selenium

Isingeniso: Kuyini i-Selenium?

I-Selenium iyiminerali encane edlala indima ebalulekile emisebenzini eyahlukene yomzimba. Ibalulekile empilweni yomuntu, isebenza njenge-antioxidant enamandla esiza ukuvikela amaseli ekulimaleni. I-Selenium itholakala ekudleni okuhlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa amantongomane, okusanhlamvu, kanye nokudla kwasolwandle, futhi iyatholakala njengesengezo sokudla. Le minerali ibalulekile ekusebenzeni kahle kwesistimu yokuzivikela yomzimba, indlala yegilo, kanye nempilo yokuzala.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Selenium

I-Selenium inezindlela eziningana zokusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha ezivunyiwe, okuhlanganisa:

• Isengezo Sokudla Okunomsoco: I-Selenium ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuvimbela noma ukwelapha ukuntuleka kwe-selenium, okungaholela ezinkingeni ezahlukene zempilo.
• Impilo Yegilo: Isekela ukusebenza kwe-thyroid futhi ingasiza ekuphatheni izimo ezifana ne-Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
• Ukwesekwa Kwe-Antioxidant: I-Selenium yaziwa ngezakhiwo zayo zokulwa ne-antioxidant, ezingasiza ekunciphiseni ukucindezeleka kwe-oxidative emzimbeni.
• Usekelo Lwesistimu Yamasosha omzimba: Idlala indima ekuthuthukiseni izimpendulo zomzimba, okwenza kube wusizo empilweni iyonke.
• Ukuvimbela Umdlavuza: Ezinye izifundo zisikisela ukuthi i-selenium inganciphisa ingozi yomdlavuza othile, nakuba ubufakazi buxubile; izivivinyo ezinkulu ezifana ne-SELECT azibonisanga nzuzo kanye nomonakalo ongaba khona emaqenjini asengozini enkulu? Kudingeka ucwaningo olwengeziwe.

Isebenza kanjani?

I-Selenium isebenza ngokuyinhloko njenge-antioxidant. Isiza ekunciphiseni ama-free radicals - ama-molecule angazinzile angabangela umonakalo wamangqamuzana. Ngokwenza kanjalo, i-selenium ivikela amangqamuzana ekucindezelekeni kwe-oxidative, okuhlotshaniswa nezifo ezahlukahlukene ezingamahlalakhona, okuhlanganisa umdlavuza nesifo senhliziyo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-selenium iyisici sama-enzyme amaningana abalulekile, njenge-glutathione peroxidase, esiza ekususeni ubuthi ezintweni eziyingozi emzimbeni.

Isilinganiso nokuphathwa

Isilinganiso esijwayelekile se-selenium siyahlukahluka ngokuya ngobudala, ubulili, kanye nesimo sempilo. Kwabantu abadala, isabelo sokudla esinconywayo (RDA) singama-55 mcg/ngosuku. Qaphela: I-EU/EFSA isebenzisa ama-70 mcg/ngosuku; chaza umthombo uma kuqondene nesifunda (isb., eNdiya, i-ICMR ihambisana eduze nama-40 mcg/ngosuku).

Ezinganeni, umthamo umi kanje:

• Izinsana (izinyanga ezingu-0-6): 15 mcg (ukudla okwanele)
• Izingane (izinyanga ezingu-7-12): 20 mcg
• Izingane (iminyaka engu-1-3): 20 mcg
• Izingane (iminyaka engu-4-8): 30 mcg
• Izingane (iminyaka engu-9-13): 40 mcg (amantombazane), 55 mcg (abafana, ngokuvamile isilinganiso)
• Intsha (iminyaka engu-14-18): 55 mcg

I-Selenium inganikezwa ngezindlela ezahlukene, okuhlanganisa amaphilisi, ama-capsule, kanye nemijovo. Kubalulekile ukulandela izincomo zomhlinzeki wezempilo mayelana nomthamo kanye nokuphathwa.

Imiphumela Engemihle Ye-Selenium

Nakuba i-selenium ngokuvamile iphephile uma ithathwa ngobuningi obufanele, ingabangela imiphumela emibi, ikakhulukazi uma ithathwa ngemithamo ephezulu. Imiphumela emibi evamile ihlanganisa:

• I-nausea
• Uhudo
• Ukukhathala
• Ukulahlekelwa izinwele
• Iphunga elifana negalikhi emoyeni

Imiphumela emibi kakhulu ingase ihlanganise:

• I-Selenosis: ubuthi be-selenium, obungabangela izimpawu ezifana nokulahlekelwa izinwele, ukuphuka kwezinzipho, kanye nezinkinga zezinzwa.
• Ukusabela okweqile: njengokuqubuka, ukulunywa, noma ukuvuvukala.

Ukusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa

I-Selenium ingasebenzisana nemithi ethile kanye nezinto, okuhlanganisa:

• Ama-anticoagulant (isb., i-warfarin): Kungaba nemiphumela emincane; qapha i-INR kanye nengozi yokopha (ubufakazi abunamandla).
• Imithi Yokwelapha Nge-Chemotherapy (isb., i-cisplatin): Kunganciphisa ukusebenza kahle; gwema ukusebenzisa kanyekanye noma uxhumane nodokotela wezifo zomdlavuza (ukuphikisana okungenzeka).
• Ama-antibiotic (isb., i-penicillamine): Kunganciphisa ukumuncwa kwe-selenium.

Njalo yazisa umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngayo yonke imithi kanye nezithasiselo ozithathayo ukuze ugweme ukusebenzisana okungenzeka.

Izinzuzo ze-Selenium

Izinzuzo zezokwelapha nezisebenzayo zokusebenzisa i-selenium zifaka:

• Umsebenzi Othuthukisiwe Wamasosha omzimba: I-Selenium isekela amasosha omzimba, isiza umzimba ukulwa nezifo.
• Ukulawulwa Kwe-thyroid: Kuyasiza ekukhiqizweni kwama-hormone e-thyroid, abalulekile ekugayweni kwe-metabolism kanye namazinga amandla.
• Ukuvikelwa Kwe-Antioxidant: I-Selenium isiza ukuvikela amangqamuzana ekulimaleni kwe-oxidative, okungenzeka inciphise ingozi yezifo ezingamahlalakhona.
• Ukuvimbela Umdlavuza Okungenzeka: Ezinye izifundo zisikisela ukuthi amazinga anele e-selenium anganciphisa ingozi yomdlavuza othile.

Izimo ze-Selenium

Abantu abathile kufanele bagweme ukufaka i-selenium, okuhlanganisa:

• Abesifazane Abakhulelwe noma Abahlengikazi: Imithamo ephezulu (engaphezulu kuka-400 mcg/ngosuku) ingaba yingozi; i-RDA ikhuphuka ibe ngu-60 mcg/ngosuku ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa (NIH).
• Abantu abane-Allergies: Labo abangezwani ne-selenium noma izingxenye zayo kufanele bayigweme.
• Abantu abaneSifo Sesibindi: Qaphela uma unesifo sesibindi esibi ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwe-metabolism okungenzeka.

Ukuqapha Nezexwayiso

Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa i-selenium, cabanga ngezinyathelo zokuphepha ezilandelayo:

• Xhumana Nodokotela Wakho: Xoxa njalo nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngaphambi kokuqala i-selenium, ikakhulukazi uma unezinkinga zempilo eziyisisekelo noma uthatha eminye imithi.
• Ukuqapha Okuvamile: Uma uphuza i-selenium isikhathi eside, ukuhlolwa kwegazi njalo kungadingeka ukuze kuqashwe amazinga e-selenium.
• Imithombo Yezokudla: Lwela ukuthola i-selenium emithonjeni yokudla esikhundleni sezithasiselo ngaphandle kokuthi welulekwe ngenye indlela.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

• Yikuphi ukudla okune-selenium eningi? Ukudla okucebile nge-selenium kufaka phakathi amantongomane aseBrazil, ukudla kwasolwandle, amaqanda, kanye nokusanhlamvu okuphelele.
• Ngingayisebenzisa yini i-selenium uma ngikhulelwe? Xhumana nodokotela wakho; i-RDA ingu-60 mcg ngosuku, kodwa gwema ukweqisa.
• Ziyini izimpawu zokuntuleka kwe-selenium? Izimpawu zingase zihlanganise ukukhathala, ukusebenza komzimba okubuthakathaka, kanye nezinkinga ze-thyroid.
• Ingabe i-selenium iphephile ezinganeni? Yebo, ku-RDA efanele iminyaka; qapha ukuntuleka.
• Ingabe i-selenium ingasiza ekulahlekelweni izinwele? I-Selenium ingase isekele impilo yezinwele, kodwa ukudla ngokweqile kungaholela ekulahlekelweni izinwele.
• Ithathwa kanjani i-selenium? I-Selenium ingathathwa njengephilisi, i-capsule, noma umjovo, njengoba kuyalelwe umhlinzeki wezempilo.
• Kwenzekani uma ngithatha i-selenium eningi kakhulu? I-selenium eningi kakhulu ingaholela ku-selenosis, okubangela izimpawu ezifana nesicanucanu nokulahlekelwa izinwele.
• Ngingayisebenzisa yini i-selenium namanye amavithamini? Ngokuvamile, i-selenium ingathathwa namanye amavithamini kodwa xhumana nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole izincomo ezithile.
• Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukubona izinzuzo ze-selenium? Kuyahlukahluka; ukuthuthukiswa kwe-thyroid kungathatha izinyanga ezingu-3-6.
• Ingabe i-selenium iyasebenza ekuvimbeleni umdlavuza? Ezinye izifundo ziphakamisa ukuxhumana okungenzeka, kodwa akuqinisekisiwe; akukhuthazwa ukuvimbela kuphela - kudingeka ucwaningo olwengeziwe.

Amagama Omkhiqizo

Izinhlobo ezivamile kanye nezinhlobo zezithako ze-selenium (ukutholakala kuyahlukahluka; isibonelo, eNdiya: i-Selgin, amasachethi e-Selenium) afaka:

• I-SelenoExcell
• I-Selenium 200
• I-Selenomethionine
• I-Selenium Yendlela Yemvelo

Qaphela: Lezi yizinhlobo/imikhiqizo eqondene nomthamo, hhayi i-selenium emsulwa.

Isiphetho

I-Selenium iyiminerali ebalulekile edlala indima ebalulekile ekugcineni impilo iyonke. Izakhiwo zayo zokulwa ne-antioxidant, ukusekela umsebenzi we-thyroid, kanye nezinzuzo ezingaba khona zokuvimbela umdlavuza kuyenza ibe yisakhamzimba esibalulekile. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa i-selenium ngokuzibophezela, ukunamathela kumithamo enconyiwe kanye nokubonisana nabahlinzeki bezempilo ukuze uthole iseluleko esiqondene nawe. Ukuqonda indima ye-selenium emzimbeni kungasiza abantu ukuthi benze izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nempilo yabo kanye nokudla okunempilo.