus tsev. Tsis txhob tsav tsheb, caij tsheb kauj vab lossis siv tshuab rau hnub ntawd.
- Kev pom zoo thiab keeb kwm: tshaj tawm kab mob plawv lossis ntsws, pw tsaug zog apnea, teeb meem tshuaj loog yav dhau los, kev ua xua, cev xeeb tub, cov hlab plawv cuav, cov khoom siv cog rau hauv thiab kev phais plab yav dhau los.
Yog koj muaj mob ntshav qab zib uas tab tom kho mob kom txo cov piam thaj (glycolysis)
Kev yoo mov thiab kev npaj plab hnyuv tuaj yeem ua rau cov ntshav qab zib qis. Cov koob tshuaj insulin thiab sulfonylurea feem ntau yuav tsum tau hloov kho raws li kev npaj tseg, thiab cov tshuaj SGLT2 inhibitors yuav tsum tau ncua ib ntus ua ntej yoo mov ntev. Qhov no yuav tsum tau npaj ua ntej nrog koj tus kws kho mob, tsis txhob hloov kho koj tus kheej.
Yog koj muaj mob plawv tsis ua haujlwm lossis mob raum ntev heev
Kev npaj cov hnyuv loj tuaj yeem ua rau cov kua thiab cov electrolyte hloov pauv. Qhia rau chav haujlwm txog kev ua tsis taus pa, kev ntxuav dialysis, CKD theem siab, cirrhosis nrog ascites lossis kev txwv cov kua dej kom xaiv tau txoj kev npaj thiab kev saib xyuas zoo.
Yog tias koj noj cov tshuaj thinners los yog antiplatelet
Cov kev txiav txim siab sib npaug qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev los ntshav thaum lub sijhawm kuaj mob lossis tshem tawm cov polyp tawm tsam qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev txhaws yog tias cov tshuaj raug ncua, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrog cov stents coronary tsis ntev los no, cov valves mechanical lossis atrial fibrillation. Daim phiaj xwm yog ib tus neeg thiab yuav tsum los ntawm tus kws sau ntawv ua ke nrog tus kws kho mob endoscopist.
Yog tias koj cev xeeb tub lossis pub niam mis
Kev kuaj mob endoscopy thaum cev xeeb tub tsuas yog ua thaum xav tau xwb, feem ntau yog thaum los ntshav ntau, thiab tau npaj ua ke nrog pab pawg kws kho mob yug menyuam. Kev xaiv tshuaj loog, qhov chaw, lub sijhawm thaum cev xeeb tub thiab kev zam kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob xws li ERCP yog tias ua tau yog txhua yam uas tau txiav txim siab tshwj xeeb.
Cov me nyuam
Kev kuaj mob plab menyuam siv cov tsom iav me dua, cov cai yoo mov tshwj xeeb rau menyuam yaus thiab feem ntau yog siv tshuaj loog dav dav lossis siv tshuaj loog tob tob nrog tus kws kho mob loog menyuam yaus. Cov txheej txheem npaj plab raws li qhov hnyav txawv ntawm cov neeg laus thiab yuav tsum tau sau ntawv los ntawm pab pawg menyuam yaus.
Cov laus
Feem ntau cov tshuaj loog yuav muab tsawg dua, thiab kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev qaug zog, kev qhuav dej thaum lub sijhawm npaj plab thiab cov tshuaj uas siv ua ke yuav tsum tau tshuaj xyuas ua ntej txoj kev kho mob.
Muaj dab tsi tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm endoscopy
- Kos rau hauv: paub tseeb tias yog leej twg, pom zoo, kev yoo mov thiab cov tshuaj. Muaj ib lub cannula rau kev siv tshuaj loog, thiab saib xyuas lub plawv dhia, ntshav siab thiab oxygen.
- Kev ua kom loog lossis kev pw tsaug zog: rau kev kuaj mob plab hnyuv, yuav siv tau tshuaj loog hauv qhov ncauj, nrog lossis tsis muaj tshuaj loog rau hauv cov hlab ntsha. Kev kuaj mob plab hnyuv feem ntau ua nrog tshuaj loog. Qee cov txheej txheem yuav tsum tau siv tshuaj loog dav dav.
- Dhau qhov scope: koj pw rau sab laug rau GI endoscopy. Lub npog qhov ncauj tiv thaiv cov hniav rau gastroscopy. Cua lossis carbon dioxide yog siv los qhib lub lumen, uas tuaj yeem ua rau o lossis xav ntuav lossis cua dhau, qhov no yog qhov xav tau.
- Kev kuaj mob thiab kev kho mob: Tus kws kho mob endoscopist yuav tshuaj xyuas tsis tu ncua, thaij duab cov ntaub ntawv pom thiab coj cov biopsies yog tias xav tau. Biopsy nws tus kheej tsis mob, vim tias daim ntaub tsis muaj qhov mob ntawm cov hlab ntsha zoo li ntawd.
- Rov qab: koj so hauv thaj chaw kho mob kom txog thaum koj paub tseeb. Tej zaum yuav muab dej rau koj haus thaum cov tshuaj tsuag rau hauv qhov ncauj tas lawm thiab kev nqos dej tsis muaj teeb meem.
- tawm: Tus kws kho mob feem ntau piav qhia txog cov ntaub ntawv pom hauv tib hnub ntawd thiab muab ib daim ntawv qhia ua ntawv. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kuaj mob yuav ua raws li nyias.
Cov txheej txheem siv sijhawm ntev npaum li cas
- Kev kuaj mob gastroscopy: feem ntau yog li 5-15 feeb ntawm lub sijhawm soj ntsuam.
- Kev kuaj mob plab hnyuv: feem ntau yog li ntawm 20-45 feeb, ntev dua yog tias cov polyps raug tshem tawm lossis cov hnyuv loj nyuaj rau kev mus los.
- ERCP, EUS thiab cov txheej txheem kho mob nyuaj: feem ntau yog 45 feeb txog ntau tshaj ib teev.
- Kev mus ntsib tsev kho mob tag nrho: feem ntau yog ob peb teev, uas yuav cia rau kev sau npe, kev kuaj xyuas ua ntej kev kho mob thiab kev rov zoo los ntawm kev siv tshuaj loog.
- Kev npaj plab hnyuv: ntxiv kwv yees li ib hnub ntawm kev txwv kev noj zaub mov thiab siv tshuaj laxative ua ntej kev kuaj mob plab hnyuv.
Lub sijhawm teem sijhawm tiag tiag thiab lub sijhawm rov zoo sib txawv ntawm cov chav thiab nyob ntawm seb muaj pes tsawg tus neeg mob hauv ib hnub.
Kev nkag siab txog koj daim ntawv qhia
Daim ntawv qhia txog kev kuaj mob hauv plab piav qhia txog yam uas tau pom, qhov twg, thiab yam uas tau ua. Cov ntsiab lus feem ntau suav nrog qhov dav uas tau mus txog, qhov zoo ntawm qhov pom lossis kev npaj plab hnyuv, kev piav qhia txog cov ntaub hauv plab, cov duab, cov chaw kuaj mob, thiab txhua yam kev kho mob uas tau ua.
- "Kev kawm ib txwm muaj": cov cheeb tsam uas pom zoo li qub. Qhov no ua rau muaj kev nplij siab rau cov kab mob hauv thaj chaw ntawd tab sis tsis piav qhia txhua yam tsos mob, thiab tsis npog cov kabmob sab nraud uas lub koob yees duab ncav cuag tau.
- Kev o, kev tawg, gastritis, oesophagitis: cov lus piav qhia. Kev pom xwb tsis qhia tau qhov ua rau; kev kuaj nqaij, Helicobacter pylori xav tau kev kuaj mob thiab keeb kwm kho mob.
- Mob plab: xav tau ib qho laj thawj los tsim kom muaj. Feem ntau cov qhov txhab hauv plab raug kuaj thiab feem ntau rov kuaj dua tom qab.
- Polyp: feem ntau cov polyps hauv plab hnyuv tsis muaj teeb meem. Daim ntawv qhia txog cov ntaub so ntswg txiav txim siab seb hom twg thiab seb puas xav tau kev saib xyuas.
- Cov pob txha tawg: cov leeg ntshav loj, feem ntau yog cuam tshuam nrog kab mob siab; xav tau kev kho mob tshwj xeeb.
- "Qhov mob uas tsis zoo li qub" lossis "kev loj hlob": tsuas yog ib qho kev xav pom xwb, tsis yog kev kuaj mob. Tsuas yog daim ntawv qhia txog histopathology thiaj li paub tseeb lossis tsis lees paub tias yog mob qog noj ntshav.
- Kev kawm tsis tiav: yog tias tsis tau mus txog qhov caecum lossis kev npaj tsis txaus, yuav tsum rov ua qhov kev kuaj dua lossis lwm txoj kev kuaj.
Cov lus ntsuas qib siv rau mob oesophagitis, gastritis lossis haemorrhoids yog piav qhia thiab ib feem nyob ntawm tus neeg saib xyuas. "Qib" tsis yog nws tus kheej qhia tias koj tus mob hnyav npaum li cas, thiab ob tus kws kho mob endoscopist yuav ntsuas tib yam tsos txawv me ntsis. Tsis txhob ua raws li daim ntawv qhia yam tsis tau kom tus kws kho mob uas tau thov txhais nws.
Thaum cov txiaj ntsig tuaj yeem ua rau neeg nkag siab yuam kev
Cov kev tshawb pom uas yuav ua rau muaj kev ntseeg siab cuav (tsis tshua hu ua kab mob)
- Kev npaj plab tsis zoo zais cov polyps thiab cov qhov txhab me me thaum lub sijhawm kuaj mob plab hnyuv.
- Kev kuaj xyuas tsis tiav: qhov kev ntsuas tsis tau mus txog rau qhov caecum, lossis qhov kev txwv tsis pub hla.
- Kev kho mob acid-suppressing tsis ntev los no lossis niaj hnub no tuaj yeem kho qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov chaw thiab kuj tuaj yeem ua rau H. pylori cov kev kuaj mob uas tau ua ntawm endoscopy tsis zoo.
- Cov tshuaj tua kab mob tsis ntev los no lossis bismuth zoo sib xws txo cov qoob loo ntawm H. pylori kev kuaj mob raws li biopsy.
- Cov ntshav los yog cov khoom noj seem ua rau pom tsis meej thaum lub sijhawm los ntshav.
- Kab mob sab nraud ntawm kev ncav cuagkab mob hauv plab hnyuv me, pancreatic lossis extraluminal yuav tsis tshwm sim.
- Kev kuaj yuam kev: cov biopsies coj mus ntawm thaj chaw tsis zoo.
Cov kev tshawb pom uas yuav zoo li phem dua li qhov lawv muaj (kev hu ua kab mob ntau dhau)
- Kev raug mob ntawm lub scope tuaj yeem ua rau muaj cov qhov me me uas sib txawv lossis cov kua muag me me uas zoo li muaj kab mob.
- Kev ntsuas cua thiab kev nqus pa tuaj yeem tsim cov liab lossis cov qhov txhab cuav.
- Kev npaj plab hnyuv nws tus kheej tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv me me ntawm cov mucosal zoo li colitis.
- Mob gastritis tsis tshwj xeeb feem ntau raug tshaj tawm thiab feem ntau tsis muaj feem cuam tshuam rau cov tsos mob.
- Cov ntsiav tshuaj hlau tuaj yeem ua rau lub qhov muag tsaus ntuj thiab ua rau lub cev tsis zoo li qub.
Kev Pheej Hmoo thiab Kev Nyab Xeeb
Cov teeb meem loj los ntawm kev kuaj mob endoscopy tsis tshua muaj, tab sis lawv tsis yog xoom, thiab kev pheej hmoo sib txawv ntawm tsev neeg endoscopy. Kev pheej hmoo nce ntxiv nrog cov txheej txheem kho mob, cov neeg mob los ntshav sai, thiab rau cov neeg uas muaj kab mob plawv, ntsws, siab lossis raum loj.
Kev kuaj mob gastroscopy
Feem ntau thiab me: mob caj pas, o, suab nrov ib ntus. Tsis tshua muaj: los ntshav tom qab kuaj lub cev, tsis haum rau kev siv tshuaj loog, cov pa oxygen tsawg, kev nqus pa. Tsis tshua muaj: cov kav dej zaub mov lossis lub plab tawg.
Kev kuaj mob plab hnyuv thiab kev phais polypectomy
Feem ntau: mob plab, o, muaj ntshav me ntsis tom qab kuaj nqaij lossis tshem cov polyp. Tsis tshua muaj lossis tsis tshua muaj: los ntshav ntau tom qab tshem cov polyp (uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim ob peb hnub tom qab), perforation, mob kub hnyiab tom qab polypectomy, teeb meem ntawm kev npaj plab xws li qhuav dej lossis electrolyte tsis zoo.
ERCP
Nqa tus nqi teeb meem siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov txheej txheem endoscopic GI niaj hnub. Cov kev pheej hmoo uas paub zoo suav nrog pancreatitis tom qab cov txheej txheem, los ntshav tom qab sphincterotomy, kev kis kab mob ntawm cov kua tsib thiab perforation. ERCP siv X-rays, yog li yuav tsum tshaj tawm cev xeeb tub.
Bronchoscopy
Hnoos, txo cov pa oxygen ib ntus, los ntshav me ntsis tom qab kuaj lub ntsws; feem ntau tsis tshua muaj kub taub hau, xav tau kev kho mob los ntshav, lossis mob ntsws tom qab kuaj lub ntsws.
Cystoscopy
Kub hnyiab thaum tso zis, me ntsis ntshav, kis kab mob rau hauv zis; tsis tshua muaj kev cia zis lossis raug mob rau txoj hlab zis.
Kev siv tshuaj loog thiab tshuaj loog
Tej yam txaus ntshai muaj xws li ua pa nyuaj, ntshav siab qis, nqus pa tsis tau zoo thiab tshuaj tsis haum. Cov kev txaus ntshai no siab dua rau cov neeg uas muaj mob pw tsaug zog tsis taus pa, rog dhau, mob plawv lossis mob ntsws loj, tsis muaj zog thiab thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev. Kev saib xyuas kev siv tshuaj loog los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm tau kawm txo qhov kev pheej hmoo no tab sis tsis tshem tawm qhov kev pheej hmoo no.
Cov txiaj ntsig sib txawv nyob ntawm tus neeg mob qhov xwm txheej. Nug koj tus kws kho mob kom ntsuas koj tus kheej qhov kev pheej hmoo rau cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb uas tau npaj tseg.
Cov cim liab tom qab endoscopy
Xwm txheej ceev: nrhiav kev kho mob tam sim no
- Mob plab lossis mob hauv siab hnyav lossis zuj zus tuaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lub plab tawv lossis mob heev
- Ntws ntshav, lossis tso cov ntshav tshiab lossis cov ntshav txhaws ntau ntau hauv qhov quav
- Cov quav dub, cov quav tarry
- Ua tsis taus pa, nqos nyuaj heev, lossis o thiab tawg hauv qab daim tawv nqaij
- Tsaus muag, yuav luag vau, tawv nqaij txias ntub los yog lub plawv dhia ceev ceev
- Kub taub hau heev nrog rau kev tshee hnyo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tom qab ERCP
Tib hnub ntawd: hu rau chav endoscopy lossis mus ntsib kws kho mob sai sai
- ntuav tas li los yog tsis muaj peev xwm khaws cov kua dej kom txaus
- Kub taub hau tsis mob khaub thuas, lossis mob zuj zus tuaj
- Mob plab thiab mob uas tsis ploj tom qab ob peb teev
- Tsis muaj peev xwm tso zis tom qab cystoscopy
- Cov mob me me tab sis rov tshwm sim ntawm kev los ntshav ntawm qhov quav tom qab tshem tawm cov polyp
Kev teem caij tsis tu ncua
- Mob caj pas me ntsis, o lossis cua uas zoo dua
- Ib txoj hlab ntshav me me tom qab kuaj nqaij uas tsis rov tshwm sim dua
- Yuav tham txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kuaj biopsy thiab cov kauj ruam tom ntej
- Cov tsos mob uas tseem muaj lossis rov qab los txawm tias daim ntawv qhia endoscopy ib txwm muaj
Cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb
Cev xeeb tub
Kev kuaj plab (endoscopy) raug ncua tshwj tsis yog tias qhov qhia tau tias muaj zog. Kev kuaj plab (gastroscopy) rau qhov los ntshav ntau yog qhov laj thawj feem ntau. Cov txheej txheem siv hluav taws xob raug zam lossis tiv thaiv thiab txo qis, thiab pab pawg kws yug menyuam koom nrog hauv kev npaj.
Cov me nyuam
Kev kuaj mob plab hnyuv rau menyuam yaus yog ua los ntawm cov kws kho mob plab hnyuv rau menyuam yaus nrog kev pab los ntawm tshuaj loog rau menyuam yaus. Cov cim qhia txawv ntawm cov neeg laus thiab suav nrog kev xav tias muaj kab mob celiac, kev o ntawm cov yeeb nkab zaub mov, kev xav tias muaj lub cev txawv teb chaws thiab raws plab ntev nrog kev loj hlob qeeb.
Cov laus
Feem ntau cov tshuaj loog yuav raug txo qis, tej zaum yuav tsum tau hloov kho kev npaj plab kom tsis txhob qhuav dej, thiab qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov txheej txheem saib xyuas raug ntsuas raws li kev noj qab haus huv thiab lub neej ntev.
Kev kho mob ntshav qab zib kom txo qis glucose
Kev yoo mov thiab kev npaj plab ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm hypoglycemia. Yuav tsum tau pom zoo nrog tus kws kho mob ua ntej hnub ua kev kho mob. Nqa cov khoom siv ntsuas glucose thiab kev kho mob rau cov ntshav qab zib qis mus rau tsev kho mob.
Kab mob raum ntev thiab lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm
Kev xaiv cov khoom noj, cov dej haus thiab kev saib xyuas electrolyte yuav tsum tau hloov kho. Tshaj tawm cov sijhawm ntxuav dialysis kom lub sijhawm sib haum xeeb.
Kab mob siab thiab cirrhosis
Kev siv endoscopy yog siv los nrhiav thiab kho cov kab mob varices ntawm txoj hlab pas. Cov teeb meem ntawm cov ntshav txhaws, cov ntshav platelets qis thiab kev ua kom tsaug zog hauv cov kab mob siab uas nyuaj kho txhua yam yuav tsum tau npaj tshwj xeeb.
Cov khoom siv cog rau hauv lub cev thiab cov twj tso kua mis prosthetic
Cov tshuab ua pacemakers thiab cov tshuab defibrillators implantable cuam tshuam rau kev siv cov cuab yeej electrosurgical thaum lub sijhawm tshem tawm polyp, yog li tshaj tawm lawv. Kev npog tshuaj tua kab mob ua ntej endoscopy tsis yog ib txwm rau feem ntau cov neeg mob; qhov kev txiav txim siab yog tus kheej.
Endoscopy hauv Is Nrias teb
- Cov cim qhia feem ntau qhia txog cov qauv kab mob hauv zos. Kab mob peptic acid thiab Helicobacter pylorimob plab zom mov uas cuam tshuam nrog lwm yam kab mob yog cov laj thawj feem ntau rau kev kuaj mob plab. Mob ntsws o ntawm txoj hnyuv yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb rau qhov mob ileocaecal thiab tuaj yeem zoo ib yam li tus kab mob Crohn, thiab kev kuaj mob plab hnyuv nrog kev kuaj cov ntaub so ntswg feem ntau yog qhov tseem ceeb los qhia lawv sib txawv.
- Kab mob siab ntev yog tus tsav tsheb tseem ceeb ntawm kev kuaj mob endoscopy rau kev kuaj mob variceal thiab kev ntsuas kab mob siab, suav nrog kev mob siab steatotic uas cuam tshuam nrog cawv thiab kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm lub cev (MASLD, lo lus uas hloov NAFLD; MASH hloov NASH, nrog MetALD piav qhia txog kev koom tes ua ke ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev thiab cawv).
- Kev puas tsuaj rau lub siab thiab txoj hnyuv los ntawm tshuaj los ntawm kev kho mob ntsws, cov tshuaj tua kab mob uas tsis yog steroidal uas yuav tau ntawm lub khw muag tshuaj, thiab qee cov AYUSH, cov tshuaj ntsuab thiab cov tshuaj ntxiv rau hauv chaw dhia ua si yog ib qho kev txhawj xeeb uas paub zoo; qhia txhua yam koj noj, suav nrog cov tshuaj uas tsis yog kws kho mob sau.
- Kev noj cov khoom uas muaj tshuaj lom thiab kev tshem tawm cov khoom txawv teb chaws tseem yog cov cim qhia txog kev kuaj mob thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov menyuam yaus.
- Kev siv lus hauv zos kuj tseem ceeb. Cov neeg mob thiab cov ntawv xa mus yuav hais tias "scopy", "camera test", "upper GI scopy" lossis "pet ki jaanch", feem ntau yog hais txog cov txheej txheem piav qhia ntawm no, tab sis paub meej tias lub cev twg raug kuaj xyuas.
- Cov ntaub ntawv tiv thaiv. Cov duab, cov yeeb yaj kiab thiab cov ntawv ceeb toom Endoscopy yog cov ntaub ntawv kev noj qab haus huv tus kheej rhiab heev; kev tswj hwm kev pom zoo thiab cov ntaub ntawv digital yog tswj hwm los ntawm Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023, nrog rau cov luag haujlwm tsis pub lwm tus paub hauv qab National Medical Commission cov cai coj ua.
- Cov cai tshaj tawm. Cov lus thov tias txhua txoj kev kho mob kho tau kab mob raug txwv tsis pub ua raws li Txoj Cai Tshuaj thiab Kev Kho Mob Khawv Koob (Kev Tshaj Tawm Tsis Zoo), 1954; yuav tsum tsis ntseeg cov pob khoom uas cog lus tias yuav tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo.
Tus nqi thiab kev pov hwm hauv Is Nrias teb
Cov nqi sib txawv ntawm cov nroog, ntawm tsoomfwv thiab cov chaw kho mob ntiag tug, thiab ntawm cov txheej txheem kuaj mob thiab kho mob. Cov nqi uas tau hais nyob rau txhua qhov chaw yuav tsum tau suav tias yog cov nqi qhia xwb thiab lees paub nrog lub chaw kho mob ua ntawv ua ntej cov txheej txheem.
Cov yam uas hloov tus nqi:
- Hom txheej txheem: kev kuaj mob gastroscopy yog qhov pheej yig tshaj plaws ntawm pawg; colonoscopy, EUS thiab ERCP kim dua zuj zus.
- Kev siv tshuaj loog los yog tshuaj loog: tshuaj tsuag rau caj pas xwb, tshuaj loog kom tsaug zog, lossis tshuaj loog dav dav nrog kws kho mob loog, txhua tus ntxiv qhov ntau sib txawv.
- Cov khoom siv kho mob ntxiv: cov cuab yeej txiav polypectomy, cov clips, cov khoom siv banding, stents, dilators, cov tshuaj txhaj thiab cov khoom siv rov qab tau raug them nqi ua cov khoom siv tau.
- Histopathology: Kev ua cov txheej txheem biopsy yog them rau ib pawg qauv, ntxiv rau txhua yam xim tshwj xeeb, immunohistochemistry lossis kev kuaj cov ntaub so ntswg rau tus kab mob ntsws.
- Kev saib xyuas thaum nruab hnub piv rau kev pw hauv tsev kho mob: chav pw kho mob, pawg chav thiab txhua qhov chaw nyob ib hmos.
- Hom chaw thiab lub nroog: theem ntawm lub nroog, qhov xwm txheej ntawm daim ntawv pov thawj thiab seb lub chaw ua haujlwm puas yog tsoomfwv, kev ntseeg siab khiav lossis lub tuam txhab.
- Cov txheej txheem thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev thaum tawm ntawm lub sijhawm ua haujlwm feem ntau raug nqi ntau dua li cov npe uas tau npaj tseg.
Cov ntsiab lus pov hwm uas yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas: ntau daim ntawv pov hwm them nqi kho mob them rau kev kuaj mob thaum nws yog ib feem ntawm kev nkag mus lossis kev saib xyuas thaum nruab hnub, tab sis tsuas yog kev kuaj mob sab nraud xwb yuav raug tshem tawm. Xyuas kom meej tias kev them rau kev saib xyuas thaum nruab hnub, xwm txheej ntawm lub network tsis siv nyiaj ntsuab, cov kev cai ua ntej tso cai, lub sijhawm tos rau cov kab mob uas twb muaj lawm, thiab seb puas yuav tsum tau them cov khoom siv thiab histopathology. Cov phiaj xwm tsoomfwv xws li Ayushman Bharat PM-JAY them rau cov pob khoom tshwj xeeb ntawm cov tsev kho mob uas muaj vaj huam sib luag, kev tsim nyog thiab cov pob khoom suav nrog yuav tsum tau lees paub nrog lub rooj pov hwm ntawm tsev kho mob.
Cov lus dab neeg thiab qhov tseeb
| tswvyim hais ua dabneeg | fact |
|---|---|
| Endoscopy mob heev | Feem ntau cov neeg pom tias nws tsis xis nyob dua li mob. Siv tshuaj tsuag rau caj pas lossis tshuaj loog. Kev o thiab ua pa nyuaj yog cov teeb meem feem ntau. |
| Kev kuaj mob endoscopy ib txwm txhais tau tias tsis muaj dab tsi tsis ncaj ncees lawm | Kev kuaj mob endoscopy tsuas yog kuaj cov cheeb tsam uas lub scope ncav cuag, thiab tsuas yog qhov saum npoo xwb. Cov teeb meem kev ua haujlwm, kab mob plab me me thiab kab mob pancreatic tuaj yeem nyob ua ke nrog daim ntawv qhia ib txwm muaj. |
| Biopsy kis tau mob qog noj ntshav | Tsis muaj pov thawj zoo tias kev siv txoj kev kuaj mob endoscopic biopsy ua rau mob qog noj ntshav kis tau. Feem ntau biopsy yog tib txoj kev los paub tseeb tias kuaj tau thiab xaiv kev kho mob kom raug. |
| Endoscopy tuaj yeem saib tag nrho cov hnyuv hauv ib zaug xwb | Tsis muaj ib lub tsom iav uas npog tag nrho txoj hnyuv. Txoj hnyuv me me tshwj xeeb xav tau kev siv tshuaj capsule endoscopy lossis kev siv tshuaj specialized enteroscopy. |
| Koj tuaj yeem tsav tsheb mus tsev koj tus kheej tom qab noj tshuaj loog | Kev siv tshuaj loog ua rau lub sijhawm teb thiab kev txiav txim siab tsis zoo rau ntau teev. Npaj ib tus neeg nrog koj mus thiab tsis txhob tsav tsheb lossis caij tsheb hnub ntawd. |
| Kev kuaj mob endoscopy yog kev kuaj mob uas txhua tus neeg tuaj yeem teem caij rau kev noj qab haus huv dav dav | Kev kuaj mob endoscopy yog ib txoj kev phais mob uas muaj kev pheej hmoo tiag tiag. Nws yuav tsum ua raws li kev ntsuam xyuas kev kho mob thiab cov cim qhia meej, lossis cov txheej txheem saib xyuas uas tau teeb tsa. |
| "Grade 1 gastritis" txhais tau tias mob qog nqaij hlav thaum ntxov | Cov lus qhia txog qib yog piav qhia thiab nyob ntawm tus neeg saib. Lawv tsis qhia txog theem ntawm mob qog noj ntshav. |
Lus nug cov lus nug
Kuv puas yuav tsim thaum lub sijhawm endoscopy?
Qhov ntawd nyob ntawm seb koj ua li cas thiab koj siv chav twg. Feem ntau kev kuaj plab hnyuv (gastroscopy) tsuas yog siv tshuaj tsuag rau hauv caj pas xwb los yog siv tshuaj loog me ntsis, yog li koj yuav tsaug zog tab sis koj sawv tau. Kev kuaj plab hnyuv feem ntau siv tshuaj loog. Qee cov txheej txheem, thiab feem ntau kev kuaj mob rau menyuam yaus, yuav tsum tau siv tshuaj loog dav dav. Tham txog koj qhov kev nyiam thiab kev noj qab haus huv ua ntej.
Kev kuaj mob endoscopy puas qhia tau kuv tam sim ntawd seb kuv puas muaj mob qog noj ntshav?
Kev kuaj mob endoscopy tuaj yeem qhia tau qhov mob uas zoo li txawv txawv, thiab tus kws kho mob endoscopist yuav hais li ntawd rau hnub ntawd. Kev lees paub yuav tsum tau kuaj histopathology ntawm qhov biopsy, uas tau tshaj tawm cais. Kev ntsuas theem, tob npaum li cas thiab kis mus deb npaum li cas, feem ntau xav tau kev kuaj ntxiv xws li endoscopic ultrasound, CT lossis PET-CT.
Kuv puas xav tau kev kuaj mob plab hnyuv yog tias kuv qhov kev kuaj mob plab zoo li qub?
Tsis yog ua tau li ntawd. Kev kuaj plab thiab kev kuaj plab hnyuv teb cov lus nug sib txawv txog ntau qhov ntawm txoj hnyuv. Kev kuaj plab hnyuv yog xav txog thaum cov tsos mob, kev los ntshav, ntshav tsis txaus, keeb kwm tsev neeg lossis kev saib xyuas taw qhia rau txoj hnyuv. Kev txiav txim siab yog nyob ntawm tus kws kho mob uas yuav soj ntsuam koj.
Kuv noj mov thiab rov qab mus ua haujlwm tau sai npaum li cas?
Tom qab ua ib qho kev kuaj mob yooj yim nrog kev siv tshuaj loog, feem ntau cov neeg noj mov thaum lawv sawv tag thiab nqos tau zoo, thiab rov ua ub ua no li qub rau hnub tom qab. Tsis txhob tsav tsheb, siv tshuab thiab txiav txim siab tseem ceeb rau hnub ntawd. Cov txheej txheem kho mob yuav muaj kev txwv kev noj haus thiab kev ua ub ua no ntev dua.
Puas muaj kev nyab xeeb rau kev siv lub tshuab endoscopy yog tias kuv muaj kab mob plawv lossis ntsws?
Feem ntau tseem ua tau qhov kev kuaj mob endoscopy, tab sis qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev siv tshuaj loog ntau dua thiab yuav tsum tau npaj. Qhia rau pab neeg txog angina, mob plawv nres tsis ntev los no, lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm, arrhythmia, stents, COPD, hawb pob, siv oxygen lossis pw tsaug zog apnoea. Kev saib xyuas, kev xaiv tshuaj loog thiab qee zaum kev koom tes ntawm tus kws kho mob loog raug hloov kho raws li qhov tsim nyog.
Vim li cas kuv thiaj yuav tsum tau noj tshuaj npaj plab loj ua luaj rau kev kuaj plab hnyuv loj?
Cov polyps thiab cov mob qog nqaij hlav thaum ntxov yog cov me me thiab yooj yim nkaum tom qab cov quav. Txoj hnyuv loj huv si ncaj qha txhim kho kev kuaj pom thiab txo qhov muaj feem yuav rov ua dua. Yog tias koj muaj kab mob raum, lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm, kev txwv dej lossis ntshav qab zib, nug lub chaw kho mob kom npaj cov txheej txheem uas haum rau koj tus mob.
Yog tias kuv cov tsos mob tseem muaj tom qab kuaj xyuas endoscopy li qub, yuav ua li cas?
Rov qab mus rau tus kws kho mob uas tau thov kom ua qhov kev kuaj mob no. Cov tsos mob uas tseem muaj nyob yuav qhia txog qhov mob uas endoscopy tsis tuaj yeem qhia tau, xws li kev txav mus los lossis kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo, lub zais zis lossis lub qog pancreas.
