I-Dextroamphetamine - Ukusetshenziswa, Isilinganiso, Imiphumela Engemihle Nokunye Okuningi

Isingeniso: Iyini i-Dextroamphetamine?

I-Dextroamphetamine umuthi onikezwa ngodokotela osetshenziswa kakhulu ukwelapha i-attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) kanye ne-narcolepsy. Ingokwesigaba semithi eyaziwa ngokuthi izikhuthazi, ezisebenza ngokuthinta amakhemikhali athile ebuchosheni anegalelo ekulawuleni i-hyperactivity kanye ne-impulse. I-Dextroamphetamine iwuhlobo olunamandla kakhulu lwe-amphetamine futhi yaziwa ngokusebenza kwayo kahle ekuthuthukiseni ukugxila, ukunaka, kanye nomsebenzi wokuqonda jikelele kubantu abatholakale benesifo i-ADHD.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Dextroamphetamine

I-Dextroamphetamine ivunyelwe ukusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha eziningana, okuhlanganisa:

• I-Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): Kuyasiza ukwandisa ukunaka nokunciphisa ukushesha kanye nokusebenza ngokweqile ezigulini ezine-ADHD.
• I-Narcolepsy: I-Dextroamphetamine isetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-narcolepsy, isifo sokulala esibonakala ngokulala ngokweqile emini kanye nokuhlaselwa ubuthongo ngokuzumayo.
• Ukukhuluphala: Kwezinye izimo, ingase inikezwe njengendlela yokwelapha ukukhuluphala kwesikhashana, nakuba lokhu kungavamile ngenxa yamandla ayo okusebenzisa kabi.

Indlela Esebenza

I-Dextroamphetamine isebenza ngokwandisa amazinga amakhemikhali athile (ama-neurotransmitter) ebuchosheni, ikakhulukazi i-dopamine kanye ne-norepinephrine. La makhemikhali adlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni imizwa, ukunaka, kanye nokuziphatha. Ngokuthuthukisa umsebenzi walezi zi-neurotransmitter, i-dextroamphetamine isiza ekuthuthukiseni ukugxila, isikhathi sokunaka, kanye nokulawula imizwa, okwenza kube lula ngabantu abane-ADHD ukuphatha izimpawu zabo.

Isilinganiso nokuphathwa

Umthamo we-dextroamphetamine uyahlukahluka kuye ngesimo eselashwayo, iminyaka yesiguli, kanye nendlela esisabela ngayo emuthini.

• Abantu abadala abane-ADHD: Umthamo ojwayelekile wokuqala u-5 mg kanye noma kabili ngosuku, okungase kukhushulwe ngo-5 mg masonto onke. Umthamo omkhulu onconywayo uvame ukuba ngu-40 mg ngosuku.
• Izingane (iminyaka engu-6 nangaphezulu): Umthamo wokuqala uvame ukuba ngu-2.5 mg kanye noma kabili ngosuku, kanye nokwenyuka kancane kancane njengoba kudingeka. Umthamo omkhulu wezingane ngokuvamile ungama-30 mg ngosuku.
• I-Narcolepsy: Abantu abadala bangaqala ngo-10 mg ngosuku, ngokulungiswa okwenziwe ngokusekelwe empendulweni yomuntu ngamunye.

I-Dextroamphetamine itholakala ngezindlela ezahlukene, okuhlanganisa amaphilisi akhishwa ngokushesha, ama-capsule akhishwa isikhathi eside, kanye nezixazululo zomlomo. Ngokuvamile ithathwa kanye noma kabili ngosuku, ngokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla.

Imiphumela Engemihle ye-Dextroamphetamine

Njengayo yonke imithi, i-dextroamphetamine ingabangela imiphumela emibi. Imiphumela emibi evamile ihlanganisa:

• Insomnia
• Umlomo omile
• Ukulahlekelwa kwesifiso
• Ukwehla kwesisindo
• Ukwandisa izinga lenhliziyo
• Ukukhathazeka noma ukwesaba

Imiphumela emibi kakhulu ingase ihlanganise:

• Izinkinga zenhliziyo (isb., umfutho wegazi ophakeme, i-tachycardia)
• Izinkinga zempilo yengqondo (isb., ukucindezeleka okusha noma okubi kakhulu, ulaka)
• Izinkinga zokujikeleza kwegazi (isb., iminwe noma izinzwane ziphenduka zibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka)
• Kungenzeka ukuthi kuhlukunyezwe futhi kuxhomeke kumuntu

Ukusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa

I-Dextroamphetamine ingasebenzisana nemithi eminingana kanye nezinto, okuhlanganisa:

• I-Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs): Ukuthatha lokhu nge-dextroamphetamine kungaholela emiphumeleni emibi kakhulu.
• Ama-Antidepressants: Eminye imithi yokucindezeleka ingandisa ingozi ye-serotonin syndrome noma inyuse amazinga okuvuselela umzimba.
• Imithi yomfutho wegazi: I-Dextroamphetamine ingase ilwe nemiphumela yale mithi.
• Utshwala: Ukuphuza utshwala kungandisa ingozi yemiphumela emibi futhi kufanele kugwenywe.

Izinzuzo ze-Dextroamphetamine

I-Dextroamphetamine inikeza izinzuzo eziningana zezokwelapha nezisebenzayo, okuhlanganisa:

• Ukugxila nokunaka okuthuthukisiwe kubantu abane-ADHD.
• Ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kwengqondo, okungaholela ekusebenzeni kangcono kwezemfundo kanye nomsebenzi.
• Ukuphathwa okuphumelelayo kwezimpawu ze-narcolepsy, okuvumela ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kwansuku zonke.
• Ukuqala ngokushesha kwesenzo, okunikeza ukukhululeka okusheshayo kwezimpawu.

Izimo ze-Dextroamphetamine

Abantu abathile kufanele bagweme ukusebenzisa i-dextroamphetamine, okuhlanganisa nalabo abane:

• Umlando wesifo senhliziyo esakhiwe, ukungasebenzi kahle kwenhliziyo, noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme ongalawuleki.
• Umlando wokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa noma umlutha.
• I-Hyperthyroidism noma izinkinga ezinkulu zokukhathazeka.
• Ukukhulelwa noma ukuncelisa, ngaphandle uma kunqunywe ngqo ngumhlinzeki wezempilo.

Ukuqapha Nezexwayiso

Ngaphambi kokuqala i-dextroamphetamine, iziguli kufanele zazise umhlinzeki wazo wezempilo nganoma yiziphi izimo zezokwelapha ezikhona, imithi eziyithathayo, kanye nanoma yimuphi umlando wezinkinga zempilo yengqondo. Ukuqapha njalo izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo kanye nomfutho wegazi kungadingeka ngesikhathi sokwelashwa. Iziguli kufanele futhi ziqaphele ingozi yokulutha kanye nokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

• Iyini i-dextroamphetamine esetshenziselwa yona? I-Dextroamphetamine isetshenziswa kakhulu ekwelapheni i-ADHD kanye ne-narcolepsy.
• Isebenza kanjani i-dextroamphetamine? Kukhulisa amazinga e-dopamine kanye ne-norepinephrine ebuchosheni, kuthuthukisa ukugxila kanye nokunaka.
• Yimiphi imiphumela emibi evamile? Imiphumela emibi evamile ihlanganisa ukungakwazi ukulala, umlomo owomile, kanye nokulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla.
• Ingabe i-dextroamphetamine ingaba umlutha? Yebo, kungenzeka ukuthi kusetshenziswe kabi futhi kusetshenziswe ngokweqile, ngakho-ke kufanele kusetshenziswe njengoba kuchaziwe.
• Kufanele ngithathe kanjani i-dextroamphetamine? Ingathathwa njengamaphilisi noma ama-capsule, ngokuvamile kanye noma kabili ngosuku, ngokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla.
• Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo? Yithathe ngokushesha uma ukhumbula, kodwa yeqe uma sekusondele isikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo. Ungaphindi.
• Ngingaphuza yini utshwala ngenkathi ngithatha i-dextroamphetamine? Kuyelulekwa ukugwema utshwala, ngoba bungandisa ingozi yemiphumela emibi.
• Ingabe i-dextroamphetamine iphephile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa? Ngokuvamile akukhuthazwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngaphandle kokuthi izinzuzo zidlula ngokusobala izingozi.
• Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma ngiba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu? Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nemiphumela emibi efana nobuhlungu besifuba noma ukushintsha kwemizwa.
• Ingabe izingane zingathatha i-dextroamphetamine? Yebo, inganikezwa izingane ezineminyaka engu-6 nangaphezulu, kodwa ngaphansi kokuqashwa okuqinile kwezokwelapha.

Amagama Omkhiqizo

I-Dextroamphetamine itholakala ngaphansi kwamagama emikhiqizo eminingana, okuhlanganisa:

• I-Dexedrine
• I-Dexedrine Spansule
• I-Zenzedi
• I-Evekeo

Isiphetho

I-Dextroamphetamine iwumuthi owusizo wokuphatha i-ADHD kanye ne-narcolepsy, inikeza izinzuzo ezibalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukugxila, ukunaka, kanye nekhwalithi yokuphila iyonke. Nakuba isebenza kahle, kubalulekile ukuyisebenzisa ngaphansi kokuqashwa kwezokwelapha ngenxa yokuthi kungenzeka kube nemiphumela emibi kanye nokusetshenziswa kabi. Njalo xhumana nomhlinzeki wezempilo ukuze uthole iseluleko esiqondene nawe kanye nezinketho zokwelapha.