Methimazole - Uses, Dosage, Side Effects and More

I-Methimazole umuthi osetshenziswa kakhulu ukwelapha i-hyperthyroidism, isimo lapho i-thyroid gland ikhiqiza khona ama-hormone e-thyroid amaningi kakhulu. Lo muthi ungowesigaba semithi eyaziwa ngokuthi ama-thionamides, asebenza ngokuvimbela ukwakheka kwama-hormone e-thyroid. I-Methimazole ivame ukunikezwa ukuphatha izimo ezifana nesifo sikaGraves nokulungiselela iziguli ukuhlinzwa kwe-thyroid noma ukwelashwa nge-iodine enemisebe.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Methimazole

I-Methimazole ivunyelwe ukusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha eziningana, okuhlanganisa:

• Isifo Samathuna: Lesi sifo sokuzivikela komzimba siholela ekusebenzeni ngokweqile kwe-thyroid. I-Methimazole isiza ukulawula ukukhiqizwa kwama-hormone.
• I-Thyroid Storm: Isimo esisongela ukuphila esibonakala ngokukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwama-hormone e-thyroid. I-Methimazole ingaba yingxenye yohlelo lokwelashwa.
• Ukulungiselela kwangaphambilini: Isetshenziselwa ukuzinzisa iziguli ezine-hyperthyroidism ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa noma ukwelashwa nge-iodine enemisebe.
• I-Goiter Enezimbotshana Enobuthi: I-Methimazole ingasiza ekulawuleni i-hyperthyroidism ebangelwa amaqhubu e-thyroid gland.

Indlela Esebenza

I-Methimazole isebenza ngokuvimbela i-enzyme i-thyroid peroxidase, ebalulekile ekukhiqizweni kwama-hormone e-thyroid (T3 kanye ne-T4). Ngokuvimbela le enzyme, i-Methimazole inciphisa ukwakheka kwala ma-hormone, okuholela emazingeni aphansi egazini. Lokhu kusiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu ze-hyperthyroidism, njengokwehla kwesisindo, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, kanye nokukhathazeka.

Isilinganiso nokuphathwa

Umthamo we-Methimazole uyahlukahluka kuye ngesimo eselashwayo kanye nobudala besiguli.

Abantu abadala:

Umthamo ojwayelekile wokuqala u-10 kuya ku-30 ​​mg nsuku zonke, uhlukaniswe ube umthamo owodwa kuya kwemithathu. Umthamo ungalungiswa ngokusekelwe emazingeni e-thyroid hormone.

Izingane:

Ezinganeni, umthamo uvame ukusekelwe esisindweni somzimba, ngokuvamile usukela ku-0.4 kuya ku-1 mg/kg ngosuku, uhlukaniswe ngemithamo.

I-Methimazole itholakala ngesimo samaphilisi futhi kufanele ithathwe ngomlomo, ngokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla. Kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo yomhlinzeki wezempilo mayelana nomthamo kanye nokuvama kokusetshenziswa.

Imiphumela Engemihle yeMethimazole

Imiphumela emibi evamile ye-Methimazole ingafaka:

• Rash
• I-nausea
• Ukuvota
• Ukulahlekelwa ukunambitheka
• Ukulala

Imiphumela emibi kakhulu ingenzeka, njenge:

• I-Agranulocytosis (ukwehla okukhulu kwamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi)
• Ukulimala kwesibindi
• Ukungezwani komzimba okukhulu (anaphylaxis)
• Umkhuhlane noma umphimbo obuhlungu (okubonisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi utheleleke)

Iziguli kufanele zibike noma yiziphi izimpawu ezingajwayelekile kumhlinzeki wazo wezempilo ngokushesha.

Ukusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa

I-Methimazole ingasebenzisana nemithi eminingana, okuhlanganisa:

• I-Warfarin: I-Methimazole ingathuthukisa umphumela we-warfarin wokulwa nokuvuvukala kwegazi, okwandisa ingozi yokopha.
• I-Theophylline: I-Methimazole ingathinta ukugaywa kwe-theophylline, okungase kuholele ebuthi.
• I-Beta-blockers: Lokhu kungasetshenziswa kanye ne-Methimazole ukuphatha izimpawu ze-hyperthyroidism kodwa kudinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela.

Ngaso sonke isikhathi wazisa umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo mayelana nayo yonke imithi nezithako zokudla ozithathayo ukuze ugweme ukusebenzisana okungenzeka.

Izinzuzo zeMethimazole

Izinzuzo zezokwelapha zokusebenzisa i-Methimazole zifaka:

• Ukulawulwa Okuphumelelayo Kwe-Hyperthyroidism: Kunciphisa ngempumelelo amazinga e-hormone ye-thyroid, kunciphisa izimpawu.
• Inketho Engahlinzeki: I-Methimazole inikeza enye indlela yokwelapha engahlaseli yokwelapha i-hyperthyroidism.
• Ukuqala Kwesenzo Esisheshayo: Iziguli zivame ukuthola ukukhululeka kwezimpawu zingakapheli amasonto okuqala ukwelashwa.
• I-Flexible Dosing: Ikhono lokulungisa imithamo livumela izinhlelo zokwelashwa eziqondene nawe.

Ukuphikisana kweMethimazole

Abantu abathile kufanele bagweme i-Methimazole, okuhlanganisa:

• Abesifazane Abakhulelwe: I-Methimazole ingawela i-placenta futhi ingalimaza ingane esanda kuzalwa, ikakhulukazi ku-trimester yokuqala.
• Abantu Abanesifo Sesibindi: Labo abanokukhubazeka kwesibindi bangase babe sengozini enkulu yemiphumela emibi kakhulu.
• I-Alergic: Iziguli ezinesifo sokungezwani komzimba esaziwayo neMethimazole noma ezinye izidakamizwa ze-thionamides akufanele zisebenzise lo muthi.

Ukuqapha Nezexwayiso

Ngaphambi kokuqala i-Methimazole, iziguli kufanele zenze izivivinyo zelebhu ukuze kuhlolwe amazinga e-thyroid hormone kanye nokusebenza kwesibindi. Ukuqapha njalo kubalulekile ukuze kutholakale noma yimiphi imiphumela emibi kusenesikhathi. Iziguli kufanele futhi ziqaphele izimpawu zokutheleleka, njengomkhuhlane noma umphimbo obuhlungu, bese zibika lokhu kumhlinzeki wazo wezempilo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

• Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo weMethimazole? Uma uphuthelwa umthamo, thatha ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula. Uma sekusondele isikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo, yeqa umthamo ogejiwe bese uqalisa kabusha uhlelo lwakho olujwayelekile. Ungaphindi.
• Ngingayithatha i-Methimazole ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa? I-Methimazole ayinconywa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ikakhulukazi ku-trimester yokuqala. Xhumana nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole ezinye izindlela.
• Kuyoze kube nini ngidinga ukuthatha i-Methimazole? Isikhathi sokwelashwa siyahlukahluka. Ezinye iziguli zingadinga ukusithatha isikhathi eside, kanti ezinye zingadinga isikhashana kuphela kuze kube yilapho amazinga azo e-thyroid ezinza.
• Ingabe kukhona imikhawulo yokudla lapho usebenzisa i-Methimazole? Akukho mingcele ethile yokudla, kodwa ukugcina ukudla okunempilo kubalulekile. Xoxa nganoma yiziphi izinkinga nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo.
• Ingabe i-Methimazole ingabangela ukukhuluphala? Ukwanda kwesisindo akuyona imiphumela emibi evamile ye-Methimazole. Kodwa-ke, njengoba amazinga e-hormone ye-thyroid evame ukwenzeka, isisindo singase sizinze.
• Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma ngiba nemiphumela engemihle? Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nemiphumela emibi kakhulu, njengomkhuhlane, umphimbo obuhlungu, noma ukuklwebheka okungavamile.
• Ingabe i-Methimazole iphephile ezinganeni? I-Methimazole inganikezwa izingane, kodwa umthamo uzolungiswa ngokuya ngesisindo sazo nezidingo zazo ezithile.
• Ngingayeka yini ukuthatha iMethimazole ngokuzumayo? Ungayeki ukuthatha i-Methimazole ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho, ngoba lokhu kungaholela ekwandeni okungazelelwe kwamazinga e-hormone ye-thyroid.
• Ingabe ngizodinga ukuhlolwa kwegazi njalo ngesikhathi ngisebenzisa i-Methimazole? Yebo, ukuhlolwa kwegazi njalo kuyadingeka ukuze kuqashwe amazinga e-thyroid hormone kanye nokusebenza kwesibindi ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.
• Ngingayisebenzisa yini eminye imithi ngesikhathi ngisebenzisa i-Methimazole? Njalo yazisa umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo nganoma yimiphi eminye imithi noma izithasiselo ozithathayo ukuze ugweme ukusebenzisana okungenzeka.

Amagama Omkhiqizo

I-Methimazole itholakala ngaphansi kwamagama emikhiqizo eminingana, okuhlanganisa:

• I-Tapazole
• Thiamazole

Isiphetho

I-Methimazole iyimithi ebalulekile yokulawula i-hyperthyroidism, inikeza ukulawula okuphumelelayo amazinga ama-hormone e-thyroid kanye nokunciphisa izimpawu. Nakuba inezinzuzo eziningana, kubalulekile ukuqaphela imiphumela emibi engaba khona, ukusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa, kanye ne-contraindications. Ukuqapha njalo nokuxhumana nabahlinzeki bezempilo kubalulekile ekwelashweni okuphephile nokuphumelelayo. Njalo xhumana nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuqala noma ukuyeka noma yimuphi umuthi.