The most common vision problems are

• Refractive errors, more commonly known as nearsightedness, farsightedness, astigmatism and presbyopia. Refractive errors occur when the shape of the eye prevents light from focusing directly on the retina. The length of the eyeball (either longer or shorter), changes in the shape of the cornea, or aging of the lens can cause refractive errors. Most people have one or more of these conditions.
• Low vision means that even with regular glasses, contact lenses, medicine, or surgery, people find everyday tasks difficult to do. Irreversible vision loss is most common among people over age 65.

A variety of diagnostic, therapeutic and surgical treatments and services are available, depending on the medical condition and the patient’s overall health status. Some of these are listed below.

• Glasses and contact lenses.
• Surgical treatment options include clear lens extraction and phakic IOL.
• Laser therapy.