I-Methadone - Ukusetshenziswa, Isilinganiso, Imiphumela Engemihle Nokunye

I-Methadone umuthi we-opioid wokwenziwa osetshenziswa kakhulu ekwelapheni umlutha we-opioid nokuphatha ubuhlungu obungapheli. Umuthi osebenza isikhathi eside osiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu zokuhoxa kanye nezifiso kubantu abalulama ekubuthweni yi-opioid. I-Methadone iphinde inikezwe ukuqeda ubuhlungu ezimweni ezithile zezokwelapha, okwenza kube umuthi oguquguqukayo kokubili ekwelapheni umlutha kanye nokulawula ubuhlungu.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Methadone

I-Methadone inezindlela eziningana zokusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha ezivunyiwe, okuhlanganisa:

• Ukwelashwa Kokuncika kwe-Opioid: I-Methadone ivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokwelapha ezisizwa ngemithi (MAT) ukusiza abantu ukuba banqobe ukulutheka kuma-opioid afana ne-heroin noma ama-painkiller kadokotela. Iqinisa iziguli ngokunciphisa izimpawu zokuhoxa kanye nezifiso.
• Ukuphathwa Kobuhlungu Okungapheli: I-Methadone iyasebenza ekuphatheni ubuhlungu obukhulu obungapheli, ikakhulukazi ezigulini ezingase zingasabeli kahle kweminye imithi yobuhlungu. Ivame ukusetshenziswa ekuphatheni ubuhlungu bomdlavuza noma ezigulini ezinezimo zobuhlungu zesikhathi eside.

Indlela Esebenza

I-Methadone isebenza ngokubopha kuma-receptor e-opioid afanayo ebuchosheni njengamanye ama-opioid, kodwa yenza kanjalo ngendlela ekhiqiza umphumela omnene. Lokhu kusiza ukunciphisa ubuhlungu nokunciphisa izimpawu zokuhoxa ngaphandle kokuphakama okukhulu okuhlobene namanye ama-opioid. I-Methadone ihlala isikhathi eside, okusho ukuthi ihlala emzimbeni isikhathi eside, okuvumela ukuthi inikezwe umthamo omncane kanye nezinga elizinzile lemithi egazini.

Isilinganiso nokuphathwa

Umthamo we-methadone uyahlukahluka kuye ngesimo eselashwayo kanye nezici zesiguli ngasinye.

Ngokuthembela ku-opioid:

Umthamo wokuqala uvame ukusuka ku-10 kuya ku-30 ​​mg, kanye nokulungiswa okwenziwe ngokusekelwe empendulweni yesiguli. Imithamo yokunakekela ingasukela ku-60 kuya ku-120 mg ngosuku.

Ngezinhlungu Ezingapheli:

Umthamo wokuqala ungase ube ngaphansi, ngokuvamile cishe u-2.5 kuya ku-10 mg njalo emahoreni angu-8 kuya kwangu-12, kuye ngokuthi ubuhlungu bubuhlungu kangakanani kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-opioid kwesiguli kwangaphambilini.

I-Methadone inganikezwa ngezindlela ezahlukene, okuhlanganisa:

• Amathebhulethi: Kuthathwa ngomlomo, ngokuvamile kanye nokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla.
• I-Liquid: Isixazululo esingalinganiswa futhi sithathwe ngomlomo.
• Umjovo: Ilawulwa uchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo esimweni somtholampilo.

Imiphumela Engemihle yeMethadone

Imiphumela emibi evamile ye-methadone ihlanganisa:

• Ukulala
• I-nausea
• Ukuvota
• ukuqunjelwa
• Ukuphoqa

Imiphumela emibi kakhulu ingase ihlanganise:

• Ukucindezeleka kokuphefumula (ukuphefumula kancane noma okunzima)
• Izinkinga zesigqi senhliziyo
• Ukungezwani komzimba okukhulu
• Ukudlula umthamo ngokweqile, okungaba yingozi empilweni

Ukusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa

I-Methadone ingasebenzisana nemithi eminingana kanye nezinto, okuhlanganisa:

• I-Benzodiazepines: Ingozi eyengeziwe yokucindezeleka kokuphefumula.
• Ama-Antidepressants: Izinhlobo ezithile zingandisa amazinga e-methadone emzimbeni.
• Imithi ye-Antifungal: Kungathinta indlela i-methadone eguqulwa ngayo ibe yi-metabolism.
• Utshwala: Kungathuthukisa imiphumela yokudambisa ye-methadone, okwandisa ingozi yokudlula ngokweqile.

Ngaso sonke isikhathi wazisa umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo ngayo yonke imithi nezithako zokudla ozithathayo.

Izinzuzo zeMethadone

Izinzuzo zezokwelapha nezisebenzayo zokusebenzisa i-methadone zifaka:

• Ukuqina Kokwelashwa: I-Methadone inikeza izinga elizinzile lemithi, inciphisa ukuphakama nokwehla okuhlobene neminye imithi yama-opioid.
• Izifiso Ezincishisiwe: Kunciphisa ngempumelelo izifiso zeminye imithi yama-opioid, okusiza ekululameni.
• Imiphumela Ehlala Isikhathi Eside: Isigamu sayo sokuphila isikhathi eside sivumela ukunqunywa kanye ngosuku ezimweni eziningi, okuthuthukisa ukunamathela ekwelashweni.
• Ukulawula Ubuhlungu: I-Methadone iyindlela ewusizo kakhulu ezigulini ezinezinhlungu ezingapheli ezingase zingayibekezeleli eminye imithi yama-opioid.

Ukuphikisana kweMethadone

Abantu abathile kufanele bagweme i-methadone, okuhlanganisa:

• Abesifazane Abakhulelwe: I-Methadone ingathinta ukukhula kombungu futhi kufanele isetshenziswe kuphela uma kudingeka ngempela.
• Abantu Abanesifo Sesibindi Esibi: I-Methadone iyaguqulwa ibe yi-metabolism esibindini, futhi ukusebenza okungasebenzi kahle kungaholela ekwandeni kwamazinga emithi kanye nobuthi.
• Umlando Wezinto Ezingezwani Nezinto: Labo abaye baba nokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba ne-methadone noma eminye imithi yama-opioid akufanele bayisebenzise.

Ukuqapha Nezexwayiso

Ngaphambi kokuqala i-methadone, iziguli kufanele zihlolwe ngokucophelela, okuhlanganisa:

• Umlando Wezokwelapha: Xoxani nganoma yimuphi umlando wokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa, izinkinga zokuphefumula, noma izinkinga zesibindi.
• Ukuhlolwa Kwelebhu: Kungadingeka ukuqapha njalo ukusebenza kwesibindi kanye nesigqi senhliziyo.
• Ingozi Yokusebenzisa Imithi Engaphezu Kwesilinganiso: Iziguli kufanele zifundiswe ngezimpawu zokudlula ngokweqile kanye nokubaluleka kokunamathela emithini ebekiwe.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

• Isetshenziselwani i-methadone? I-Methadone isetshenziselwa ukwelapha umlutha we-opioid kanye nokuphatha ubuhlungu obungapheli.
• Ithathwa kanjani i-methadone? I-Methadone ingathathwa njengephilisi, uketshezi, noma umjovo, kuye ngohlelo lokwelashwa.
• Yimiphi imiphumela emibi ye-methadone? Imiphumela emibi evamile ihlanganisa ukozela, isicanucanu, kanye nokuqunjelwa. Imiphumela emibi emibi ingafaka phakathi ukucindezeleka kokuphefumula.
• Ingabe i-methadone ingaba umlutha? Yebo, i-methadone iyi-opioid futhi ingaba umlutha, kodwa isetshenziswa ezindaweni ezilawulwayo ukusiza ekulawuleni umlutha.
• I-methadone ihlala isikhathi esingakanani? I-Methadone iphila isikhathi eside, inikeza imiphumela engahlala amahora angama-24 noma ngaphezulu, okuvumela ukuthi ithathwe kanye ngosuku.
• Ingabe i-methadone iphephile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa? I-Methadone ingathinta ukukhula kombungu futhi kufanele isetshenziswe kuphela uma kudingeka futhi ngaphansi kokuqashwa ngudokotela.
• Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo? Uma uphuthelwa umthamo, thatha ngokushesha nje lapho ukhumbula, kodwa weqe uma sekuyisikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo. Ungawuphindi kabili.
• Ngingaphuza yini utshwala ngenkathi ngithatha i-methadone? Cha, utshwala bungandisa ingozi yemiphumela emibi kakhulu futhi kufanele bugwenywe.
• I-methadone isiza kanjani ngezimpawu zokuhoxa? I-Methadone isiza ekuqiniseni iziguli ngokunciphisa izifiso kanye nezimpawu zokuhoxa ezihlobene nokuthembela kuma-opioid.
• Yini okufanele ngiyixoxe nodokotela wami ngaphambi kokuqala i-methadone? Xoxa ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha, imithi yamanje, kanye nanoma yikuphi ukukhathazeka mayelana nokuba umlutha noma imiphumela emibi.

Amagama Omkhiqizo

I-Methadone itholakala ngaphansi kwamagama emikhiqizo eminingana, okuhlanganisa:

• I-Dolophine
• I-Methadose
• I-Pharmadone

Isiphetho

I-Methadone idlala indima ebalulekile ekwelapheni umlutha we-opioid kanye nokuphathwa kobuhlungu obungapheli. Izakhiwo zayo ezisebenza isikhathi eside kanye nekhono layo lokuzinzisa iziguli kuyenza ibe ithuluzi eliwusizo kokubili ekubuyiseleni umlutha kanye nokuqeda ubuhlungu. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa i-methadone ngaphansi kokuqashwa kwezokwelapha ngenxa yokuthi ingaba nemiphumela emibi kanye nokusebenzisana neminye imithi. Njalo xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuze uthole iseluleko esiqondene nawe kanye nezinketho zokwelapha.