Propofol - Uses, Dosage, Side Effects and More

I-Propofol iyisithako esinamandla sokubulala izinzwa esivame ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni zezokwelapha ukuze kukhuthazwe futhi kugcinwe ukudambisa ubuhlungu kanye nokubulala izinzwa. Iwuketshezi olucacile, olungenambala olufakwa ngemithambo yegazi. I-Propofol yaziwa ngokuqala kwayo ngokushesha kanye nokusebenza kwayo okufushane, okwenza kube ukukhetha okuthandwayo kwezinqubo ezahlukene zokuhlinzwa kanye nokuxilonga. Ibizwa ngokuthi 'ubisi lwe-anesthesia' ngoba i-lipid emulsion yayo iyinika ukubukeka okufana nobisi, okuwumphumela wokwakheka kwayo kwe-lipid emulsion.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Propofol

• Ukuqaliswa Nokugcinwa Kwe-Anesthesia: Isetshenziswa kabanzi ekuhlinzweni ukusiza iziguli ukuthi zihlale zingazi lutho futhi zingenabuhlungu.
• Ukupholisa Izinqubo: I-Propofol ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukudambisa ubuhlungu ngesikhathi sezinqubo ezifana ne-endoscopy noma ukuhlinzwa kwamazinyo.
• Ukuphumula kweYunithi Yokunakekelwa Okujulile (i-ICU): Isetshenziselwa ukuthulisa iziguli ezidinga ukuphefumula ngomshini noma ezithola ukunakekelwa okubucayi.
• Isimo Se-Epilepticus: I-Propofol ingasetshenziswa ezimweni ezingalapheki (ezingamelani nokwelashwa) ngaphansi kokuqashwa okuseduze ekunakekelweni okujulile ochwepheshe be-neurology noma be-anesthesiology.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Propofol

I-Propofol isebenza ngokuthuthukisa umsebenzi we-gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), i-neurotransmitter ebuchosheni evimbela umsebenzi wezinzwa. Ngokwandisa imiphumela ye-GABA, i-Propofol isiza ukuzola ubuchopho futhi ibangele isimo sokudambisa noma sokungazi. Le ndlela ivumela ukululama okusheshayo ngemva kokumiswa komuthi, okwenza kube kuhle kakhulu ezinqubweni zokulaliswa esibhedlela.

Isilinganiso nokuphathwa

Abantu abadala:

Umthamo ojwayelekile wokuqaliswa kokuhlinzwa kwe-anesthesia u-1.5?2.5 mg/kg ofakwa ngemithambo yegazi (IV). Ukuze kugcinwe, kungasetshenziswa ukumnika okuqhubekayo okungu-4?12 mg/kg/ihora.

Izingane:

Ezinganeni, umthamo wokungeniswa uvame ukuba ngu-2-3 mg/kg, futhi ukunakekelwa kungalungiswa ngokusekelwe empendulweni yengane kanye nenqubo.

Ukuphatha:

I-Propofol inikezwa ngomjovo we-intravenous noma ngokuyijova okuqhubekayo. Ayitholakali ngesimo sethebhulethi.

I-Propofol kumele inikezwe ochwepheshe bezempilo abaqeqeshiwe kuphela endaweni eqashwe ngokucophelela ngenxa yezingozi ezifana nokucindezeleka kokuphefumula kanye nomfutho wegazi ophansi (ukwehla komfutho wegazi). Izimpawu ezibalulekile ziqashelwa ngokucophelela ngesikhathi nangemva kokusetshenziswa.

Imiphumela Engemihle Ye-Propofol

Imiphumela emibi evamile ihlanganisa:

• Ukulala
• isiyezi
• I-nausea nokuhlanza
• Ubuhlungu esakhiweni somjovo

Imiphumela emibi kakhulu ingase ihlanganise:

• Ukucindezeleka kokuphefumula
• I-Hypotension (umfutho wegazi ophansi)
• Ukuphendula kwe-allergen
• Ukuboshwa kwe-cardiac

Ukusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa

I-Propofol ingasebenzisana nemithi eminingana, okuhlanganisa:

• Ama-opioid: Ukuthatha i-Propofol kanye nama-opioid kungabangela ukozela okwengeziwe noma ubunzima bokuphefumula.
• I-Benzodiazepines: Imithelela ethuthukisiwe yokulalisa.
• Iziphumuli zemisipha: Ukwanda kokuvinjelwa kwemisipha ye-neuromuscular.
• Ezinye izidakamizwa zokubulala izinzwa: Imiphumela eqongelelayo eholela ekwandeni kwengozi yezinkinga.

Izinzuzo zePropofol

• Ukuqala Okusheshayo Nokululama: Iziguli zivame ukuvuka ngokushesha ngemva kokumiswa kokumuncwa, okuvumela ukuphuma ngokushesha.
• Imiphumela Emincane Emincane: Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izidakamizwa zokubulala izinzwa, i-Propofol inemiphumela emibi embalwa kanye nezinga eliphansi lokucasuka.
• Ukusetshenziswa Okuhlukahlukene: Ingasetshenziswa ezinqubweni ezahlukahlukene, kusukela ekuhlinzeni okuncane kwangaphandle kuya ekuhlinzeni okukhulu okudinga i-anesthesia ejwayelekile.

Ukuphikisana kwe-Propofol

I-Propofol kufanele igwenywe kubantu aba:

• Zine-allergy ku-Propofol noma kunoma yiziphi izakhi zayo.
• Unezimo zokuphefumula ezinzima, njengalezo ezibangela ukuphazamiseka komoya noma ingozi enkulu yokucindezeleka kokuphefumula.
• Ukhulelwe noma uncelisa (sebenzisa kuphela uma izinzuzo zidlula izingozi futhi uqashwe ngokucophelela ngudokotela).
• Unesifo esibalulekile sesibindi noma senhliziyo.

Ukuqapha Nezexwayiso

Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa i-Propofol, iziguli kufanele zazise umhlinzeki wazo wezempilo ngalokhu okulandelayo:

• Noma yikuphi ukungezwani komzimba, ikakhulukazi amaqanda noma isoya, njengoba iPropofol iqukethe uwoyela wesoya.
• Imithi kanye nezithasiselo zamanje.
• Umlando wezinkinga zokuphefumula noma izimo zenhliziyo.

Ukuqapha njalo izimpawu ezibalulekile kubalulekile ngesikhathi nangemva kokuphathwa.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

• I-Propofol isetshenziselwani? I-Propofol isetshenziselwa ukudambisa ubuhlungu ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kanye nezinqubo, kanye nokugcina i-anesthesia.
• I-Propofol inikezwa kanjani? I-Propofol inikezwa ngomjovo we-intravenous (IV) noma ngokuyijova.
• Yiziphi imiphumela emibi ye-Propofol? Imiphumela emibi evamile ihlanganisa ukozela, isiyezi, kanye nesicanucanu. Imiphumela emibi emibi ingafaka phakathi ukucindezeleka kokuphefumula.
• Ngingadla ngaphambi kokuthatha i-Propofol? Iziguli zivame ukwelulekwa ukuthi zingadli noma zingaphuzi amahora amaningana ngaphambi kokuthatha i-Propofol.
• I-Propofol isebenza ngokushesha kangakanani? I-Propofol isebenza ngokushesha, ngokuvamile phakathi nemizuzwana engama-30 yokusetshenziswa.
• Ingabe i-Propofol iphephile ezinganeni? Yebo, i-Propofol ingasetshenziswa ngokuphephile ezinganeni, kodwa izilinganiso zilungiswa ngokusekelwe esisindweni kanye nobudala.
• Ngingakwazi yini ukushayela imoto ngemva kokuthatha i-Propofol? Cha, iziguli akufanele zishayele noma zisebenzise imishini okungenani amahora angama-24 ngemuva kokuthola i-Propofol.
• Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma ngiba nemiphumela engemihle? Yazisa umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nanoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi ephathelene nalokhu.
• Ingabe i-Propofol iyalutha? I-Propofol ayibhekwa njengomlutha, kodwa kufanele isetshenziswe kuphela ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela.
• Umphumela we-Propofol uhlala isikhathi esingakanani? Imiphumela ye-Propofol ivame ukuphela ngokushesha, ngokuvamile kungakapheli imizuzu embalwa ngemva kokuyeka ukumnika.

Amagama Omkhiqizo

Amanye amagama amakhulu emikhiqizo yePropofol afaka:

• I-Diprivan
• I-Fresenius Propofol
• I-Propofol Injectable Emulsion

Isiphetho

I-Propofol iyi-anesthetic esetshenziswa kabanzi eyaziwa ngokuqala kwayo ngokushesha kanye nephrofayili yayo yokululama. Isebenza kahle ekuthokoziseni ngesikhathi sezinqubo ezahlukene zezokwelapha kanye nokuhlinzwa. Nakuba inikeza izinzuzo eziningi, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa i-Propofol ngaphansi kokuqashwa kwezokwelapha ngenxa yemiphumela emibi engaba khona kanye nokusebenzisana neminye imithi. Njalo xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuze uthole iseluleko nolwazi oluqondene nawe mayelana ne-Propofol.