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What on Earth are Phytochemicals?

Think of plants as tiny scientists. They create special element that work like a secret agent for plants. We call these things "phytochemicals." They're like the plant's own superhero team, protecting them against bugs and bad weather.

Phytochemicals are natural ingredients of plants that help keep us healthy. Although they're not the usual nutrients, they're extremely important. They exist as different types like flavonoids, polyphenols, and carotenoids, each with its own special powers.

    Benefits of Phytochemicals

    The consumption of phytochemical-rich foods offers an array of benefits that contribute to overall health:

  1. Antioxidant Properties: Phytochemicals act as antioxidants, scavenging free radicals in the body and reducing oxidative stress. This process helps protect cells from damage and supports overall cellular health.

  2. Anti-inflammatory Effects: Certain phytochemicals exhibit potent anti-inflammatory properties, assisting in reducing inflammation throughout the body. This can alleviate the risk of chronic diseases associated with inflammation.

  3. Cancer Risk Reduction: Studies suggest that phytochemicals may play a role in reducing the risk of cancer. Some compounds have shown promising effects in inhibiting the growth of cancer cells and preventing their formation.

  4. Heart Health Support: Many phytochemicals contribute to heart health by promoting healthy blood vessels, reducing cholesterol levels, and improving overall cardiovascular function.

  5. . Immune System Enhancement: Phytochemicals can strengthen the immune system, aiding in the body's defence against infections and diseases.

  6. List of Foods Rich in Phytochemicals:

    Here are some examples of foods abundant in phytochemicals:

    1. Fruits: Berries (blueberries, strawberries), citrus fruits (oranges, grapefruits), pomegranates, cherries, apples, and grapes.

    2. Vegetables: Broccoli, kale, spinach, carrots, tomatoes, onions, garlic, and bell peppers.

    3. Legumes: Soybeans, lentils, chickpeas, and black beans.

    4. Whole Grains: Quinoa, brown rice, oats, barley, and buckwheat.

    5. Herbs and Spices: Turmeric, ginger, cinnamon, and garlic.

    6. Phytochemicals are the superheroes hiding in your food, ready to jump into action and keep your body healthy. So, it's time to welcome these undercover champions into your diet and let them work their magic! Incorporating a diverse range of these foods into your meals can unlock a treasure trove of health benefits and shield you from various diseases.

    References –

    1. Kumar A, P N, Kumar M, Jose A, Tomer V, Oz E, Proestos C, Zeng M, Elobeid T, K S, Oz F. Major Phytochemicals: Recent Advances in Health Benefits and Extraction Method. Molecules. 2023 Jan 16;28(2):887. doi: 10.3390/molecules28020887. PMID: 36677944; PMCID: PMC9862941.

      https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9862941/#:~:text=Recent%20scientifi c%20studies%20have%20established,cancer%2C%20cardiovascular%20diseases%2C%20etc.

    2. Leitzmann C. Characteristics and Health Benefits of Phytochemicals. Forsch Komplementmed. 2016;23(2):69-74. doi: 10.1159/000444063. Epub 2016 Feb 4. PMID: 27160996

    3. Antioxidants[Internet].The Nutrition Source. 2012 [cited 2023 Dec 7].Available from:https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/antioxidants/

    4. Zhang YJ,Gan RY,Li S,Zhou Y, Li AN, Xu DP, Li HB. Antioxidant phytochemicals for the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases. Molecules. 2015 Nov 27;20(12):21138-56.

    5. Nisar A, Jagtap S, Vyavahare S, Deshpande M, Harsulkar A, Ranjekar P, Prakash O. Phytochemicals in the treatment of inflammation-associated diseases: the journey from preclinical trials to clinical practice. Frontiers in Pharmacology. 2023 May 9;14:1177050.

    6. Ranjan A, Ramachandran S, Gupta N, Kaushik I, Wright S, Srivastava S, Das H, Srivastava S, Prasad S, Srivastava SK. Role of phytochemicals in cancer prevention. International journal of molecular sciences. 2019 Oct 9;20(20):4981.

    7. Bachheti RK, Worku LA, Gonfa YH, Zebeaman M, Pandey DP, Bachheti A. Prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases with plant phytochemicals: A review. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2022 Jul 4;2022.

    8. Probst YC, Guan VX, Kent K. Dietary phytochemical intake from foods and health outcomes: a systematic review protocol and preliminary scoping. BMJ Open. 2017 Feb 15;7(2):e013337. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013337. PMID: 28202499; PMCID: PMC5318549.

    9. Shahidi F, Hossain A. Bioactives in spices, and spice oleoresins: Phytochemicals and their beneficial effects in food preservation and health promotion. Journal of Food Bioactives. 2018 Sep 18;3:8-75.

    10. Ghoshal G. Biotechnology in food processing and preservation: An overview. Advances in Biotechnology for Food Industry. 2018 Jan 1:27-54.

    11. Dong M, He X, Liu RH. Phytochemicals of black bean seed coats: isolation, structure elucidation, and their antiproliferative and antioxidative activities. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2007 Jul 25;55(15):6044-51.

    12. Contreras J, Alcázar-Valle M, Lugo-Cervantes E, Luna-Vital DA, Mojica L. Mexican Native Black Bean Anthocyanin-Rich Extracts Modulate Biological Markers Associated with Inflammation. Pharmaceuticals. 2023 Jun 13;16(6):874.

    13. Wu X, Guo T, Luo F, Lin Q. Brown rice: a missing nutrient-rich health food. Food Science and Human Wellness. 2023 Sep 1;12(5):1458-70.


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