I-Anesthesia : Izinhlobo, Izingozi, Imiphumela Emibi kanye Nokulindelekile

Ukuze wenze noma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa okukhulu, kubalulekile ukuba isiguli sigcinwe sisesimweni sokuquleka ngenxa yokwelashwa. I-anesthesia jikelele yisimo se-analgesia lapho isiguli silahlekelwa ukwazi ngenxa yalokho udokotela ohlinzayo ekwazi ukuhlinza isiguli kalula. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi isiguli sihlinzwa okungenabuhlungu njengoba ubuchopho obulaliswa izinzwa bungazitholi izimpawu zobuhlungu.

Ubani oncoma uhlobo lokubulala izinzwa oludingekayo esigulini?

Udokotela(Udokotela obulala izinzwa noma udokotela ohlinzayo) uncoma uhlobo olungcono kakhulu lokulalisa izinzwa olungafanelana nemfuneko yomuntu yokuhlinzwa ngokusekelwe empilweni yonke yesiguli kanye nokuthandwayo kokuhlinzwa. Uhlobo lokubulala izinzwa luncike esimweni sesiguli futhi isinqumo sokugcina sokunikeza uhlobo lokubulala izinzwa kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lokuhlinzwa kungaba esodokotela obulala izinzwa.

Isibonelo, ngokuhlinzwa okuncane, akudingeki ukuthi unikezwe i-anesthesia ejwayelekile. Kulesi simo, i-anesthesia yendawo isebenza kahle kakhulu, lapho ingxenye ethile yomzimba yenziwa ndikindiki. I-anesthesia ejwayelekile inconywa ngezinqubo ezinkulu zokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlinzwa okuthatha isikhathi eside, futhi kunokulahlekelwa okukhulu kwegazi.

Yiziphi izinhlobo ze-anesthesia?

Izinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko ze-anesthesia zivame ukusetshenziswa kuzo zonke izikhungo zezempilo kanye nesibhedlela. Ake sizihlole:

I-General Anesthesia

I-General Anesthesia iyisiteji lapho isiguli silahlekelwa ukulawula izingqondo zaso, okuholela ekulahlekelweni okuphelele kokwazi. Lesi simo se-coma esibangelwa ukwelapha sibalulekile ekwenzeni ukuhlinzwa okukhulu okungenabuhlungu. I-anesthesia ejwayelekile ihlanganisa amagesi ahogelwe kanye nezidakamizwa ezifakwa emthanjeni.

Izinzwa Zesifunda

Lolu hlobo lwe-anesthesia luphazamisa ingxenye engezansi yomzimba. I-Anesthesia Yesifunda iphinde ihlukaniswe ibe yi-epidural ne-spiral, kanye ne-nerve block anesthesia. I-epidural anesthesia isetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ubuhlungu ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kwesitho esingezansi kanye nokubeletha. Ngaso leso sikhathi, i-spiral anesthetic isetshenziselwa ukuhlinzwa kwesisu esingaphansi kanye nezitho zomzimba.

I-Anesthesia yendawo

I-Anesthesia Yasendaweni inikezwa ngokuyinhloko ukwenza ukuhlinzwa okuncane noma inqubo yezokwelapha ngaphandle kobuhlungu ngenkathi isiguli sisaphapheme. Umjovo wesikhathi esisodwa othuntubeza ingxenye ethile yomzimba futhi uwusizo ezinqubweni ezinjengokuthunga ukusikeka, ukulungisa ithambo, noma ukwenza isikhumba. i-biopsy.

Ukuzijabulisa

okwaziwa nangokuthi “ukunakekelwa kwezinzwa okugadwayo”, yilokho abantu abebevame ukukubiza ngokuthi “ukuhwalala”. Imithi inikezwa, ngokuvamile nge-IV, ukwenza isiguli sizizwe sisozela futhi sikhululekile. Amazinga ahlukene e-sedation angenzeka, kuye ngohlobo lwenqubo kanye nokukhetha kwesiguli.

Kuhlanganiswe Okujwayelekile Ne-Epidural Anesthesia

Lena indlela yokuhlanganisa ekwenza ulale futhi inikeza ukulawula ubuhlungu, hhayi kuphela phakathi nenqubo, kodwa kamuva futhi. Ukubekwa kwe-epidural catheter kukuvumela ukuthi uqhubeke nokukhulula ubuhlungu ngemva kokuhlinzwa, okuzokusiza ulale futhi uhambe ngokunethezeka ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Lolu hlobo lwe-anesthesia luvame ukusetshenziselwa izinqubo ezinkulu zesisu kanye ne-thoracic (isifuba). I-catheter ye-epidural ingase ishiywe endaweni izinsuku ezimbalwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwakho.

Izingozi nge-anesthesia jikelele

I-anesthesia ejwayelekile ngokuvamile iphephile futhi inikezwa ngokukhethekile ezigulini ezigulayo. Uma umuntu enezinye izinkinga zezempilo ezikhona, khona-ke ukuphathwa kwezinzwa kungase kubonakale kuyingozi kancane. Bheka ezinye zezinto ezingaba yingozi zokuhogela izinzwa:

• Kubantu abadala asebekhulile, ukuphathwa kwe-anesthesia kungaveza imiphumela emibi.
• Le miphumela ingabandakanya isifo senhliziyo, ukudideka, unhlangothi, kanye nenyumoniya.
• Zimbalwa izimo ezithile ezingase zibe yingozi enkulu esigulini esihlinzwa ngokubulala izinzwa okuvamile zihlanganisa ukuhlukunyezwa, ukuphuza utshwala, ukubhema, ukungezwani nezidakamizwa.
• Isimo esikhona sezinso, inhliziyo, namaphaphu
• Isimo like ukukhuluphala
• Abantu abane i-obnetive obstructive sleep apnea kungase futhi kubangele ingozi enkulu yomphumela omubi we-anesthesia.

Ukuqwashisa okungahlosiwe kwe-intraoperative- Inkinga enkulu ye-anesthesia inhalation

Lesi simo siyisimo esingajwayelekile lapho isiguli kubikwa ukuthi sisesimweni sokwazi ngesikhathi sihlinzwa. Ukuqwashisa okungahlosiwe kwe-intraoperative kuholela esigulini ukuba sithole ukuqonda kwaso phakathi nokuhlinzwa. Kuyisimo esiyivelakancane kakhulu, futhi kulinganiselwa ukuthi isiguli esisodwa kwezingu-1 esihlinzwa ngokubulala izinzwa okuvamile singangena esigabeni sokuqwashisa ngokubulala izinzwa.

Njengoba lesi simo singavamile, ngakho-ke, kunzima kochwepheshe ukuthola imbangela yangempela yokwenzeka kwaso. Nazi ezinye izici ezizungeza isimo sokuqwashisa ngobuhle:

• Izinkinga zenhliziyo namaphaphu
• Ukucindezeleka
• Ukulethwa ngokuhlinzwa
• Utshwala
• Izinga eliphansi le-anesthesia
• Ukuhlinzwa okuphuthumayo
• Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi ethile ethile
• Iphutha elenziwa ngudokotela ohlinzayo noma udokotela obulala izinzwa

Iyini imiphumela emibi ye-anesthesia?

Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, isiguli singase sibe nemiphumela engemihle embalwa, ehlanganisa:

• I-nausea
• Umphimbo obuhlungu
• isiyezi
• Ukuphikisana
• Ubuhlungu endaweni ehlinzekiwe
• bekhanda Nokuqaqamba Kwemisipha
• Ukugula
• Ubunzima bokuchama
• Ukuvota
• Ukuthuthumela

Uma ubhema, odokotela ababulala izinzwa batusa ukuba uyeke. Kunconywa ukuyeka okungenani isonto elilodwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa okuhleliwe. Iziguli ezibhemayo ziye zanda ingozi yokutheleleka kwezilonda, inyumoniya, izinkinga zokuphefumula nenhliziyo phakathi nangemuva kokuhlinzwa. Ezinye zezingozi ze-anesthesia yesifunda zingabandakanya ikhanda elibuhlungu, ukutheleleka, ukopha, ukulimala kwezinzwa, ukuvinjelwa okuhlulekile kanye nokusabela kwezidakamizwa. Lezi zingozi nazo ngokuvamile ziphansi kakhulu.

Ubona nini udokotela?

Uma isiguli siba nemiphumela engemihle eshiwo ngenhla, ngokushesha ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kufanele siyibike ngokushesha kudokotela.

Cela isikhathi sokuhlangana e-Apollo Hospitals

Izinto ongazilindela ngaphambi nangemva kokuphathwa kwezinzwa

Uma uhlinzwa ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezizayo, nakhu ongakulindela ngaphambi nangemva kokuphathwa kwe-anesthesia.

Ngaphambi kwenqubo yokuphatha i-anesthesia

Ngaphambi kokuthi uhlinzwe, udokotela obulala izinzwa uzokubuza imibuzo mayelana nesimo sakho samanje sezempilo, umlando wakho wezempilo odlule, uma unanoma yiluphi uhlobo lokungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile, imithi oyinikeziwe, imikhuba yakho yokudla, kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho kwakho kokuhlinzwa okwedlule. Lokhu kuzosiza udokotela obulala izinzwa ekuhlaziyeni uhlobo lwe-anesthesia enganikezwa emzimbeni wakho.

Ngemuva kwenqubo yokuphatha i-anesthesia

Ngokushesha ngemva kokuphothulwa kokuhlinzwa, udokotela obulala izinzwa noma udokotela ohlinzayo uhlehlisa ukuphathwa kwezidakamizwa ukuze avuse isiguli. Kuthatha isikhathi ukuthi isiguli sithole ukwazi egunjini lokululama noma lokuhlinza. Futhi, njengoba isiguli siqala ukwazi, sizizwa sinesiyezi futhi sididekile.

Bangase babe nemiphumela engemihle njengomlomo owomile, ukuhlanza, ubuhlungu bemisipha, ukulunywa, isicanucanu, umphimbo obuhlungu, ukuhayiza okuncane, nokozela. Futhi, njengoba imiphumela yangemva kokubulala izinzwa iyancipha, isiguli sizwa ubuhlungu obubangelwa ukusikeka nokusikeka okwenziwa emzimbeni wesiguli ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa.

Isiphetho

Kunemithi eminingana ejwayelekile yokubulala izinzwa esetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. Izinhlanganisela ezihlukahlukene zisetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni izinzwa, eziletha imiphumela esabalele, kuhlanganise ne-amnesia, i-analgesia, nokungakwazi ukuhamba.

Uma unemibuzo eyengeziwe mayelana nezinqubo zokubulala izinzwa, ke.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi i-anesthesia isebenze?

Umphumela we-anesthesia uqala ngokushesha, njengoba ubeka isiguli esimweni se-coma yesikhashana phakathi nemizuzwana engu-30.

Ingabe umuntu uyayeka ukuphefumula ngenkathi esesimweni sokubulala izinzwa?

Cha. Inqubo yokuphefumula imane icindezelekile, futhi ishubhu lokuphefumula lifakwa emlonyeni wesiguli ukuze kuqinisekiswe inqubo yokuphefumula evamile.

Ngingakwazi yini ukunquma ngohlobo lwe-anesthesia okufanele inikezwe emzimbeni wami?

Cha. Lesi sinqumo sithathwa udokotela obulala izinzwa noma udokotela ohlinzayo. Futhi, kuya ngenqubo yokuhlinzwa ozobe ubhekene nayo.