Impendulo eqondile
Ukuhlolwa kwe-SGPT (i-serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, manje evame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-ALT noma i-alanine aminotransferase) kulinganisa i-enzyme ekhishwa emaseli esibindini iye egazini lapho lawo maseli elimele. I-SGPT ephakanyisiwe ikhombisa ukucasuka kwamaseli esibindi, hhayi isifo esithile. I-SGPT evamile ayikhiphi isifo sesibindi, okuhlanganisa ne-cirrhosis.
Ukuthatha okhiye
- I-SGPT ne-ALT ziyivivinyo elifanayo: I-SGPT igama lelabhorethri elidala laseNdiya le-alanine aminotransferase.
- I-SGPT ikhombisa ukulimala kweseli lesibindi, hhayi imbangela yako: isibindi esinamafutha, i-hepatitis ebangelwa yigciwane, utshwala, imithi kanye nezithasiselo konke kungasibangela.
- I-SGPT evamile iyaqinisekisa kodwa ayiqinisekisi: i-fibrosis ethuthukisiwe kanye ne-cirrhosis kuvame ukuhamba nama-enzyme avamile noma acishe abe ajwayelekile.
- Inombolo yodwa ayisho luthoI-SGPT ihunyushwa kanye ne-SGOT (AST), i-ALP, i-GGT, i-bilirubin, i-albhamuin, inani lama-platelet kanye ne-imaging.
- Izinhlobo zokubhekisela ziyahlukahluka phakathi kwama-laboratory: funda njalo inani lakho uma liqhathaniswa nobubanzi obuphrintiwe embikweni wakho.
Nge-shazi
| Into | Imininingwane |
|---|---|
| Igama lokuhlola | I-SGPT / ALT (i-alanine aminotransferase) |
| Sample | Igazi, ngokuvamile elivela emthanjeni wengalo |
| Lokho okubonisayo | Ukulimala noma ukuvuza okuvela kumaseli esibindi (ama-hepatocytes) |
| Ngokuvamile i-oda njengoba | Ingxenye yephaneli yokuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesibindi (LFT), engavamile ukuba yodwa |
| Ukuzila | Akudingeki kwi-SGPT uqobo; ukuzila ukudla kungadingeka kwezinye izivivinyo ezihlanganiswe ku-draw efanayo, landela imiyalelo yelabhorethri yakho |
| Isikhathi sokukhipha igazi | Cishe imizuzu emi-5 kuya kweyi-10, kufaka phakathi ukubhaliswa kanye nokucindezela endaweni yokubhoboza |
| Ukubika | Amalabhorethri amaningi abika ngosuku olufanayo noma ngosuku olulandelayo; isikhathi sincike kuyunithi |
| Ibanga lesithenjwa | Ngokuqondene nelabhorethri kanye nendlela ethile; kuphrintiwe embikweni wakho |
Obeye aziwe njengo
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-ALT, i-alanine aminotransferase
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-SGPT, amazinga e-SGPT
- Ingxenye ye-"LFT", "ukuhlolwa kwesibindi", "iphrofayili yesibindi"
- Ngokuvamile eNdiya kucelwa "njengokuhlolwa kwe-enzyme yesibindi" noma "ukuhlolwa kwe-jaundice", i-SGPT ingenye yezingxenye zala maphaneli, hhayi lonke iphaneli
Kuyini ukuhlolwa kwe-SGPT
I-Alanine aminotransferase iyi-enzyme egxile ngaphakathi kwamaseli esibindi, enamanani amancane ezinso, enhliziyweni nasemisipheni yamathambo. Le enzyme isiza ukudlulisa amaqembu ama-amino ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwe-amino acid. Lapho amaseli esibindi evuvukala, ecindezelekile noma efa, i-alanine aminotransferase iyavuza futhi amazinga egazi ayakhuphuka.
Ngenxa yokuthi i-enzyme iqondene nesibindi, i-SGPT ingenye yezimpawu eziwusizo kakhulu zokulimala kwesibindi. Kodwa-ke, i-SGPT ilinganisa ukulimala , hhayi ukusebenza . Umsebenzi wokwenziwa kwesibindi ubonakala kangcono yi-albumin, isikhathi se-prothrombin/INR kanye ne-bilirubin.
Ubani okufanele athole lolu vivinyo
- Abantu abanezimpawu ezibonisa isifo sesibindi: i-jaundice, umchamo omnyama, indle ekhanyayo, isicanucanu esiqhubekayo, ukungakhululeki esiswini esingenhla kwesokudla, ukukhathala okungachazeki noma ukulunywa.
- Abantu abasebenzisa imithi eyaziwa ngokuthi ithinta isibindi: ukwelashwa okulwa nesifo sofuba, i-methotrexate, imithi ethile yokulwa nesifo sokuwa, imithi yokulwa namagciwane, imithi ethile yokulwa namagciwane kanye nama-antibiotic. Amashejuli okuqapha abekwa ngudokotela.
- Abantu abathatha amalungiselelo e-AYUSH, imikhiqizo yamakhambi noma izithasiselo zejimu/zokwakha umzimba: lezi ziyimbangela eyaziwayo yokulimala kwesibindi okubangelwa izidakamizwa eNdiya.
- Abantu abanezici eziyingozi ze-metabolic: isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, i-dyslipidemia, ukukhuluphala kwamafutha okuphakathi. Abantu baseNingizimu Asia bathola isifo sesibindi esishintshashintshayo ngesisindo somzimba esiphansi kunezinye izizwe eziningi.
- Abantu abaziwayo noma okusolwa ukuthi bane-hepatitis B noma C, njengengxenye yokuqapha okunqunywe udokotela wesibindi noma udokotela.
- Abantu abaphuza utshwala njalo noma ngokweqile.
- Abantu abanesifo sesibindi esinamafutha esingalindelekile ku-ultrasound.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-SGPT okuvamile kumuntu ophilile ngokuphelele ongenazo izici eziyingozi akukhuthazwa yibo bonke abantu; kuvame ukufakwa emaphaketheni okuhlolwa kwezempilo eNdiya, futhi ukukhubazeka okuncane okuhlukile kuleyo ndawo kudinga ukuchazwa okunengqondo kunokwethuka.
Kungani kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kwe-SGPT
- Ukuthola ukulimala kweseli yesibindi uma kukhona izimpawu noma izinto eziyingozi.
- Ukusiza ekuchazeni inkinga yesibindi: iphethini ye-SGPT uma iqhathaniswa ne-ALP kanye ne-GGT isiza ukuhlukanisa ukulimala kwesibindi nezinkinga ze-cholestatic (ukugeleza kwe-bile).
- Ukuqapha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi: izitayela ezivivinyweni eziphindaphindwayo zinolwazi oluningi kunokufundwa okukodwa.
- Ukuqapha ukuphepha kwezidakamizwa ngesikhathi sokwelashwa okungathinta isibindi.
- Ukulandelela impendulo ezimweni ezifana ne-hepatitis ebangelwa yigciwane engapheli noma i-hepatitis yokuzivikela komzimba, kanye nezinye izivivinyo.
Lokho ukuhlolwa kwe-SGPT okungenakukuthola noma okungakubandakanyi
Lena yingxenye imibiko eminingi engayishiyi, futhi ibaluleke kakhulu kunenombolo uqobo lwayo.
- I-SGPT ayikwazi ukukutshela imbangela. I-hepatitis ebangelwa yigciwane, isifo sesibindi esishintshashintshayo, utshwala, imithi, izithasiselo, i-hepatitis yokuzivikela komzimba, isifo se-celiac, isifo se-thyroid kanye nokulimala kwemisipha konke kungakhuphula i-SGPT.
- I-SGPT ayikwazi ukukhipha isifo sokuqina kwesibindi noma i-fibrosis ethuthukile. Amazinga e-enzyme avame ukwehla abe ngokwejwayelekile njengoba amaseli esibindi athuthukayo futhi asebenzayo elahleka. I-SGPT evamile ayibufakazi bokuthi isibindi siphilile.
- I-SGPT ayikwazi ukuhlukanisa amafutha noma i-fibrosis. Ayisho lutho ngokuthi ingakanani i-steatosis, ukuvuvukala noma izibazi ezikhona. Lokho kudinga izithombe, i-elastography, amaphuzu angahlaseli noma ngezinye izikhathi i-biopsy.
- I-SGPT ayikwazi ukubona umdlavuza wesibindi noma ubuningi besibindi. I-carcinoma ye-hepatocellular ingenzeka ngama-enzyme avamile. Kudingeka izithombe.
- I-SGPT ayikwazi ukukala ukusebenza kwesibindi. Isibindi esihluleka ukukhiqiza amaprotheni noma ukususa i-bilirubin singase sibonise ukuphakama okuncane kwama-enzyme.
- I-SGPT ayikwazi ukuvimbela ukuvinjelwa kwe-bile duct noma isifo se-gallstone. I-ALP, i-GGT, i-bilirubin kanye ne-ultrasound kuyaphendula lowo mbuzo.
- I-SGPT ayiyona eyesibindi kuphela. Ukulimala kwemisipha yamathambo, ukuvivinya umzimba okunzima kanye nezinye izinkinga zemisipha kungayikhulisa ngaphandle kwesifo sesibindi.
Umphumela obikwe njengojwayelekile usho ukuthi i-enzyme ayizange ikhuliswe kuleyo sampula ngaleso sikhathi. Akusho ukuthi isifo sesibindi asisekho. Uma izimpawu zakho ziqhubeka naphezu kwe-SGPT evamile, buyela kudokotela wakho kunokuba ucabange ukuthi isibindi sesiphelile.
Ukuhlolwa okuhlobene kodwa okuhlukile
| test | Umbuzo uyaphendula | Indlela ehluke ngayo ku-SGPT |
|---|---|---|
| I-SGOT / AST | Ingabe kukhona ukulimala kwesibindi, futhi ingabe kukhona iphethini ehlobene nemisipha noma utshwala? | Isibindi asihlukile kakhulu kune-SGPT; sitholakala nasemisipheni yenhliziyo neyamathambo. Isilinganiso se-AST:ALT esingaphezu kuka-2 senza kube nokusolakala kokulimala kwesibindi okuhlobene notshwala; isilinganiso esikhulayo singahambisana nokukhula kwe-fibrosis. |
| I-ALP (i-alkaline phosphatase) | Ingabe kukhona inkinga yokugeleza kwenyongo noma yethambo? | I-Cholestatic kune-hepatocellular marker. Iphakeme kakhulu emzimbeni ezinganeni ezikhulayo kanye nasekukhulelweni. |
| I-GGT | Ingabe i-ALP ephakanyisiwe ivela esibindini noma esihlahleni senyongo? | Kuzwela kodwa akucaci; kukhuphuka notshwala nemithi eminingana. |
| I-Bilirubin | Kungani isiguli sinesifo sohudo? | Kukala ukuphathwa kombala, hhayi ukulimala kwamangqamuzana. Kungakhuliswa ku-Gilbert syndrome kanye ne-hemolysis nge-SGPT evamile. |
| I-Albumin, INR/isikhathi se-prothrombin | Isibindi sisebenza kahle kangakanani ngempela? | Amamaki omsebenzi wangempela; i-SGPT ayinjalo. |
| Iphaneli ye-LFT | Isithombe sesibindi sisonke | I-SGPT ingumugqa owodwa ngaphakathi kwaleli phaneli. I-SGPT eyodwa ehlukanisiwe ayivamile ukwanele. |
| Isisu se-USG (i-sonography) | Ingabe kukhona amafutha, ubuningi, ukuvuleka kwemisele noma amatshe enyongo? | Isakhiwo, hhayi amakhemikhali. Ukuhlolwa kwesibindi okunamafutha nge-ultrasound kuyachaza futhi kuncike ku-opharetha. |
| I-Elastography (yesikhashana noma ye-shear-wave) | Ingabe kukhona ukuqina kwesibindi okubonisa i-fibrosis? | Ihlola ukuqina, okuyinto i-SGPT engenakukwazi ukuyenza. I-elastography yesikhashana kanye ne-shear-wave kuyizindlela ezahlukene ezinemingcele ehlukene futhi azikwazi ukushintshaniswa. |
| I-Hepatitis B kanye ne-C serology | Ingabe kukhona igciwane elithile? | Ukuhlolwa kwe-etiological. I-SGPT ayikwazi ukubona igciwane. |
Akukho ukuhlolwa okukodwa "okukuqala" emhlabeni wonke. Uma inkinga ekhona iyi-jaundice, i-bilirubin kanye ne-biliary ultrasound kuvame ukuhola. Uma inkinga isibindi esinamafutha esingahleliwe esinengozi yokuguqulwa kwe-metabolic, ama-enzyme kanye ne-fibrosis kuholela ekuhlolweni kwengozi. Uma inkinga ilungile, ubuhlungu obubonisa amatshe enyongo, ama-ultrasound kuholela.
Ungalungiselela kanjani
Imiyalelo yokulungiselela iyasebenza futhi iyahluka phakathi kwama-laboratories nezibhedlela. Imiyalelo ebhaliwe yelabhorethri yakho iza kuqala kunanoma yini ekuleli khasi.
- Ukuzila ukudla: I-SGPT ngokuvamile ayidingi ukuzila ukudla. Ukuzila ukudla kungadingeka uma iphrofayili yamafutha noma i-glucose yokuzila ukudla idonswa ngesikhathi esifanayo.
- Imithi nama-supplements: Letha uhlu oluphelele, okuhlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-paracetamol, ukwelashwa okulwa nesifo sofuba, ama-statin, ama-antibiotic, ama-painkiller, amalungiselelo e-AYUSH kanye namakhambi, izimpushana zamaprotheni kanye nezithako zokudla ejimini. Ungayeki noma yimuphi umuthi onikezwe udokotela ukuze "uthuthukise" umphumela, khuluma nodokotela kuqala.
- Utshwala: Tshela udokotela wakho ngokuthatha kwakho utshwala muva nje kunokukufihla; ukuphuza utshwala muva nje kuthinta incazelo yalo.
- Ukuzivocavoca okunzima: Izikhathi zokuzivocavoca ezisindayo noma ukugijima isikhathi eside ngosuku olulodwa noma ezimbili ezandulele kungakhuphula i-SGPT kanye ne-SGOT. Yisho, bese ucabanga ukugwema ukuzivocavoca okunzima kakhulu kusengaphambili.
Uma unesifo sikashukela ekwelashweni kokwehlisa i-glucose
Uma kucelwe ukuzila ukudla kwezinye izivivinyo ngesikhathi esifanayo, buza udokotela okunikeza imithi ukuthi ungasibala kanjani isikhathi se-insulin noma i-sulfonylureas, futhi uphathe umthombo weglucose. Ukuzila ukudla isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokuqashwa kule mithi kungabangela i-hypoglycemia.
Uma ukhulelwe
Akudingeki ukuzila ukudla nge-SGPT. Tshela ilabhorethri ukuthi ukhulelwe, njengoba imiphumela eminingana ephanelini ihunyushwa ngendlela ehlukile ekukhulelweni.
Uma une-CKD, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo noma uketshezi oluncishisiwe
Ungandisi umthamo woketshezi oludlula umkhawulo wakho onqunyiwe njengeseluleko esijwayelekile "sokumanzisa". Landela umkhawulo obekwe yithimba lakho lokwelapha.
Izingane
Ukuthathwa kwegazi kwezingane kusebenzisa amavolumu amancane kanye nezindawo zokubhekisela ezinganeni. Ukuzila ukudla isikhathi eside akufaneleki ezinganeni ezincane ngaphandle kokuthi kuqondiswe udokotela wezingane ngokuqondile.
Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa nokuthi kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani
Udokotela we-phlebotomist uhlanza isikhumba, afake i-tourniquet futhi akhiphe isampula yegazi elincane, ngokuvamile elivela emthanjeni osesandleni. Ukudonsa ngokwako kuthatha isikhathi esingaphansi komzuzu. Kubandakanya ukubhaliswa, ukuvakasha kuvame ukuba yimizuzu emi-5 kuya kweyi-15. Ukucindezela kubanjelwa endaweni bese kufakwa ibhandeji elincane.
Iningi lemiphumela ye-SGPT ekhishwa amalabhorethri itholakala ngosuku olufanayo noma olulandelayo lokusebenza, njengoba ukuhlolwa kuyinto evamile ezenzakalelayo. Ukushintsha okuqondile kuncike kuyunithi, izikhathi zokuqeda ukuqoqwa kanye nokuthi ngabe isampula ithathwe esikhungweni sokuqoqwa noma elabhorethri eyinhloko.
Ukuqonda umbiko wakho we-SGPT
I-SGPT ibikwa ngamayunithi ngelitha (U/L) noma amayunithi aphesheya ngelitha (IU/L). Amabanga okubhekisela ayahlukahluka ngendlela yokuhlola, ilebhu, ubulili kanye nobudala, kanti amanye amalebhu asebenzisa imikhawulo ephezulu ephansi kuneminye. Sebenzisa ububanzi obuphrintiwe embikweni wakho. Ungaqhathanisi inani lakho nobubanzi obuvela elebhu ehlukile noma iwebhusayithi.
Izimiso ezibanzi udokotela wakho azisebenzisayo:
- Ukuphakama okuphansi: isifo sesibindi esivame ukuba yisifo se-metabolic (amafutha), utshwala, imithi noma izithasiselo. Ngokuvamile kuphathwa ngokuhlonza imbangela, ukuhlolwa okuphindaphindiwe kanye nokuhlolwa kwengozi ye-fibrosis.
- Ukuphakama okuphawuliwe: kuphakamisa amathuba okuba ne-hepatitis ebangelwa yigciwane (kufaka phakathi i-hepatitis A kanye ne-hepatitis E, zombili ezivame eNdiya), ukulimala kwesibindi okubangelwa izidakamizwa, ukulimala kwe-ischemic noma i-hepatitis yokuzivikela komzimba. Lokhu kudinga ukuhlolwa okusheshayo kwezokwelapha.
- Iphethini ibaluleke kakhulu kunesibalo esisodwa: I-SGPT dominant iphakamisa ukulimala kwesibindi; i-ALP kanye ne-GGT dominant iphakamisa inqubo ye-cholestatic.
- Imfashini ibalulekile: Ukuwa kwe-SGPT esigulini esiwohloka ngokwempilo akuyona izindaba ezinhle ngempela.
- Inani eliphakeme kakhulu lama-SGPT ngokuvamile akuyona into ekhathazayo ngokwezokwelapha ngokwayo.
Izinombolo ezithile ezifana no-75, 90, 110 noma 200 U/L azikwazi ukubhekwa njengezincane noma "ezibucayi" uma zihlukaniswe zodwa. Inani elifanayo linencazelo ehluke kakhulu kumuntu onesifo somkhuhlane kanye ne-jaundice yezinsuku ezimbili, kumuntu othola ukwelashwa kwe-anti-tubercular, nakumuntu ongenazimpawu onesibindi esinamafutha ku-sonography. Udokotela ocele ukuhlolwa kuphela, ngomlando wakho, ukuhlolwa kanye nalo lonke iphaneli, ongakuchaza. Imiphumela iyahlukahluka kuye ngezimo zomtholampilo ngazinye.
Inothi lokuqanjwa kwamagama: lokho okwakubizwa ngokuthi i-NAFLD manje sekubizwa ngokuthi i-MASLD (isifo sesibindi esihlobene nokungasebenzi kahle kwe-metabolic), i-NASH manje isiyi -MASH , igama eliyinhloko liyisifo sesibindi esibizwa ngokuthi i-steatotic , kanti i-MetALD ichaza iminikelo ehambisanayo ye-metabolic kanye ne-alcohol (i-multi-society Delphi consensus, 2023). Imibiko emidala ingase isasebenzisa amagama angaphambilini.
Uma imiphumela ye-SGPT ingadukisa
Izimbangela ze-SGPT ephakanyisiwe ngamanga noma ngokudukisayo
- Ukuzivocavoca okunzima noma ukulimala kwemisipha: imisipha yamathambo iqukethe i-alanine aminotransferase; ukuqeqeshwa okujulile, ukuwa noma umjovo we-intramuscular kungayiphakamisa ngaphandle kwesifo sesibindi.
- Ukususwa kwe-hemolysis yesampula ngesikhathi sokuqoqwa noma ukuthuthwa kungaphazamisa abahlaziyi abaningana.
- Ukuphuza utshwala muva nje noma isithasiselo esisha kungase kubangele ukwanda kwesikhashana okuxazululeka ekuhlolweni okuphindaphindiwe.
- Isifo se-Coeliac, izinkinga ze-thyroid kanye nesifo semisipha kungadala ukuphakama okuncane okuqhubekayo okuphambaniswe nesifo sesibindi esiyinhloko.
Izimbangela ze-SGPT eqinisekisayo ngamanga noma ephansi ngamanga
- I-cirrhosis eqinisekisiwe: ama-enzyme avame ukuguquguquka njengoba isisindo se-hepatocyte sehla, ngakho-ke i-SGPT evamile ingase ihambisane nesifo esithuthukile.
- I-hepatitis B noma C engapheli esigabeni sokungasebenzi: ama-enzyme avamile naphezu kokutheleleka okuqhubekayo kanye ne-fibrosis engaba khona.
- Isifo esishintshashintshayo: ama-enzyme ku-hepatitis engapheli kanye ne-MASLD ayakhuphuka futhi ehle, ngakho-ke inani elilodwa elijwayelekile lingase lehle efasiteleni elithule.
- Ukuntuleka kwe-Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) kanye ne-dialysis engapheli kunganciphisa umsebenzi olinganisiwe.
- Imikhawulo ephezulu yokuhlolwa okuhlukile: amanye amalabhorethri asebenzisa izindlela zokunciphisa eziphezulu, ngakho-ke inani elimakwe njengelijwayelekile kwelinye ilabhorethri lingase limakwe njengeliphezulu kwelinye.
Izingozi nokuphepha
Ukuthatha isampula yegazi lemithambo yegazi
Ukubhoboza igazi njalo kunezingozi eziphansi kodwa zangempela: ubuhlungu besikhashana, ukudumba, ikhanda elikhanyayo noma ukuquleka, futhi akuvamile ukuba ne-hematoma encane noma ukutheleleka kwendawo. Abantu abasebenzisa imithi yokuvimbela ukugabha kwegazi noma abanezinkinga zokopha bangase bavuvuke kakhulu futhi kufanele batshele udokotela we-phlebotomist.
Ukuthatha amasampula e-capillary noma ezingane
Ukuthatha isampula ngesithende noma ngomunwe ezinsaneni nasezinganeni ezincane kubangela ukungakhululeki okwesikhashana kanye nokuklwebheka okuncane; amasampula amancane, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kudingeka ukudonswa okuphindaphindwayo uma isampula inganele noma ingenawo umoya.
Akukho ukungafani, imisebe noma ukudambisa okuhilelekile ekuhlolweni kwe-SGPT.
Amafulege abomvu
Funa ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo manje
- Ukudideka, ukudideka, ukozela, ukukhuluma okungacacile noma ukuziphatha okungajwayelekile kumuntu onesifo sesibindi esaziwayo noma okusolwayo
- Ukuhlanza igazi, noma indle emnyama ephuzile
- I-jaundice ejula ngokushesha enokuhlanza nokungakwazi ukugcina uketshezi luphansi
- Ukweqisa kakhulu i-paracetamol noma ukusolwa ukuthi ushevu, noma ngabe umuntu uzizwa kahle
- Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu obuhambisana nomkhuhlane kanye ne-jaundice
Hlela isibuyekezo sangosuku olufanayo
- I-jaundice entsha, umchamo omnyama noma indle ekhanyayo
- I-SGPT iphakanyisiwe kakhulu embikweni, ikakhulukazi ngesicanucanu, ukuhlanza noma ubuhlungu besisu esingaphezulu
- Ukuvuvukala kwesisu okusha noma ukuvuvuka kwemilenze okuya ngokuya kuba kubi kakhulu
- Ama-enzyme esibindi aphezulu ngenkathi usebenzisa ukwelashwa kwe-anti-tubercular, i-methotrexate noma umuthi noma isithasiselo esisanda kuqalwa, xhumana nodokotela ngosuku olufanayo.
- I-jaundice, ukulunywa, ubuhlungu besisu esingaphezulu noma ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa
Bhukha i-aphoyintimenti evamile
- I-SGPT ekhuliswe kancane kumuntu ozizwa kahle
- Isibindi esinamafutha sibikwe ku-sonography ngama-enzyme ajwayelekile noma akhuliswe kancane
- Imiphumela yomngcele ehlala isikhathi eside idinga ukuhlolwa okuphindaphindiwe kanye nokuhlolwa kwengozi ye-fibrosis
- Izimpawu eziqhubekayo naphezu kwe-SGPT evamile
Izimo ezikhethekile
ukukhulelwa
Izinguquko ezincane zingenzeka ekukhulelweni, kodwa ama-transaminase aphezulu akufanele athathwe njengento evamile yokushintsha ukukhulelwa. I-Intrahepatic cholestasis yokukhulelwa, i-pre-eclampsia ehilelekile esibindini, i-HELLP syndrome, i-hyperemesis gravidarum kanye ne-acute viral hepatitis (kufaka phakathi i-hepatitis E, engaba nzima ekukhulelweni eNdiya) konke kudinga ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa.
Izingane
Izigaba zokubhekisela ezinganeni ziyahlukahluka kwezigaba zabantu abadala. Ukuphakama okuqhubekayo enganeni kukhuthaza ukucatshangelwa kwezifo ze-metabolic, zofuzo, ze-autoimmune kanye nemisipha kanye nesifo sesibindi esibangelwa yi-steatotic, futhi kufanele kuhlolwe udokotela wezingane noma udokotela wezifo zamathumbu ezingane.
Abantu abadala abadala
I-Polypharmacy yenza ukulimala kwesibindi okubangelwa izidakamizwa kube nokwenzeka kakhulu. Ukwanda kwama-enzyme kungase kube kuncane ngisho nasezifweni ezinkulu, ngakho-ke izithombe kanye nezimpawu zomsebenzi zinesisindo esengeziwe.
Abantu abanesifo sikashukela
Isifo sesibindi esibizwa nge-steatotic sivame kakhulu kanye nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, futhi ingozi ye-fibrosis iphakeme. Amazinga e-enzyme awahambisani kahle ne-fibrosis, ngakho-ke ukuhlolwa kwe-fibrosis kuqondiswa udokotela okwelaphayo hhayi yi-SGPT kuphela.
Abantu abane-CKD noma abasebenzisa i-dialysis
Amazinga e-transaminase avame ukuba phansi kubantu abasebenzisa i-dialysis, ngakho-ke i-SGPT "ejwayelekile" ayiqinisekisi kangako, futhi kuvame ukusetshenziswa izindlela eziphansi zokuhlola okwengeziwe.
Abantu abanesifo senhliziyo
Ukuminyana kwesibindi kanye nezimo zokukhiqiza okuphansi kungakhuphula i-SGPT kanye ne-SGOT ngaphandle kwesifo sesibindi esiyinhloko. Isimo senhliziyo kumele sicatshangelwe ekuchazeni.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-SGPT kumongo waseNdiya
- Itemu: Amalabhorethri aseNdiya abika kabanzi I-SGPT futhi I-SGOT kune-ALT kanye ne-AST. Ukuhlolwa kuyafana; indlela yokuqamba amagama kuphela ehlukile. Zombili zivame ukuvela kuphrintiwe efanayo ye-LFT.
- I-Hepatitis A kanye ne-hepatitis E Kusalokhu kuyimbangela ebalulekile ye-hepatitis ebukhali enama-transaminases aphezulu eNdiya, ikakhulukazi kubantu abadala abasebasha, kanti i-hepatitis E inengozi eyengeziwe ekukhulelweni.
- Ukwelashwa okulwa nesifo sofuba kuyimbangela evamile yokulimala kwesibindi okubangelwa izidakamizwa uma kubhekwa umthwalo wesifo sofuba. Ukuqapha kanye nanoma yisiphi isinqumo somthamo kungokwadokotela owelaphayo, ungalokothi uyeke i-ATT wedwa.
- I-AYUSH, izithasiselo zemithi kanye nejimu kuyimbangela eyaziwayo futhi engabikwa kahle yokulimala kwesibindi eNdiya. Dalula konke okuthathayo, okuhlanganisa nemikhiqizo ethengiswa "njengemvelo" noma "ukuhlanza isibindi". Izimangalo zokuthi umkhiqizo welapha noma ubuyisela emuva isifo sesibindi nazo ziphambene noMthetho Wezidakamizwa Nemithi Yomlingo (Izikhangiso Ezingavunyelwe) ka-1954.
- Isifo sesibindi esithinta ukwakheka kwe-metabolism ku-BMI ephansi: Abantu baseNingizimu Asia bathuthukisa ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-metabolic kanye nesifo sesibindi esinama-steatotic emazingeni aphansi omzimba kanye nasesinqeni kunabantu abamhlophe baseYurophu, ngakho-ke ukwakheka "okubukeka kujwayelekile" akuyikhiphi i-MASLD.
- I-Haemoglobinopathy kanye ne-anemia yokuntuleka kwensimbi zivamile eNdiya. Lokhu akuthinti i-SGPT ngqo kodwa kuthinta ezinye izivivinyo ezivame ukuhlelwa ekuvakasheni okufanayo, njenge-HbA1c, okuthembekile kwayo kuncipha ku-thalassemia characteristics kanye nezinye izinhlobo ze-hemoglobin.
- Ukuvikelwa kwedatha: Uma ubhukha noma uthola imibiko ngengosi noma uhlelo lokusebenza oluku-inthanethi, idatha yakho yezempilo iyidatha yomuntu siqu ngaphansi koMthetho Wokuvikelwa Kwedatha Yomuntu Siqu Yedijithali, ka-2023.
Izindleko kanye nomshuwalense eNdiya
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuzimele kwe-SGPT/ALT kungenye yezivivinyo zegazi ezingabizi kakhulu ezitholakala eNdiya, futhi ngokuvamile kushibhile uma ku-odwa ngaphakathi kwephaneli ye-LFT kunanjengokuhlolwa okukodwa okungeziwe. Amanani ahluka kakhulu phakathi kwamadolobha, phakathi kwama-laboratory ezibhedlela nezikhungo zokuqoqa ezizimele, kanye naphakathi kwentengo yomuntu ngamunye neyamaphakheji. Noma yiliphi inani elicashunwe ku-inthanethi liyinkomba kuphela, qinisekisa inkokhelo yamanje ngqo nelabhorethri ngaphambi kokubhukha.
Izici ezithonya izindleko:
- Ukuthi i-SGPT i-odwa yodwa noma ngaphakathi kwephakheji ye-LFT noma yokuhlola impilo
- Ilabhorethri esesibhedlela uma kuqhathaniswa nochungechunge lokuxilonga oluzimele uma kuqhathaniswa nesikhungo sokuqoqa
- Idolobha nendawo
- Izindleko zokuqoqa ikhaya
- Ukucutshungulwa okuphuthumayo noma kwangemva kwamahora okusebenza
- Isimo sokugunyazwa kwelebhu
- Ukuthi ukuhlolwa kuyingxenye yohlelo lukahulumeni noma lomqashi
Umshwalense: izivivinyo zokuxilonga zesiguli sangaphandle ngokuvamile azimbozwa umshwalense wezempilo ojwayelekile ngaphandle kokuthi uxhumene nokwamukelwa noma umbozwe yi-OPD noma umgibeli wokuhlolwa kwezempilo. Uma ukuhlolwa kwenziwa ngesikhathi sokungeniswa esibhedlela okumboziwe, kuvame ukufakwa engxenyeni yophenyo. Hlola imigomo yenqubomgomo yakho kanye nezidingo zokugunyazwa kusengaphambili.
Izinganekwane namaqiniso
| Inganekwane | Iqiniso |
|---|---|
| I-SGPT evamile isho ukuthi isibindi siphilile. | I-cirrhosis, i-hepatitis B engapheli engasebenzi kanye ne-fibrosis ebalulekile konke kungenzeka nge-SGPT evamile. |
| I-SGPT ephezulu isho ukuthi ukulimala kwesibindi kuhlala njalo. | Izimbangela eziningi, okuhlanganisa ukusabela kwezidakamizwa, i-hepatitis ebangelwa yigciwane kanye nesifo sesibindi esibangelwa yi-steatotic, ziyashintsha noma ziyathuthuka uma imbangela ixazululwa. Imiphumela iyahlukahluka kuye ngezimo zomuntu ngamunye. |
| I-SGPT ikhuphuka kuphela ngotshwala. | Utshwala luyimbangela phakathi kweziningi. Isifo sesibindi esibangelwa ukwakheka kwezicubu zomzimba, amagciwane, imithi, izithasiselo, isifo sokuzivikela komzimba ngisho nokulimala kwemisipha kungasibangela. |
| Isiphuzo noma ijusi "lokususa ubuthi esibindini" kuzokwehlisa i-SGPT. | Akukho mkhiqizo wokuhlanza umzimba oye wabonakala ukwelapha izifo zesibindi, kanti eminye imikhiqizo yezitshalo kanye nezithasiselo ngokwazo zibangela ukulimala kwesibindi. Ukwelashwa kulungisa imbangela eyinhloko. |
| I-SGPT yama-200 ihlala isho isifo esibi kakhulu. | Ukubaluleka kuncike esithombeni somtholampilo, umkhuba kanye nalo lonke iphaneli. Kudinga ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo, hhayi ukuzichaza. |
| I-SGPT ne-SGOT ziyinto efanayo. | Ziyi-enzyme ezahlukene. I-SGPT iqondene kakhulu nesibindi; i-SGOT iphinde ibonise inhliziyo nemisipha. |
| Kumelwe uzile ukudla amahora angu-12 ukuze uthole isivivinyo se-SGPT. | I-SGPT ngokwayo ayidingi ukuzila ukudla. Imiyalelo yokuzila ukudla ivame ukuhlobana nezinye izivivinyo ezikudonsweni okufanayo futhi iyahlukahluka ngokwelabhorethri. |
Imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa
Ingabe i-SGPT iyafana ne-ALT?
Yebo. I-SGPT (i-serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase) yigama elidala le-alanine aminotransferase. Amalabhorethri aseNdiya avame ukuphrinta i-SGPT, kuyilapho imibiko yamazwe ngamazwe isebenzisa i-ALT. I-enzyme, ukuhlolwa kanye nencazelo yezokwelapha kuyafana, ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokuphinda ukuhlolwa uma umbiko wakho usebenzisa ilebula ehlukile.
Kusho ukuthini ukuthi i-SGPT ephezulu isho ukuthini?
I-SGPT ephezulu isho ukuthi amangqamuzana esibindi avuza i-enzyme, okubonisa ukucasuka noma ukulimala. Ayisho imbangela. Isifo sesibindi se-Steatotic, utshwala, imithi, izithasiselo, i-hepatitis ebangelwa amagciwane, i-hepatitis yokuzivikela komzimba kanye nokulimala kwemisipha konke kungenzeka. Udokotela wakho uhlanganisa inani nomlando wakho, ukuhlolwa, ezinye izivivinyo zesibindi kanye ngezinye izikhathi nokuthwebula izithombe.
Ingabe ngidinga ukuzila ukudla ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwe-SGPT?
I-SGPT ngokuvamile ayidingi ukuzila ukudla. Ukuzila ukudla kuvame ukucelwa ngoba iphrofayili yamafutha noma i-glucose yokuzila ukudla iqoqwa ngesikhathi esifanayo. Landela imiyalelo ebhaliwe evela elabhorethri yakho. Uma unesifo sikashukela emithini yokwehlisa ushukela, buza udokotela wakho ukuthi ungawubeka kanjani isikhathi somthamo ngaphambi kokuzila ukudla.
Ngizoyithola nini imiphumela yami ye-SGPT?
I-SGPT iyisivivinyo esizenzakalelayo esijwayelekile, futhi amalabhorethri amaningi ayabika ngosuku olufanayo noma olulandelayo lokusebenza. Isikhathi sangempela sincike ekunqunyweni kokuqoqwa kweyunithi yakho, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isampula icutshungulwa endaweni noma ithuthelwe elabhorethri eliphakathi, nokuthi ngabe kucelwe yini ukucubungula okuphuthumayo.
Ingabe i-SGPT ingatholakala ngokudla nokuzivocavoca kuphela?
Kuncike ngokuphelele esibangweni. Esifweni sesibindi esinamafutha, izinguquko eziqhubekayo endleleni yokudla kanye nomsebenzi womzimba zivame ukwehlisa ama-enzyme ngokuhamba kwezinyanga. Esifweni se-hepatitis esibangelwa yigciwane, i-hepatitis yokuzivikela komzimba noma ukulimala okubangelwa izidakamizwa, ukushintsha indlela yokuphila kuphela akwanele. Noma yiluphi ushintsho lomuthi kumele lunqunywe ngudokotela wakho.
Ingabe i-SGPT ingaba phezulu ngaphandle kwezimpawu?
Yebo, futhi lokhu kuvamile. I-SGPT ekhuliswe kancane ivame ukutholakala ngengozi kuphaneli yokuhlola impilo kumuntu ozizwa ephilile ngokuphelele. Ukungabikho kwezimpawu akwenzi umphumela ungabalulekile; ngokuvamile kusho ukuthi ukuhlolwa okuphindaphindiwe, ukusesha imbangela kanye nokuhlolwa kwengozi ye-fibrosis kufanelekile.
Yikuphi ukuhlolwa okungitshela ukuthi nginamanxeba esibindini?
I-SGPT ayikwazi ukuhlola i-fibrosis. Ukulinganisa ukuqina kwesibindi nge-elastography, amaphuzu e-fibrosis angangenisi kusetshenziswa amapharamitha egazi, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kusetshenziswa i-biopsy yesibindi. I-elastography yesikhashana kanye ne-shear-wave kuyizindlela ezihlukile ezinemingcele ehlukene, futhi ukukhetha kwenziwa udokotela wakho okwelaphayo.
Kungani i-SGPT yami iphezulu ngemva kokujima?
Imisipha yamathambo iqukethe i-alanine aminotransferase, ngakho-ke ukuqeqeshwa okunzima kokumelana, izikhathi zokukhuthazela isikhathi eside noma ukulimala kwemisipha kungakhuphula i-SGPT kanye ne-SGOT ngaphandle kwesifo sesibindi. Ama-powder ephrotheni kanye nezithasiselo zangaphambi kokuzivocavoca nazo zingaba negalelo. Tshela udokotela wakho ngokuqeqeshwa kwakho kanye nezithasiselo ngaphambi kokuba kuhlelwe ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kwesibindi.
Ingabe i-SGPT kufanele ihlolwe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?
I-SGPT ihlolwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa uma kukhona i-jaundice, ukulunywa, ubuhlungu besisu esingaphezulu, ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo, umfutho wegazi ophakeme noma okusolwa ukuthi yi-pre-eclampsia. Ama-transaminase aphezulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa awabhekwa njengoshintsho olujwayelekile lomzimba futhi adinga ukuhlolwa kokubeletha, njengoba izimo ezifana ne-cholestasis yokukhulelwa kanye ne-HELLP syndrome zidinga ukuphathwa ngesikhathi.
Imithombo
- URinella ME nabanye. Isitatimende sokuvumelana se-Multi-society Delphi mayelana nokuqamba amagama amasha ngesifo sesibindi esinamafutha (esiletha i-SLD, i-MASLD, i-MASH kanye ne-MetALD), 2023.
- Isiqondiso sezokwelapha se-American College of Gastroenterology: ukuhlolwa kwamakhemikhali esibindi angajwayelekile.
- Iziqondiso zezokwelapha ze-European Association for the Study of the Liver mayelana nokulimala kwesibindi okubangelwa izidakamizwa kanye nokuhlolwa okungangenisi uhlaselo lokuhlola ubukhali besifo sesibindi.
- Amaphepha eqiniso e-World Health Organisation nge-hepatitis A, B, C kanye no-E.
- Izitatimende zokuvumelana ze-Indian National Association for Study of the Liver (INASL) ngokulimala kwesibindi okubangelwa izidakamizwa kanye nesifo sesibindi esibangelwa yi-metabolic/steatotic ezigulini zaseNdiya.
- I-Central TB Division, uMnyango Wezempilo kanye Nenhlalakahle Yomndeni, isiqondiso sokuqapha ubuthi besibindi ngesikhathi sokwelashwa nge-tubercular.
- UMthetho Wezidakamizwa Nemithi Yomlingo (Izikhangiso Ezingaphikiswa), 1954; UMthetho Wokuvikelwa Kwedatha Yomuntu Siqu Yedijithali, 2023.
