Amashingles (Herpes Zoster): Izimpawu Nokwelashwa

Yini Ama-shingles?

Eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi ama-shingles, i-herpes zoster igciwane elibangela ukuqubuka okubuhlungu namabhamuza, okubangelwa i-varicella-zoster, igciwane elibangela inkukhu. Ngemva kokuba umuntu ehlaselwe yi-chickenpox, igciwane lihlala lingasebenzi ezicutshini zezinzwa eduze komgogodla kanye nobuchopho. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile (eminyakeni kamuva), igciwane lingase liphinde lisebenze njengama-shingles.

Ama-shingles ngokuvamile avela emugqeni noma eqenjini endaweni elinganiselwe ohlangothini olulodwa lomzimba. Ama-rashes nama-blister abangelwa ama-shingles aphulukisa phakathi namasonto angu-2-4, kodwa kwezinye izimo, ubuhlungu buhlala isikhathi eside ngemva kokuhamba kwe-rashes. Lesi simo sibizwa nge-post-herpetic neuralgia ngolimi lwezokwelapha.

Yini ebangela amaShingles?

Amashingles kuthiwa adalwa yilona gciwane elibanga upokisi. Ucwaningo luveza ukuthi izingane ezitheleleke nge-chickenpox ezineminyaka engaphansi ko-1, kanye nabantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-60 banamathuba amaningi okuphathwa yi-shingles.

Igciwane elibanga upokisi liyayeka ukusebenza lapho umuntu seselaphekile kupokisi, kodwa lihlala licashile ohlelweni lwezinzwa. Lapho amasosha omzimba ebuthakathaka ngenxa yezifo ezifana nomdlavuza kanye AIDS noma ngisho nokucindezeleka ngokomzwelo, igciwane lingasebenza futhi futhi libangele ama-shingles.

I-shingles iyathathelana ngomqondo wokuthi umuntu ngeke abe ne-shingles komunye umuntu ophethwe yi-shingles kodwa kungenzeka aphathwe yi-chickenpox uma engazange awuthole umuthi wokugomela i-chickenpox noma engakaze aphathwe yi-chickenpox esikhathini esidlule.

Izimpawu zama-shingles

Ama-shingles avela ngezigaba.

• Isigaba sokuqala sama-shingles ngaphambi kokuvela kwama-rashes namabhamuza umuzwa wokuvutha noma ukuluma noma ukulunywa, isikhumba esizwelayo - esihambisana nomkhuhlane, bekhanda nomuzwa ojwayelekile wokungakhululeki.
• Isigaba sesibili siqala ngosuku noma ezimbili kamuva. Kulesi sigaba, umuntu uzobona ama-rashes okuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi abe amabhamuza agcwele uketshezi. Amabhamuza asakazeka endleleni yezinzwa eziphuma entanjeni yomgogodla.
• Isigaba sesithathu yilapho amabhamuza eqhuma enze izilonda ezincane.
• Esigabeni sokugcina, lezi zilonda zoma bese zenza uqweqwe ukuze zelaphe indawo ethelelekile.

Izici zengozi

Abantu abake baphathwa yinkukhu ngaphambili bangaba nama-shingles. Izinto eziyingozi ezingase zandise ingozi yomuntu yokuba ne-shingles yilezi:

• Ukuba ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-50: I-shingles ivame kakhulu kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 ubudala. Ingozi iyanda ngokuya ngeminyaka.
• Ukuba nezifo ezithile: Izifo ezingase zenze amasosha omzimba wethu abe buthaka njengomdlavuza kanye ne-HIV/AIDS, zingandisa ingozi ye-shingles.
• Uthola ukwelashwa komdlavuza: Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali noma imisebe ingase yehlise ukumelana nezifo futhi ingase ibangele ama-shingles.
• Ukuphuza imithi ethile: Imithi evimbela ukwenqatshwa kwezitho ezitshalwe kabusha, ingase futhi yandise ingozi ye-shingles. Ngisho nokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwama-steroids njenge-prednisone nakho kungandisa ingozi.

Ukwelashwa kwama-shingles

Kungakapheli amahora angama-24 umuntu enezimpawu ze-shingles, kufanele avakashele udokotela wesikhumba noma udokotela ojwayelekile. Ngokuvamile, udokotela ucela ukuhlolwa kwesampula yesikhumba ukuze athole ukuthi isikhumba sinalo yini igciwane le-varicella-zoster, futhi ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwenziwa ukuhlola i-WBC (i-white blood cell), ukubala. I-shingles yisifo esingalapheki ngempela kodwa esizithibayo . Imithi enqunyelwe lesi sifo isiza ukunciphisa amandla ayo futhi ivimbele ezinye izinkinga.

Ukwelashwa kokuqala kwama-shingles kuhlanganisa ukunikeza imithi elwa namagciwane kanye ne-analgesic engakhulula isiguli ebuhlungwini obubangelwa yisifo futhi isheshise ijubane lokuphulukisa. Ama-antibiotic kanye nama-lotions anqunyelwe ukusetshenziswa ngomlomo kuma-rashes namabhamuza. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, odokotela baze bakhethe ama-steroid.

Ezimweni lapho i-shingles ithinte amehlo, kuboniswa i-ophthalmologist. Futhi, ezimeni lapho umuntu onesimiso sokuzivikela ezifweni esibuthaka kakhulu etheleleka nge-shingles, kunconywa ukuba alashwe ezibhedlela lapho elashwa khona ngamasosha omzimba alwa namagciwane.

Ukuvimbela ama-shingles

Umuntu ohlaselwe yi-chickenpox kungenzeka ukuthi aphathwe yi-shingles ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Umgomo obizwa ngokuthi i-Zostavax umiselwe abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-60 ukuvimbela lokho. Ucwaningo olwenziwe emhlabeni wonke luveza ukuthi umuthi wokugomela i-shingles unciphise ukwenzeka kwalesi sifo ngamaphesenti angama-50.