Vertigo

Uhlolojikelele

I-Vertigo yisimo esenza umuntu azizwe sengathi yena noma indawo ezungezile iyanyakaza noma iyajikeleza. Kuyahluka kusukela ekubeni nesiyezi kuleso sithombe esicashile simelela inkohliso yokunyakaza. Lapho isihloko sizwa ukuthi bona ngokwabo bayahamba, kubizwa ngokuthi i-subjective vertigo. Umbono wokuthi indawo ezungezile iyanyakaza, ibizwa ngokuthi inhloso i-vertigo. Ngokungafani nokuba nekhanda elikhanyayo okungaqondile noma isiyezi, i-vertigo inezimbangela ezimbalwa.

I-Vertigo ingabangelwa izinkinga ezisengqondweni noma endlebeni yangaphakathi. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuvuvukala ngaphakathi kwendlebe engaphakathi ngenxa yokutheleleka ngegciwane/amagciwane, isifo sikaMeniere, izimila, ukwehla kokugeleza kwegazi kuze kube sekupheleni kobuchopho, i-multiple sclerosis, ukulimala kwekhanda nentamo,migraine (ikhanda elibuhlungu), noma izinkinga zesifo sikashukela. Izimpawu ze-vertigo zihlanganisa ukuzwa kokudideka noma ukunyakaza, okungase kuhambisane isicanucanu noma ukuhlanza, ukujuluka, noma ukunyakaza kwamehlo okungavamile. Ezinye izimpawu ze-vertigo zingase zihlanganise ukungezwa, umsindo onkenenezayo ezindlebeni, izinguquko ezibonwayo, ubuthakathaka, ubunzima bokukhuluma, ukuncipha kwezinga lokuqaphela, nobunzima bokuhamba. I-Vertigo ingatholwa ngomlando wezokwelapha nokuhlolwa komzimba. Ama-CT scan, ukuhlolwa kwegazi, i-magnetic resonance imaging (I-MRI), kanye ne-electrocardiogram (ECG) nayo ingenziwa kuye ngesizathu esisolekayo. Ukwelashwa kwe-vertigo kufaka phakathi imithi nezinqubo zokwelapha ngokomzimba. Ukuxilongwa kwe-vertigo kuncike kumbangela. Ezinye izimo ze-vertigo ziyazikhawulela, kuyilapho ezinye zidinga izidakamizwa nokwelashwa ngokomzimba.

Izimbangela

• I-Vertigo ebangelwa izinkinga ebuchosheni noma ohlelweni lwezinzwa oluphakathi lubizwa ngokuthi i-vertigo ephakathi. Uma izimbangela kungenxa yezinkinga endlebeni yangaphakathi ibizwa ngokuthi i-peripheral vertigo. I-Vertigo ingase futhi ibe uphawu lwezinye izimo.
• I-Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) iwuhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-vertigo futhi ibonakala ngokuzwa okufushane kokunyakaza okuthatha imizuzwana eyi-15 ukuya emaminithini ambalwa. Kungase kubangelwe ukunyakaza kwekhanda kungazelelwe noma ukuhambisa ikhanda ohlangothini oluthile, njengokugingqika embhedeni. Lolu hlobo lwe-vertigo aluvamile ukuba yingozi futhi lungelapheka kalula.
• I-Vertigo ingase futhi ibangelwe ukuvuvukala kwendlebe yangaphakathi (labyrinthitis noma i-vestibular neuritis). Lezi zimo zibonakala ngokuqala ngokuzumayo kwe-vertigo okungase kuhlotshaniswe nenkinga yokuzwa. Isizathu esivame kakhulu se-labyrinthitis ukutheleleka kwendlebe yangaphakathi ngegciwane/amagciwane. Izimpawu zingahlala izinsuku kuze kuphele ukuvuvukala. Amagciwane angadala i-labyrinthitis noma i-vestibular neuritis ahlanganisa amagciwane e-herpes, umkhuhlane, isimungumungwane, i-rubella, umvukuzane, uvendle, ihepatitis kanye negciwane le-Epstein-Barr (EBV).
• Isifo sikaMeniere sibangela iziqephu ze-vertigo kanye nokukhala ezindlebeni (tinnitus) nenkinga yokuzwa. Abantu abanalesi simo baqala ngokuzumayo ukuba ne-vertigo enamandla nenkinga yokuzwa eshintshashintshayo kanye nezikhathi lapho bengenazo izimpawu. Imbangela yesifo sika-Meniere ayiqondakali ngokuphelele kodwa kukholakala ukuthi izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane endlebeni yangaphakathi, ukulimala ekhanda, izici zofuzo noma ukungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile.
• I-acoustic neuroma uhlobo lwesimila sezicubu zezinzwa zendlebe yangaphakathi ezingabangela i-vertigo. Izimpawu zingase zibandakanye i-vertigo ngokukhala kohlangothi olulodwa endlebeni nokulahlekelwa ukuzwa.
• I-Vertigo ingabangelwa ukugeleza kwegazi okuncishisiwe kuya phansi kobuchopho. Ukopha ngemuva kobuchopho (i-cerebellar hemorrhage) ibonakala nge-vertigo, bekhanda, ubunzima bokuhamba, nokukhubazeka ukubuka ohlangothini lokopha.
• I-Vertigo imvamisa iyisibonakaliso esivezwayo multiple sclerosis. Ukuqala kuvame ukuvela kungazelelwe. Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo kungase kubonise ukwehluleka kwamehlo ukuhamba emgqeni ophakathi ukuya ekhaleni.
• Ukulimala kwekhanda nokulimala kwentamo kungase futhi kubangele i-vertigo, evame ukuzihambela yodwa. I-vertigo yomlomo wesibeletho nayo ingabangelwa izinkinga zentamo njengokungena kwemithambo yegazi noma imizwa yentamo.
• A migraine kungase futhi kubangele i-vertigo. I-vertigo ivame ukuhambisana nekhanda elibuhlungu, nakuba kungenjalo njalo. Kuvame ukuba nomlando wangaphambilini weziqephu ezifanayo kodwa azikho izinkinga ezihlala njalo.
• Izinkinga ezivela sikashukela kungabangela i-arteriosclerosis (ukuqina kwemithambo yegazi) okungaholela ekunciphiseni ukugeleza kwegazi ebuchosheni, kubangele izimpawu ze-vertigo.
• Ukushintsha kwama-hormone ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kanye namazinga aphansi kashukela egazini kungabangela abesifazane abakhulelwe ukuba bazizwe benesiyezi, ikakhulukazi phakathi ne-trimester yokuqala. Ku-trimester yesibili, isiyezi noma i-vertigo kungenzeka ngenxa yokucindezela emithanjeni yegazi evela esibelethweni esikhulayo. Kamuva ekukhulelweni kungase kubangelwe isiyezi kanye ne-vertigo ngenkathi ilele emhlane, okuvumela isisindo somntwana ukuba simpintshe emthanjeni omkhulu (vena cava) othwala igazi liye enhliziyweni.
• Ukucindezeleka noma ukwesaba kungase kubangele abantu ukuzwa umuzwa we-vertigo. Ukucindezeleka kungase kwenze izimpawu zibe zimbi nakakhulu, nakuba ngokuvamile zingabangeli.
• I-Mal de Debarquement, okusho ukuthi "ukugula kokwehla," igama lezokwelapha lesiyezi kanye ne-vertigo ezwakala ngemva kohambo ngomkhumbi noma ngesikebhe. Ngokuvamile kubonwa ngemva kohambo lwesikebhe. Kwezinye izimo, abantu babhekana nalo muzwa ngemva kokuphuma endizeni, emotweni, noma esitimeleni.

Izimpawu

I-Vertigo umuzwa wokuzungeza. Kuhlukile ekubeni nekhanda elilula noma ukuquleka kanye nesifo sokunyakaza.

Uma i-vertigo yangempela ikhona, izimpawu zihlanganisa ukuzwa ukudideka noma ukunyakaza. Futhi, umuntu angase abe nanoma yiziphi noma zonke lezi zimpawu,

• Ukudabuka noma ukuhlanza
• Ukuphoqa
• Ukunyakaza kwamehlo okungavamile

Izimpawu zingasuka emaminithini ziye emahoreni futhi zingaphikelela (izifo ezingalapheki) noma isiqephu. Ukuhlasela kungase kube ngenxa yokunyakaza okungazelelwe noma ukushintsha kwesimo. Kuyadingeka ukutshela udokotela mayelana nanoma yikuphi ukuhlukumezeka kwekhanda kwakamuva noma ukulimala kwe-whiplash, kanye nanoma yimiphi imithi emisha umuntu othintekile ayiphuzayo.

Umuntu angase abe nenkinga yokuzwa kanye nomuzwa wokukhala ezindlebeni. Umuntu angase futhi abe nokuphazamiseka kokubona, abe buthaka, angakwazi ukukhuluma kahle, ehle izinga lokuqaphela, nobunzima bokuhamba.

Lapho Kufanele Ufune Ukunakekelwa Kwezokwelapha Nge-Vertigo

Zonke izimpawu nezimpawu ze-vertigo kufanele zihlolwe ngudokotela. Izimo ezinkulu ze-vertigo azinangozi. Nakuba i-vertigo ingase iqede amandla, izimbangela eziningi zelashwa kalula ngemithi enqunyiwe. Cela udokotela ahlole noma yiziphi izimpawu ezintsha nezimpawu ze-vertigo ukuze akhiphe izimbangela ezingavamile, ezingase zibe bucayi, noma ezisongela ukuphila. Izimpawu ezithile nezimpawu ze-vertigo zingadinga ukuhlolwa emnyangweni ophuthumayo wesibhedlela, njengalokhu:

• Ukuqala kwezimpawu kungazelelwe
• Umbono kabili
• Ikhanda
• Ukungabi namandla
• Ubunzima bokukhuluma
• Fever
• Ukunyakaza kwamehlo okungavamile
• Izinga lokuqaphela elishintshile, ukungasebenzi ngendlela efanele, noma ubunzima bokuvusa inkanuko
• Ubunzima bokuhamba, ukuntuleka kokuxhumana, noma ubuthakathaka bezingalo kanye/noma imilenze

Izingozi Zezingozi

Ukulimala ekhanda kwandisa ingozi yokuthuthukisa i-vertigo

Eminye imithi efana nemithi elwa nokushaqeka, ukushaya kwegazi Imithi, ama-antidepressants, nama-aspirin nawo ayandisa ingozi

• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu
• Isifo senhliziyo
• Diabetes
• Ukubhema
• Utshwala

Izifundo zokuvama kwe-vertigo zithola ukuthi phakathi kuka-2% - 3% wabantu basengozini yokuthuthukisa i-BPPV. Abesifazane asebekhulile babonakala benengozi encane yokuba nalesi simo.

Sifo

I-Vertigo ayisona isifo ngokwaso. Uma isimo se-vertigo sesitholakele futhi selashwa, umuntu angabuyela ekuphileni okunempilo. Kunokuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene kokuxilonga i-vertigo nezimbangela zayo. Udokotela uzobheka noma yikuphi ukunyakaza kwamehlo okungavamile futhi aqinisekise ukuthi ikhono lokulandela izinto livamile. Udokotela uhlola ukunyakaza kwamehlo okungahleliwe (nystagmus) kwesiguli. Ukunyakaza kwamehlo okusheshayo okukhiqizwa ngenxa yokuqondisa ikhanda udokotela kungase kusikisele ukuthi inkinga ilele kuyiphi indlebe.

Amadivayisi okuxilonga afana ne-Videonystagmography (VNG), Electronystagmography (ENG), craniocorpography (CCG), Subjective Visual Vertical (SVV), kanye nekhompyutha ye-Dynamic Visual Acuity (DVA) asetshenziselwa ukukhomba imbangela yokuphazamiseka kwebhalansi esigulini.

Ukuvama nokuqina kanye nezimpawu ezihambisanayo kufanele kuqashelwe ukuze kutholakale ukwelashwa okufanele kwesiguli ngasinye.

Ezinye izivivinyo zokunquma uhlobo lwe-vertigo luhlanganisa

Ukuhlolwa kwekhanda: Ubheka ikhala lomhloli bese umhloli ehambisa ikhanda lakho eceleni abheke ukunyakaza kwamehlo okulungile.

Romberg test: Yima izinyawo zihlangene futhi uvule amehlo. Zama ukugcina ibhalansi ngemva kokuvala amehlo.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-Fukuda-Unterberger: Masha endaweni eyodwa uvale amehlo ngaphandle kokuncika.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-Dix-Hallpike: Ngenkathi usetafuleni lokuhlola, wehliswa ngokushesha ukusuka endaweni ohlezi kuyo uye endaweni ephansi nekhanda lakho likhombe kwesokudla noma kwesokunxele kancane. Udokotela uzobheka ukunyakaza kweso lakho ukuze afunde kabanzi mayelana ne-vertigo yakho.

Ukuhlolwa kwesithombe se-vertigo kufaka phakathi

• CT scan
• I-MRI

Ukwelashwa

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zokwelapha i-vertigo kuhlanganise amakhambi okuzinakekela, imithi kanye nezinqubo zokwelapha ngokomzimba.

I-Vertigo Home Remedies

Ubufakazi besayensi obusekela amanye amakhambi ngokuvamile buyantuleka. Ambalwa amakhambi aphakanyisiwe ahlanganisa okulandelayo

Ukuqondisa kwe-Epley okushintshiwe kuwuhlobo lokwelapha ngokomzimba okuvamise ukunikezwa okubandakanya ukunyakaza kwekhanda nomzimba okwenziwe ngenkathi uhlezi embhedeni. Ngokwesiko, kwenziwa kudokotela noma ehhovisi likamelaphi womzimba, kodwa kungase futhi kunqunywe ukuthi kwenziwe ekhaya. Uma isiguli sesithole isiyalo esifanele, lo msebenzi ungadambisa izimpawu ze-vertigo ngesonto.

Ukwengezwa kwe-Vitamin D kungase kube usizo ezigulini ezitholwe zine-benign paroxysmal positional vertigo.

Amakhambi e-herbal njenge-ginger root, i-ginkgo biloba, ne-coriander angasiza ekwehliseni izimpawu ze-vertigo kubantu abambalwa. Xhumana nodokotela ngaphambi kokusebenzisa noma yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha zemvelo.

I-acupuncture ingase inikeze ukukhululeka kwezimpawu zezinhlobo ezimbalwa ze-vertigo.

Gwema izinto ezingaba nomthelela ekujikelezeni kwegazi, okuhlanganisa i-caffeine, ugwayi, noma utshwala.

Phuza uketshezi oluningi.

Amafutha abalulekile, okuhlanganisa i-peppermint, i-ginger, i-lavender nenhlaka yempepho, angasiza ekudambiseni izimpawu ze-vertigo. Funda yonke imiyalelo yokusetshenziswa futhi uthintane nodokotela ngaphambi kokusebenzisa lawa makhambi emvelo, njengoba amanye angaba nemiphumela engemihle, ikakhulukazi uma umuntu enesifo sokuphefumula.

I-Vertigo Medical Treatment

Ukukhethwa kokwelashwa kuzoncika ekuxilongweni. Umuthi we-vertigo ungathathwa ngomlomo, nge-patch, i-suppository, noma izidakamizwa zinikezwa nge-IV. Izinhlobo ezithile ze-vertigo zingadinga ukwelashwa okwengeziwe nokudluliselwa.

– Izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane endlebeni ephakathi zidinga ama-antibiotics. Imbobo engaphakathi endlebeni ebangela ukutheleleka okuphindaphindiwe ingase idinge ukudluliselwa kuchwepheshe wendlebe, ikhala, nomphimbo (ENT) ukuze ahlinzwe.

- Ngesifo sikaMeniere, ngaphezu kwemithi, iziguli kufanele zidle usawoti omncane futhi zingase zidinge imithi yokwandisa ukuphuma komchamo.

– Ngaphezu kwalokhu, izidakamizwa ezisetshenziselwa i-benign paroxysmal positional vertigo zingasetshenziswa ukwelapha lesi simo.

Imithi ye-Vertigo

Imithi evame ukunqunywa ye-vertigo ihlanganisa okulandelayo:

• I-Meclizine hydrochloride
• I-Scopolamine transdermal patch
• I-Promethazine hydrochloride
• I-Metoclopramide
• I-Ondansetron
• I-Diazepam
• I-Lorazepam
• I-Clonazepam
• I-Prednisone

Amanye ama-antihistamine e-Over-The-Counter (OTC) angase futhi aphakanyiswe udokotela nge-vertigo, okuhlanganisa:

• I-diphenhydramine
• Dimenhydrrate

Le mithi kufanele iphuzwe kuphela ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela. Eminingi yale mithi ingabangela ukozela futhi akufanele iphuzwe ngaphambi kokushayela noma ukusebenza.

Ukwelashwa Kwemvelo

- Ukuzivocavoca kwe-Vestibular rehabilitation, okuphinde kwakhonjwa njengokuzivocavoca kwe-Epley kuhlanganisa ukuba isiguli sihlale ekhoneni letafula futhi silale ngohlangothi olulodwa kuze kube yilapho i-vertigo ixazulula okuhambisana nokuhlala nokulala ngakolunye uhlangothi, futhi kuze kube yilapho i-vertigo iphela. Lokhu kuyaphindwa kuze kube yilapho i-vertigo ingasekho.

- Ukuzivocavoca kwe-particle repositioning kuwukwelashwa okusekelwe embonweni wokuthi lesi sifo sibangelwa ukususwa kwamatshe amancane endaweni yebhalansi (isistimu ye-vestibular) yendlebe yangaphakathi. Inhloko ibekwe kabusha ukuze isuse amatshe endaweni yawo evamile. Lo msebenzi uyaphindwa kuze kube yilapho ukunyakaza kwamehlo okungavamile kungasabonakali.

I-Vertigo Ihlala Isikhathi Esingakanani?

Ububanzi bezimpawu ze-vertigo buncike kumbangela.

Nge-vertigo ebangelwa i-Mal de Debarquement, njengokwehla emkhunjini, i-vertigo ngokuvamile izozihambela yodwa phakathi namahora angu-24.

Ezigulini eziphethwe yi-benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, ukuzivocavoca kwe-Epley kungamisa izimpawu phakathi nesonto.

I-Vertigo ebangelwa ukuvuvukala kwendlebe yangaphakathi (i-labyrinthitis noma i-vestibular neuritis) izohlala izinsuku kuze kuphele ukuvuvukala.

Ukuhlaselwa kwe-vertigo ngenxa yesifo sikaMeniere kungathatha imizuzu engu-20 kuya emahoreni angu-24.

I-Vertigo ku-acoustic neuroma, i-vertigo iyancipha noma iyanyamalala njengoba isimila sikhula.

I-Vertigo kusuka ku-a unhlangothi, kungaba ngenxa yokuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi noma ukopha, kungase kushiye umonakalo unomphela ebuchosheni futhi kubangele izimpawu eziqhubekayo zokuqunjelwa.

Uma i-vertigo ibonakala ngenxa yokulimala kwekhanda noma intamo (ingxabano, i-whiplash, noma okunye ukuhlukumezeka), izimpawu zingase ziqhubeke iminyaka noma zibe unomphela.

Prevention

Ukuphatha izici eziyingozi ze-stroke kungase kunciphise ingozi yokuthuthukisa i-vertigo emaphakathi. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umfutho wegazi, i-cholesterol, isisindo kanye namazinga eglucose esegazini asezindaweni ezifanele. Ukuze unciphise izimpawu ze-vertigo ezimweni ze-Meniere's disease, ukulawula ukuthathwa kukasawoti kungase kube usizo. Uma i-peripheral vertigo itholwe, khona-ke ukwenza izivivinyo zokuvuselela i-vestibular njalo kungasiza ukuvimbela iziqephu eziphindaphindayo.

Njengoba izimo eziningi ze-vertigo zenzeka ngokushesha, kunzima ukubikezela ukuthi ubani osengozini; kanjalo, ukugwema ngokuphelele noma ukuvimbela kungase kungenzeki. Kodwa, ukugcina indlela yokuphila enempilo kuzonciphisa amathuba okuba nalesi simo.

Izimo eziningi ze-vertigo zixazulula ngokuzenzakalelayo phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa. Izivivinyo zokuvuselela i-vestibular (izivivinyo zekhanda le-Cawthorne) noma izivivinyo ze-Epley ezishintshiwe zibangela ukuthuthuka okuphawulekayo ku-vertigo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Iyini i-vertigo?

I-Vertigo umuzwa womqondo wokuthi umuntu noma indawo ezungezile iyanyakaza noma iyajikeleza.

Iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba evame ukuthinteka kakhulu ku-vertigo?

A: Isitho esivame ukuthinteka kakhulu ku-vertigo yindlebe yangaphakathi.

Yiziphi izimpawu ze-vertigo?

IMP: Izimpawu zihlanganisa ukuzwa ukudideka noma ukunyakaza, isicanucanu noma ukuhlanza, ukujuluka nokunyakaza kwamehlo okungavamile.

I-Apollo Hospitals inodokotela abahamba phambili be-Vertigo eNdiya. Ukuze uthole odokotela abangcono kakhulu be-vertigo edolobheni lakho eliseduze, vakashela izixhumanisi ezingezansi:

• Odokotela be-Vertigo e-Bangalore
• Odokotela be-Vertigo e-Chennai
• Odokotela be-Vertigo e-Hyderabad
• Odokotela be-Vertigo eDelhi
• Odokotela be-Vertigo eMumbai
• Odokotela be-Vertigo e-Kolkata