• Age: Women above the age of 65 are more prone to the disease. It may occur at any age.
• Infection with HPV (human papillomavirus)
• Smoking: Smoking cigarettes increases the risk of vulval cancer.
• Immunocompromised or Immuno-suppressed (Weak/ Low Immunity): Those with conditions like HIV, or women on immuno-suppressant drugs have a weak immune system increasing their risk for vulval cancer.
• A History of Precancerous Conditions of the vulva such as intraepithelial neoplasia increases the risk of vulval cancer.
• A skin condition called Lichen sclerosus, causes the vulval skin to become thin and itchy increases the risk of vulval cancer.