I-leukemia

I-leukemia wuhlobo lomdlavuza wegazi osongela ukuphila oludinga ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi nokwelashwa. Ngezansi iphrofayili yecala elifushane ukuze usiqonde kangcono lesi sifo.

Intombazane eneminyaka eyishumi nesishiyagalolunye ilethwe engozini yethu esibhedlela sase-Apollo, eNavi Mumbai, ekuqaleni kukaDisemba 2020 ngabazali bayo benezikhalo zokuthi intombazane ibilokhu inezinhlungu ezinzima zamalunga kanye nomkhuhlane ongapheli emasontweni amabili edlule. Ubuye waba neziqephu eziningi zokuhlanza ezinsukwini ezi-3-4 ezedlule. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le ntombazane inezinsuku eziyisishiyagalombili zokuya esikhathini. Lapho ehlolwa, watholakala ephaphatheka futhi ebukeka ekhathele. Wayenokuvuvukala okuphathekayo entanyeni kanye namabala abomvu e-petechial ezithweni zakhe ezingezansi. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi lakhe okuyisisekelo kwabonisa i-hemoglobin ephansi (i-anemia enzima), isibalo esiphansi samaplatelet (thrombocytopenia) kanye nesibalo samangqamuzana amhlophe aphezulu kakhulu (i-leukocytosis). Ukubheka ngokushesha i-peripheral smear ku-microscope elabhorethri kwaphakamisa izinsolo ze-leukemia engaphansi (umdlavuza wegazi). I-leukemia iwumdlavuza wegazi ngenxa yokuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo futhi iholela ekukhuleni okuphawulekayo nokungajwayelekile kwamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi; lokhu kuvimbela ukukhula nokuthuthukiswa kwamangqamuzana egazi avamile emnkantsheni wamathambo. Lawa maseli egazi awawavumeli amanye amangqamuzana egazi (amangqamuzana egazi abomvu namaplatelet) ukuba akhule futhi asebenze, okuholela ekulahlekelweni kwegazi kanye ne-thrombocytopenia ezigulini ezinjalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinga elingavamile ezikhula ngalo libangela ukwanda kwemigodi yamathambo futhi ngaleyo ndlela kubangele ukungakhululeki kwamathambo nobuhlungu lezi ziguli ezikhona. Njengoba ama-WBC engamaseli omzimba alwa nokutheleleka, ukungajwayelekile kwawo kuthinta amasosha omzimba esiguli, okuholela ekhonweni elikhubazekile lokulwa nezifo. Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile, umkhuhlane ophezulu ezigulini ezinjalo ngokwengxenye ubangelwa izimo eziba khona ngenxa yokukhubazeka kwamasosha omzimba.

Siphinde sahlola lesi siguli ngokuhlolwa kwe-biopsy yomnkantsha ngokuhlolwa kwamangqamuzana amaningi futhi saqinisekisa ukutholakala kwe-acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (YONKE). Isiguli sangeniswa ewodini elihlala sodwa esibhedlela i-Apollo, futhi kwaqalwa ukwelashwa. Welashwa i-induction chemotherapy amasonto ayi-8, kwalandelwa izinyanga ezimbili zokwelashwa okuhlanganisayo. Ukwakheka kwakhe kofuzo kuqinisekise ubungozi obukhulu BONKE, wabe eseqhubeka nokufakelwa i-stem cell yengane yakubo ezibhedlela zase-Apollo, eNavi Mumbai. Uneminyaka engu-1 ngemva kokufakelwa futhi usexole ngokuphelele, wenza kahle futhi uqapha njalo. Ujoyine ikolishi lakhe futhi uphishekela izifundo ezengeziwe ukuze aqedele imfundo yakhe.

Nakuba ingavamile kuwo wonke umdlavuza, i-leukemia ingahlukaniswa ibe i-leukemia eyingozi futhi engapheli.

I-leukemia engapheli ihlanganisa

· I-Chronic Myeloid leukemia

· I-Chronic Lymphocytic leukemia

I-acute leukemias ihlanganisa

· I-acute myeloid leukemia,

· I-Acute Promyelocytic leukemia

I-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T cell, B cell)

• Amanye ama-leukemia axubile

Zimbalwa izimpawu eziyisixwayiso zokusola isifo se-hematological: Lezi zimpawu zibaluleke kakhulu lapho ziboniswa zihlangene njengoba izimbangela ezivame kakhulu zingabandakanya i-viral fever, isifo sofuba, ukuphazamiseka kwe-autoimmune njll.

- Umkhuhlane oqhubekayo ukhuphuka ngokuncipha kwesisindo

– Ukukhuphuka ngokushesha kwamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi

– Ukuvuvukala kwentamo noma igroin entsha

- I-splenomegaly enkulu ebangela ukungakuthandi ukudla kanye nokuncipha kwesisindo

- Ukulimaza okulula ngenxa yamaplatelet aphansi noma amaprotheni angasebenzi kahle.

- Umlando oqinile womndeni we-leukemia

I-leukemias idinga ukuxilongwa ngesikhathi ukuze kube nemiphumela emihle. Njengoba isikhathi eside sokwelashwa singayiqeda amandla ngokwezimali nangokomzwelo emindenini, imindeni eminingana enjalo ithola ukusekelwa ngezimali kuma-NGO kanye nezinye izinhlangano ezimbalwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iziguli kanye nemindeni yazo zidinga ukwesekwa okuningi kwezenhlalo nangokwengqondo ukuze zidlule kulezi zikhathi ezinzima. Ngakho-ke, uphiko oluphelele lwe-Haematology/Oncology ludinga ithimba lochwepheshe nodokotela beHematology noma Oncologists, ithimba lezifo ezithathelwanayo, abahlengikazi be-oncology, ibhange legazi elisebenza ngokugcwele, ibhekhaphu enhle yeyunithi labagula kakhulu, osonhlalakahle abazinikele, izazi zokusebenza kwengqondo futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, inhlangano ehleliwe. ekunakekelweni komdlavuza.

Okufakiwe ngu UDkt. Punit Jain, Umxhumanisi, Udokotela Wokufakelwa Kwegazi Lomnkantsha, I-Apollo Cancer Centres, Navi Mumbai