I-Colistin - Ukusetshenziswa, Isilinganiso, Imiphumela Engemihle nokuningi

Isingeniso: Kuyini iColistin?

I-Colistin, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-polymyxin E, iyi-antibiotic esesigabeni sama-antibiotic e-polymyxin. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ekwelapheni izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane e-Gram-negative angamelana nemithi eminingi. I-Colistin ithole ukunakwa eminyakeni yamuva ngenxa yokwanda kwezifo ezingamelana namagciwane, okwenza kube inketho ebalulekile ekwelashweni kwezifo ezinzima.

Ukusetshenziswa kweColistin

I-Colistin ivunyelwe ukwelapha izifo ezahlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi lezo ezibangelwa amagciwane afana ne-Pseudomonas aeruginosa, i-Acinetobacter baumannii, kanye ne-Klebsiella pneumoniae. Ivame ukusetshenziswa ezimweni lapho amanye ama-antibiotic engasebenzi kahle ngenxa yokumelana nemithi. Ukusetshenziswa okuvamile kwezokwelapha kufaka phakathi:

• I-pneumonia enzima
• Izifo ezithinta u-Urinary
• Ukutheleleka kwegazi
• Ukutheleleka kweziguli ezine-cystic fibrosis

Indlela Esebenza

I-Colistin isebenza ngokuphazamisa ulwelwesi lweseli lebhaktheriya. Ibopha kuma-lipopolysaccharides nama-phospholipids olwelwesini lwangaphandle lwebhaktheriya elinge-Gram, okuholela ekufeni kweseli. Ngamazwi alula, ungacabanga nge-colistin "njengomphazamisi" odiliza isithiyo sokuvikela samabhaktheriya ayingozi, okuvumela amasosha omzimba ukuba aqede ukutheleleka.

Isilinganiso nokuphathwa

I-Colistin inganikezwa ngezindlela ezahlukene, ikakhulukazi njengomjovo noma ngokuphefumula. Izilinganiso ezijwayelekile zimi kanje:

• Abantu abadala: Isilinganiso esijwayelekile sokufakwa emthanjeni singama-2.5 kuya ku-5 mg/kg ngosuku, sihlukaniswe ngemithamo emibili noma emithathu.
• Izingane: Ezinganeni, umthamo uvame ukubalwa ngokusekelwe esisindweni somzimba, ngokuvamile cishe u-2.5 mg/kg ngosuku.

Ukuvama kanye nendlela yokuphatha kungahluka ngokuya ngobukhulu bokutheleleka kanye nempilo yesiguli iyonke. Landela njalo imiyalelo yomhlinzeki wezempilo ukuze uthole umthamo ofanele kanye nendlela yokuphatha efanele.

Imiphumela Engemihle yeColistin

Njengayo yonke imithi, i-colistin ingabangela imiphumela emibi. Imiphumela emibi evamile ihlanganisa:

• I-nausea
• Uhudo
• isiyezi
• bekhanda

Imiphumela emibi kakhulu ingase ihlanganise:

• Ubuthi be-Nephrotoxicity (umonakalo wezinso)
• Ubuthi be-neuro (umonakalo ohlelweni lwezinzwa)
• Ukuphendula kwe-allergen

Iziguli kufanele zibike noma yiziphi izimpawu ezingajwayelekile kumhlinzeki wazo wezempilo ngokushesha.

Ukusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa

I-Colistin ingase ihlangane nemithi eminingana, okungandisa ingozi yemiphumela emibi noma kunciphise ukusebenza kahle kokwelashwa. Ukusebenzisana okukhulu kwemithi kuhlanganisa:

• Eminye imithi enobuthi (isib. ama-aminoglycosides, i-vancomycin)
• Ama-ejenti okuvimbela i-Neuromuscular

Ngaso sonke isikhathi wazisa umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo mayelana nayo yonke imithi nezithako zokudla ozithathayo ukuze ugweme ukusebenzisana okungenzeka.

Izinzuzo zeColistin

I-Colistin inikeza izinzuzo eziningana zezokwelapha, ikakhulukazi uma kuziwa ekumelaneni nama-antibiotic:

• Isebenza kahle ngokumelene namagciwane amelana nemithi eminingi
• Ingasetshenziswa kanye namanye ama-antibiotic ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle
• Itholakala ngezindlela ezahlukene zezinhlobo ezahlukene zokutheleleka

Lezi zinzuzo zenza i-colistin ibe yindlela ewusizo ekwelapheni izifo ezinzima ezingaphenduli kuma-antibiotic ajwayelekile.

Ukuphikisana kweColistin

Abantu abathile kufanele bagweme ukusebenzisa i-colistin, okuhlanganisa:

• Abesifazane abakhulelwe noma abancelisayo (ngaphandle uma kudingeka ngempela)
• Iziguli ezinomlando wokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba kuma-polymyxin
• Abantu abanesifo sezinso esivele sikhona

Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuze uthole ukuthi i-colistin ikufanele yini.

Ukuqapha Nezexwayiso

Ngaphambi kokuqala i-colistin, iziguli kufanele zenze izivivinyo ezithile zelebhu ukuze kuhlolwe ukusebenza kwezinso, njengoba i-colistin ingaba yingozi kakhulu. Kubalulekile ukuqapha ukusebenza kwezinso kulo lonke ukwelashwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iziguli kufanele zazise umhlinzeki wazo wezempilo nganoma yiziphi izimo zempilo ezikhona noma imithi eziyiphuzayo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

• I-colistin isetshenziselwani? I-Colistin isetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane e-Gram-negative amelana nemithi eminingi, njenge-pneumonia kanye nokutheleleka kwegazi.
• I-colistin inikezwa kanjani? I-Colistin inganikezwa njengomjovo noma iphefumulelwe, kuye ngohlobo lokutheleleka okwelashwayo.
• Yimiphi imiphumela emibi evamile ye-colistin? Imiphumela emibi evamile ihlanganisa isicanucanu, isifo sohudo, isiyezi, kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu.
• Ingabe i-colistin ingadala ukulimala kwezinso? Yebo, i-colistin ingaba yingozi kakhulu, ngakho-ke ukusebenza kwezinso kufanele kuqashwe ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.
• Ingabe i-colistin iphephile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa? I-Colistin kufanele igwenywe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngaphandle uma kudingeka ngempela, njengoba ukuphepha kwayo kungakaqinisekiswa.
• Isebenza kanjani i-colistin? I-Colistin iphazamisa ulwelwesi lwamaseli ebhaktheriya, okuholela ekufeni kwamaseli futhi kusize amasosha omzimba ukulwa nokutheleleka.
• Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo we-colistin? Uma uphuthelwa umthamo, thatha ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula. Uma cishe sekuyisikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo, yeqa umthamo ogejiwe futhi uqhubeke neshejuli yakho evamile.
• Ngingaphuza yini utshwala ngenkathi ngithatha i-colistin? Kunconywa ukugwema utshwala ngenkathi usebenzisa i-colistin, ngoba kungandisa ingozi yemiphumela emibi.
• Ingabe kukhona ukuhlangana kokudla ne-colistin? Akukho ukusebenzisana okuqondile kokudla, kodwa kungcono ukulandela iseluleko somhlinzeki wakho wezempilo mayelana nokudla ngenkathi usebenzisa imithi.
• Kuyoze kube nini ngidinga ukuthatha i-colistin? Isikhathi sokwelashwa nge-colistin sincike ohlotsheni kanye nobukhali bokutheleleka. Landela imiyalelo yomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo.

Amagama Omkhiqizo

I-Colistin itholakala ngaphansi kwamagama emikhiqizo ehlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa:

• I-ColyMycin M
• I-Polymyxin E
• I-Colistin sulfate

Isiphetho

I-Colistin iyi-antibiotic ebalulekile ekulweni nokutheleleka okumelana nemithi eminingi. Indlela yayo eyingqayizivele yokusebenza kanye nokusebenza kahle ngokumelene namagciwane amelana nayo kuyenza ibe ithuluzi elibalulekile kwezokwelapha zanamuhla. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yemiphumela emibi engaba khona kanye nokusebenzisana, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa i-colistin ngaphansi kwesiqondiso sochwepheshe bezempilo.