Insulin - Kev Siv, Kev Noj Tshuaj, Cov Kev Mob Tshwm Sim thiab Ntau Ntxiv

Taw qhia: Insulin yog dab tsi?

Insulin yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj hormones tsim los ntawm cov txiav ua haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj cov ntshav qab zib. Nws tso cai rau cov hlwb hauv lub cev nqus cov piam thaj los ntawm cov hlab ntsha, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim lub zog. Rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib mellitus, lub cev tsis tsim cov tshuaj insulin txaus lossis tsis tuaj yeem siv cov tshuaj insulin nws tsim tau zoo, ua rau cov ntshav qab zib nce siab. Kev kho cov tshuaj insulin yog ib qho kev kho mob rau kev tswj ntshav qab zib, pab tswj cov ntshav qabzib hauv cov ntshav thiab tiv thaiv cov teeb meem cuam tshuam nrog tus kab mob.

Kev siv cov tshuaj insulin

Insulin feem ntau yog siv los kho cov ntshav qab zib mellitus, uas suav nrog:

• Hom 1 Ntshav Qab Zib: Ib qho xwm txheej uas tus txiav ua rau me me kom tsis muaj insulin. Cov neeg mob xav tau kev kho mob insulin kom ciaj sia.
• Hom 2 Ntshav Qab Zib: Qee qhov xwm txheej, cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 yuav xav tau cov tshuaj insulin thaum lwm cov tshuaj tsis txaus los tswj cov ntshav qab zib.
• Gestational Diabetes: Cov tshuaj insulin tuaj yeem raug sau tseg rau cov poj niam cev xeeb tub uas mob ntshav qab zib thaum cev xeeb tub thiab tsis tuaj yeem tswj hwm lawv cov ntshav qab zib los ntawm kev noj zaub mov thiab tawm dag zog ib leeg.
• Mob ntshav qab zib ketoacidosis: Ib qho teeb meem loj ntawm ntshav qab zib uas yuav tsum tau kho cov tshuaj insulin tam sim kom txo cov ntshav qab zib.

Yuav ua li cas Nws Tej hauj lwm

Insulin ua haujlwm los ntawm kev txhawb nqa cov piam thaj mus rau hauv lub cev cov hlwb, tshwj xeeb yog cov leeg nqaij thiab cov rog. Thaum koj noj, carbohydrates tau tawg mus rau hauv qabzib, uas nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha. Hauv kev teb, tus txiav txiav tawm cov tshuaj insulin, uas ua haujlwm zoo li tus yuam sij rau qhib lub hlwb, tso cai rau cov piam thaj nkag mus. Cov txheej txheem no txo ​​cov ntshav qab zib thiab muab lub zog rau cov hlwb. Tsis tas li ntawd, insulin pab khaws cov piam thaj ntau hauv lub siab rau kev siv tom qab thiab inhibits cov piam thaj los ntawm lub siab.

Dosage thiab Administration

Insulin feem ntau yog siv los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj, vim nws tsis zoo thaum noj qhov ncauj vim kev zom zaub mov. Muaj ntau hom tshuaj insulin, txhua qhov sib txawv ntawm lub sijhawm pib, qhov tshwm sim siab tshaj, thiab lub sijhawm ntev.

Standard Adult Dosage:

Qhov ntau npaum li cas sib txawv raws li tus neeg xav tau kev pab, tab sis qhov pib ntawm hom 1 ntshav qab zib mellitus yog 0.5 mus rau 1.0 units / kg / hnub, muab faib ua ntau yam.

Pediatric Dosage:

Rau cov menyuam yaus, qhov ntau npaum li cas yog xam raws qhov hnyav, feem ntau pib ntawm 0.5 txog 1.0 units / kg / hnub.

Zaus:

Cov tshuaj insulin tuaj yeem siv tau ntau zaus hauv ib hnub, nyob ntawm hom siv (xws li, ua haujlwm sai, ua haujlwm ntev).

Hom kev tswj hwm:

Insulin feem ntau yog muab los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj subcutaneous, tab sis kuj tuaj yeem xa los ntawm cov cwj mem insulin, twj, lossis nqus nqus.

Cov teebmeem ntawm cov tshuaj insulin

Txawm hais tias insulin feem ntau muaj kev nyab xeeb thaum siv kom raug, nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phiv, suav nrog:

Cov teebmeem tshwm sim:

• Hypoglycemia (cov ntshav qab zib tsawg)
• Qhov hnyav nce
• Qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv (redness, o)

Mob hnyav heev:

• Kev mob hnyav hypoglycemia (tuaj yeem ua rau qaug dab peg lossis tsis nco qab)
• Kev tsis haum tshuaj (tsis tshua muaj)
• Lipodystrophy (kev hloov pauv hauv cov ntaub so ntswg rog ntawm qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj)

Tshuaj Kev Sib Thoob

Insulin tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog ntau yam tshuaj thiab tshuaj, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nws cov txiaj ntsig lossis ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev phiv. Cov kev sib tham tseem ceeb muaj xws li:

• Qhov ncauj Hypoglycemics: Qee cov tshuaj noj ntshav qab zib tuaj yeem txhim kho cov teebmeem ntawm insulin, ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm hypoglycemia.
• Beta-blockers: Cov no tuaj yeem npog cov tsos mob ntawm cov ntshav qab zib tsawg.
• Dej Cawv: Nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm hypoglycemia thaum noj nrog insulin.
• Thiazide diuretics: Tej zaum yuav ua rau cov ntshav qab zib nce ntxiv, tiv thaiv cov tshuaj insulin.

Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Insulin

Kev siv cov tshuaj insulin muaj ntau yam kev kho mob thiab cov tswv yim zoo:

• Kev tswj ntshav qab zib zoo: Insulin muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev txo cov ntshav qabzib, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv hom 1 mob ntshav qab zib.
• Flexibility: Ntau hom insulin tso cai rau cov phiaj xwm kho tus kheej raws li tus neeg xav tau thiab kev ua neej.
• Kev Tiv Thaiv Cov Teeb Meem: Kev tswj cov tshuaj insulin kom zoo tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov teeb meem ntev ntev uas cuam tshuam nrog ntshav qab zib, xws li neuropathy, retinopathy, thiab kab mob plawv.
• Txhim Kho Lub Neej Zoo: Nrog kev kho tshuaj insulin zoo, ntau tus neeg tuaj yeem ua lub neej zoo li qub.

Contraindications ntawm insulin

Qee tus neeg yuav tsum tsis txhob siv tshuaj insulin lossis siv ceev faj:

• Hypoglycemia: cov tsos mob Cov neeg mob uas muaj keeb kwm muaj ntshav qab zib tsawg yuav tsum ceev faj.
• Kev tsis haum rau insulin: Cov neeg uas paub txog kev ua xua rau insulin lossis nws cov khoom yuav tsum tsis txhob siv nws.
• Cev xeeb tub: Thaum cov tshuaj insulin feem ntau tsim nyog thaum cev xeeb tub los tswj cov ntshav qab zib gestational, nws yuav tsum tau siv raws li kev saib xyuas nruj.
• Mob siab lossis mob raum: Cov xwm txheej no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau cov metabolism hauv insulin thiab yuav tsum tau saib xyuas kom zoo.

Ceev faj thiab Kev Ceeb Toom

Ua ntej pib kho cov tshuaj insulin, cov neeg mob yuav tsum xav txog cov kev ceev faj hauv qab no:

• Kev saib xyuas tsis tu ncua: Kev saib xyuas cov ntshav qab zib ntau zaus yog qhov tseem ceeb kom tsis txhob muaj cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav.
• Education: Cov neeg mob yuav tsum tau kawm txog kev paub txog cov tsos mob ntawm cov ntshav qab zib tsawg thiab yuav ua li cas tswj nws.
• Lab Tests: Kev kuaj A1C tsis tu ncua raug pom zoo los saib xyuas cov ntshav qab zib mus ntev.
• Kev noj zaub mov thiab kev tawm dag zog: Kev noj zaub mov kom zoo thiab ua kom lub cev tsis tu ncua yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tswj ntshav qab zib kom zoo.

FAQ

• insulin yog dab tsi? Insulin yog ib yam tshuaj uas tsim los ntawm cov txiav ua haujlwm uas pab tswj cov ntshav qab zib hauv cov ntshav los ntawm kev cia cov cell nqus cov piam thaj.
• Leej twg xav tau insulin? Cov tib neeg uas muaj ntshav qab zib hom 1 thiab qee tus mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 tuaj yeem xav tau cov tshuaj insulin los tswj lawv cov ntshav qab zib.
• Yuav siv tshuaj insulin li cas? Cov tshuaj insulin feem ntau yog siv los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj subcutaneous, insulin cwj mem, lossis twj.
• Cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm insulin yog dab tsi? Cov kev mob tshwm sim muaj xws li ntshav qab zib tsawg, qhov hnyav nce, thiab qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj. Cov kev mob tshwm sim loj tuaj yeem suav nrog kev mob ntshav qab zib tsis zoo.
• Cov tshuaj insulin puas tuaj yeem noj ntawm qhov ncauj? Tsis yog, insulin tsis zoo thaum noj qhov ncauj vim kev zom zaub mov; nws yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj.
• Kuv yuav tsum noj tshuaj insulin ntau npaum li cas? Qhov zaus ntawm kev tswj hwm cov tshuaj insulin txawv raws li hom insulin thiab tus neeg xav tau, feem ntau ntau zaus hauv ib hnub.
• Kuv yuav ua li cas yog tias kuv tsis noj tshuaj? Yog tias koj tsis noj tshuaj, noj sai li sai tau thaum koj nco qab tshwj tsis yog tias nws nyob ze rau lub sijhawm rau koj cov koob tshuaj ntxiv. Tsis txhob muab ob npaug rau.
• Kuv puas tuaj yeem haus cawv thaum noj tshuaj insulin? Cawv tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov ntshav qab zib tsawg, yog li nws yuav tsum tau noj nrog kev ceev faj thiab sib tham nrog tus kws kho mob.
• Puas yog insulin nyab xeeb thaum cev xeeb tub? Insulin feem ntau tsim nyog rau kev tswj cov ntshav qab zib gestational tab sis yuav tsum tau siv raws li kev saib xyuas kev kho mob.
• Kuv tuaj yeem tiv thaiv hypoglycemia li cas? Kev saib xyuas cov ntshav qab zib tsis tu ncua, noj zaub mov kom zoo, thiab nkag siab txog cov tsos mob ntawm cov ntshav qab zib tsawg tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv hypoglycemia.

Hom Lub Npe

Insulin muaj nyob hauv ntau lub npe, suav nrog:

• Neeg lim hiam
• Novolin
• Lauj Teeb
• levemir
• Neej Neeg
• Novologist
• apidra

xaus

Insulin yog ib qho tshuaj tseem ceeb rau kev tswj cov ntshav qab zib, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib hom 1 thiab qee yam mob ntshav qab zib hom 2. Kev nkag siab txog yuav ua li cas insulin ua haujlwm, nws siv, muaj peev xwm tshwm sim, thiab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tswj hwm zoo tuaj yeem pab cov neeg mob tswj lawv tus mob kom zoo. Nrog txoj hauv kev zoo, kev kho tshuaj insulin tuaj yeem txhim kho lub neej zoo thiab tiv thaiv cov teeb meem cuam tshuam nrog ntshav qab zib.