I-Promethazine

Isingeniso: Kuyini i-Promethazine?

I-Promethazine umuthi ongowesigaba semithi eyaziwa ngokuthi ama-antihistamine. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ukwelapha ukungezwani komzimba, isicanucanu, isicanucanu, nokuhlanza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingasetshenziswa njengesidambisi noma ukuthuthukisa imiphumela yeminye imithi. I-Promethazine isebenza ngokuvimba ama-histamine receptors emzimbeni, okusiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu ezihambisana nokusabela kokungezwani komzimba nezinye izimo.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Promethazine

I-Promethazine inezindlela eziningana zokusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha ezivunyiwe, okuhlanganisa:

• I-Alergic: Isebenza kahle ekwelapheni izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba njengokukhala kwempumulo, ukuthimula, kanye nokulunywa.
• Isifo Sokunyakaza: I-Promethazine ingasiza ekuvimbeleni isicanucanu nokuhlanza okubangelwa ukucasuka kokunyakaza.
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza: Ngokuvamile inqunyelwe ukuphatha isicanucanu nokuhlanza okuhlobene nokuhlinzwa, i-chemotherapy, noma ezinye izimo zezokwelapha.
• I-sedation: Ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo zokudambisa, ingasetshenziswa ukusiza iziguli ukuba ziphumule ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa noma ezinye izinqubo zezokwelapha.
• Izimpawu ezibandayo: Kungafakwa emithini ehlanganisiwe yokuqeda izimpawu zomkhuhlane ovamile.

Isebenza Kanjani i-Promethazine

I-Promethazine isebenza ngokuvimbela isenzo se-histamine, into emzimbeni ebangela izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba. Ngokuvimbela ama-histamine receptors, inciphisa imiphumela yokungezwani komzimba futhi isize ekuvimbeleni isicanucanu. Kalula nje, ithulisa umzimba? impendulo kuma-allergen futhi isiza ukuzola esiswini, okwenza kube usizo ezimweni ezahlukahlukene.

Isilinganiso nokuphathwa

Umthamo we-Promethazine ungahluka ngokuya ngesimo eselashwayo kanye nobudala besiguli. Nazi izilinganiso ezijwayelekile:

Abantu abadala:

• Uma une-allergies: 25 mg kuya ku-50 mg uphuzwe ngomlomo ngesikhathi sokulala.
• Uma umuntu egula ngenxa yokunyakaza: thatha u-25 mg imizuzu engama-30 kuya kwengama-60 ngaphambi kohambo.
• Uma une-nausea: 12.5 mg kuya ku-25 mg njalo emahoreni angu-4 kuya kwangu-6 njengoba kudingeka.

Iziguli Zezingane (ezineminyaka engu-2 nangaphezulu):

• Uma kwenzeka ukungezwani komzimba: 6.25 mg kuya ku-12.5 mg kuthathwa ngomlomo njalo emahoreni angu-4 kuya kwangu-6 njengoba kudingeka.
• Uma umuntu egula ngenxa yokunyakaza: thatha u-12.5 mg imizuzu engama-30 kuya kwengama-60 ngaphambi kohambo.

I-Promethazine itholakala ngezindlela eziningana, okuhlanganisa amaphilisi omlomo, isiraphu, kanye nemijovo. Umthamo uyahlukahluka kuye ngesimo eselashwayo, ubudala besiguli, kanye nezici zempilo zomuntu ngamunye. Landela njalo umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo? imiyalelo ethile ukuqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa okuphephile nokusebenzayo okufanela izidingo zakho.

Imiphumela Engemihle ye-Promethazine

Imiphumela emibi evamile ye-Promethazine ingafaka:

• Ukulala
• isiyezi
• Umlomo omile
• Umbono ophundlekile
• ukuqunjelwa

Imiphumela emibi kakhulu ingenzeka, njenge:

• Ukusabela okukhulu kwe-allergic (ukuqubuka, ukulunywa, ukuvuvukala)
• Ukucindezeleka kokuphefumula (ikakhulukazi ezinganeni)
• I-jaundice (ukuphuzi kwesikhumba noma kwamehlo)
• ukuquleka

Imiphumela emibi engavamile kodwa emibi kakhulu ingase ivele, njengezimpawu ze-extrapyramidal (ukunyakaza kwemisipha okungahleliwe), ikakhulukazi uma kusetshenziswa isikhathi eside noma kubantu abazwelayo. Uma ubona ukuqina kwemisipha okungavamile, ukuthuthumela, noma ukungaphumuli, xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngokushesha.

Ukusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa

I-Promethazine ingasebenzisana nemithi eminingana kanye nezinto, okuhlanganisa:

• Ama-CNS Depressants: Utshwala, ama-benzodiazepine, kanye nama-opioid kungathuthukisa imiphumela yokudambisa ye-Promethazine, okuholela ekozeleni okukhulu kanye nokucindezeleka kokuphefumula.
• Ama-Antidepressants: Amanye ama-antidepressant angandisa ingozi yemiphumela emibi uma ethathwa nge-Promethazine.
• Ama-Antihistamine: Ukuhlanganisa namanye ama-antihistamine kungandisa ingozi yemiphumela emibi njengobuthongo.

Njalo yazisa umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngayo yonke imithi kanye nezithasiselo ozithathayo ukuze ugweme ukusebenzisana okungenzeka.

Izinzuzo ze-Promethazine

I-Promethazine inikeza izinzuzo eziningana zezokwelapha nezisebenzayo:

• Ukuhlukahluka: Ingalapha izimo ezahlukahlukene, kusukela ekungezwani komzimba kuya ekucasukeni.
• Imiphumela Yokudambisa: Amandla ayo okubangela ukozela angaba usizo ezigulini ezidinga ukuphumula ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
• Ukukhululwa Okusebenzayo: Iziguli eziningi zithola impumuzo ebalulekile ezimpawini zokukhathala kanye nokungezwani komzimba nge-Promethazine.

Ukuphikisana kwe-Promethazine

Abantu abathile kufanele bagweme ukusebenzisa i-Promethazine, okuhlanganisa:

• Abesifazane Abakhulelwe: I-Promethazine iyisidakamizwa sokukhulelwa seSigaba C kuphela uma izinzuzo zidlula izingozi zomntwana osanda kuzalwa. Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuze uthole ukuhlolwa komuntu ngamunye, ikakhulukazi ku-trimester yokuqala.
• Iziguli Ezinesifo Sesibindi: Labo abanokukhubazeka kwesibindi bangase babe nobunzima bokusebenzisa umuthi.
• Izingane Ezingaphansi Kweminyaka Emi-2: I-Promethazine akufanele isetshenziswe ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala ngenxa yengozi ephezulu yokucindezeleka okukhulu kokuphefumula, okungaba yingozi empilweni.

Njalo thintana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuze uthole ukuthi i-Promethazine ikufanele yini.

Ukuqapha Nezexwayiso

Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa i-Promethazine, cabanga ngezinyathelo zokuphepha ezilandelayo:

• Umlando Wezokwelapha: Yazisa udokotela wakho nganoma yimuphi umlando wezinkinga zokuphefumula, ukuquleka, noma i-glaucoma.
• Ukuhlolwa Kwelebhu: Ukuqapha njalo kungase kudingeke ezigulini ezinesifo sesibindi noma lezo ezithatha eminye imithi ethinta ukusebenza kwesibindi.
• Imishini Yokushayela Nokusebenza: Ngenxa yemiphumela yayo yokudambisa, gwema imisebenzi edinga ukuqaphela uze wazi ukuthi i-Promethazine ikuthinta kanjani.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

• I-Promethazine isetshenziselwani? I-Promethazine isetshenziselwa ukwelapha ukungezwani komzimba, isicanucanu, isicanucanu, kanye nomuthi wokudambisa.
• Ngingayithatha i-Promethazine kanye neminye imithi? Njalo xhumana nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuhlanganisa i-Promethazine neminye imithi ukuze ugweme ukusebenzisana.
• Yimiphi imiphumela emibi evamile? Imiphumela emibi evamile ihlanganisa ukozela, isiyezi, umlomo owomile, nokungaboni kahle.
• Ingabe i-Promethazine iphephile ezinganeni? I-Promethazine ingasetshenziswa ezinganeni ezingaphezu kweminyaka emibili kodwa hlala uthintana nodokotela ukuze uthole umthamo ofanele.
• Ngingayithatha kanjani i-Promethazine? Landela imiyalelo yomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo mayelana nomthamo kanye nokuphathwa kwawo, okungabandakanya amaphilisi noma imijovo.
• Ngingaphuza utshwala ngenkathi ngithatha i-Promethazine? Kunconywa ukugwema utshwala, njengoba kungandisa ukozela kanye neminye imiphumela emibi.
• Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo? Thatha umthamo ophuthelwe ngokushesha nje lapho ukhumbula kodwa weqe uma sekuyisikhathi somthamo olandelayo.
• Ingabe i-Promethazine iyalutha? I-Promethazine ayibhekwa njengomlutha uma isetshenziswa njengoba kuyalelwe, kodwa ukusetshenziswa kabi noma isikhathi eside akuvamile ukuholela ekugqilazweni. Landela njalo imiyalelo kadokotela wakho futhi uthintane naye mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwayo.
• Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma ngiba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu? Funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba noma izinkinga zokuphefumula.
• Ingabe kuphephile ukusebenzisa i-Promethazine ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa? Xhumana nodokotela wakho, njengoba i-Promethazine ingase ingaphephile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ikakhulukazi ku-trimester yokuqala.

Amagama Omkhiqizo

I-Promethazine itholakala ngaphansi kwamagama emikhiqizo eminingana, okuhlanganisa:

• Phenergan
• I-Promethegan
• I-Phenadoz

Isiphetho

I-Promethazine umuthi ohlukahlukene osetshenziselwa ukwelapha izimo ezahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukungezwani komzimba, ukucasuka, kanye nesicanucanu. Nakuba inikeza izinzuzo ezibalulekile, kubalulekile ukuqaphela imiphumela emibi engaba khona, ukusebenzisana kwemithi, kanye ne-contraindications. Njalo xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngaphambi kokuqala noma yimuphi umuthi omusha ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uphephile futhi ufanele izidingo zakho zezempilo.