Ingqikithi ye-Hip Replacement

Ngesikhathi sokushintshwa kwe-hip, udokotela ohlinzayo ususa izingxenye ezilimele ze-hip joint yakho futhi esikhundleni sazo ufake izingxenye ngokuvamile ezakhiwe ngensimbi, i-ceramic kanye nepulasitiki eqinile kakhulu. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kokwenziwa (i-prosthesis) kusiza ukunciphisa ubuhlungu futhi kuthuthukise umsebenzi.

Okuphinde kubizwe ngokuthi i- total hip arthroplasty , ukuhlinzwa esikhundleni se-hip kungase kube inketho kuwe uma ubuhlungu be-hip buphazamisa imisebenzi yansuku zonke futhi ukwelashwa okungahlinzeki akusizi noma akusasebenzi. Ukulimala kwe-arthritis yisizathu esivame kakhulu sokudinga ukushintshwa kwe-hip.
 

Kungani kwenziwa

Izimo ezingalimaza ukuhlangana kwe-hip, kwesinye isikhathi zenze ukuhlinzwa kwe-hip kudingekile, zifaka:

• I-osteoarthritis: I-osteoarthritis, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-arthritis egugile neyidabukile, ilimaza i-cartilage ebushelelezi emboza imikhawulo yamathambo futhi isize amalunga ukuba ahambe kahle.
• I-Rheumatoid arthritis: Ibangelwa isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela esisebenza ngokweqile, i-rheumatoid arthritis ikhiqiza uhlobo lokuvuvukala olungalimaza i-cartilage kanye nethambo elingaphansi ngezinye izikhathi, okuholela ekulimaleni nasekugugeni kwamalunga.
• I-Osteonecrosis: Uma igazi linganele elinikezwa engxenyeni ye-ball ye-hip joint, njengaleyo engase ibangelwe ukuhlukana noma ukuphuka, ithambo lingawa futhi liguge.
   

Ungase ucabangele ukushintshwa kwe-hip uma unezinhlungu ze-hip:

• Kuyaqhubeka, yize kunemithi yezinhlungu
• I-Worsens ngokuhamba, noma ngoswazi noma nge-walker
• Ukuphazamisa ubuthongo bakho
• Kwenza kube nzima ukugqoka
• Kuthinta ikhono lakho lokukhuphuka noma phansi izitebhisi
• Kwenza kube nzima ukuvuka endaweni ehleli phansi
   

Izingozi

Izingozi ezihambisana nokuhlinzwa esikhundleni se-hip zingafaka:
 

• Amahlule egazi: Amahlule angakheka emithanjeni yakho yemilenze ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kungaba yingozi ngoba ingxenye yehlule ingaphuka iye emaphashini akho, enhliziyweni noma, ngokungavamile, ebuchosheni bakho. Udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi yokunciphisa igazi ukuze anciphise le ngozi.
• ukutheleleka: Ukutheleleka kungenzeka endaweni yokusika kwakho nasezicubu ezijulile eziseduze nesinqe sakho esisha. Ukutheleleka okuningi kuphathwa ngemithi elwa namagciwane, kepha ukutheleleka okukhulu okuseduze nendawo yakho yokufakelwa kungadinga ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe futhi kufakwe i-prosthesis esikhundleni sayo.
• Ukuphuka: Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, izingxenye ezinempilo zokuhlangana kwakho kwe-hip zingaphuka. Kwesinye isikhathi ukuqhekeka kuncane ngokwanele ukuthi kungaziphilisa ngokwabo, kepha ukuphuka okukhulu kungadinga ukuzinziswa ngezingcingo, ngezikulufo, futhi mhlawumbe nensimbi noma ubuciko bethambo.
• Ukususwa: Izikhundla ezithile zingadala ukuthi ibhola lejoyinti lakho elisha liphume esokeni, ikakhulukazi ezinyangeni ezimbalwa zokuqala ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. Uma i-hip isuswa, udokotela wakho angakulinganisa ne-brace ukugcina i-hip isendaweni efanele. Uma i-hip yakho iqhubeka nokuqhekeka, ngokuvamile kudingeka ukuhlinzwa ukuze uyiqinise.
• Ukushintsha ubude bomlenze: Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo uthatha izinyathelo zokugwema inkinga, kepha kwesinye isikhathi inqulu entsha yenza umlenze owodwa ubude noma ube mfushane kunomunye. Kwesinye isikhathi lokhu kudalwa yisivumelwano semisipha ezungeze inqulu. Kulokhu, ukuqinisa nokwelula leyo misipha ngokuqhubekayo kungasiza. Akunakwenzeka ukuthi uqaphele, umehluko omncane kubude bomlenze ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa.
• Ukukhulula: Yize le nkinga ingavamile ngokufakelwa okusha, ilunga lakho elisha lingahle linganamatheli ngokuqinile ethanjeni lakho noma lingaxega ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kubangele ubuhlungu okhalweni lwakho. Ukuhlinzwa kungadingeka ukuze kulungiswe inkinga.
• Ukulimala kwezinzwa: Akuvamile ukuthi imizwa endaweni lapho kufakwe khona i-implant ilimale. Ukulimala kwemizwa kungabangela ukungazweli, ubuthakathaka kanye nobuhlungu.
   

Kudingeka ukushintshwa kwesinqe kwesibili

Ukuhlanganiswa kwakho kwe-hip yokufakelwa kungahle kuphele ekugcineni, ikakhulukazi uma uhlinzekwa nge-hip lapho usemncane futhi usebenza. Ngemuva kwalokho ungahle udinge ukushintshwa kwesinqe kwesibili. Kodwa-ke, izinto ezintsha zenza izimpande zihlale isikhathi eside.
 

Ulungiselela kanjani

Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa uzohlangana nodokotela wakho wamathambo ukuze uhlolwe. Udokotela ohlinzayo uzo:
 

• Buza ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha nemithi yamanje
• Hlola inqulu yakho, unake uhla lokunyakaza ejoyintini lakho namandla emisipha ezungezile
• Oda ukuhlolwa kwegazi, kanye ne-X-ray. I-MRI ayidingeki kangako

Ngalesi sikhathi sokuhlolwa kokusebenza kuqala yisikhathi esihle sakho sokubuza imibuzo ngenqubo. Qiniseka ukuthi uthola ukuthi imiphi imithi okufanele uyigweme noma uqhubeke uyiphuze esontweni ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.

Ngoba ukusetshenziswa kukagwayi kungaphazamisa ukwelashwa, yeka ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo kagwayi okungenani inyanga ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa futhi okungenani izinyanga ezimbili ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. Uma udinga usizo ukuze uyeke, khuluma nodokotela wakho.

Awunawo umsebenzi wamazinyo, okuhlanganisa ukuhlanza amazinyo, amasonto amabili ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
 

Yini ongayilindela

Lapho uhlola ukuhlinzwa kwakho, uzocelwa ukuthi ukhiphe izingubo zakho futhi ugqoke ingubo yasesibhedlela. Uzonikezwa i-spinal block, ebamba ingxenye engezansi yomzimba wakho, noma isibulala-zinzwa esivamile.

Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo angakunika ne-block block ngokujova i-anesthetic ezungeze izinzwa noma ngaphakathi nakuzungeze ilunga ukusiza ukuvimba ubuhlungu ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kwakho.
 

Ngesikhathi senqubo

Inqubo yokuhlinzwa ithatha amahora ambalwa. Ukwenza ukufaka esikhundleni se-hip, udokotela wakho ohlinzayo:
 

• Yenza imbobo ngaphezulu ngaphambili noma ohlangothini lwesinqe sakho, ngokusebenzisa izingqimba zezicubu
• Isusa amathambo nesifo se-cartilage esigulayo nesonakele, ishiya ithambo eliphilile liqinile
• Kufaka isokhethi lokufakelwa ethanjeni lakho le-pelvic, ukufaka esikhundleni sesokhethi elimele
• Faka esikhundleni sebhola eliyindilinga ngaphezulu kwe-femur yakho nebhola lokufakelwa, elinamathele esiqwini esilingana nolayini lwakho

Amasu wokushintshwa kwe-hip aqhubeka njalo. Odokotela abahlinzayo bayaqhubeka nokuthuthukisa izindlela zokuhlinza ezingatheni, ezinganciphisa isikhathi sokululama nobuhlungu.
 

Ngemuva kwenqubo

Ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, uzothuthelwa endaweni yokutakula amahora ambalwa ngenkathi i-anesthesia yakho iphela. Abasebenzi bezokwelapha bazobheka umfutho wegazi, ukushaya ngamandla, ukuqaphela, ubuhlungu noma izinga lokunethezeka, kanye nesidingo sakho semithi.

Abanye abantu bangaya emakhaya ngosuku olufanayo, kepha iningi lingeniswa esibhedlela ubusuku obubodwa noma obubili. Uzocelwa ukuthi uphefumule ngokujulile, ukukhwehlela noma ukushaya into yokusiza ukugcina uketshezi lungangeni emaphashini akho.
 

Ukuvinjelwa kwegazi

Ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwakho, uzoba sengcupheni eyengeziwe yamahlule egazi emilenzeni yakho. Izinyathelo ezingenzeka zokuvimbela le nkinga zihlanganisa:
 

• Ukuthutha kusenesikhathi: Uzokhuthazwa ukuthi uhlale phansi futhi uhambe ngezinduku noma nge-walker ngokushesha ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kungenzeka ngosuku olufanayo nokuhlinzwa kwakho noma ngosuku olulandelayo.
• Ukusebenzisa ingcindezi: Kokubili ngesikhathi nangemva kokuhlinzwa, ungahle ugqoke amasokisi wokuncipha okunwebeka noma imikhono yomoya e-inflatable efana nesigaxa somfutho wegazi emilenzeni yakho engezansi. Ingcindezi etholakala emikhonweni enomoya usiza ukugcina igazi lingangeni emithanjeni yemilenze, kunciphise amathuba okuthi amahlule abe khona.
• Imithi yokunciphisa igazi: Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo angahle anikeze igazi elifakiwe noma lomlomo elincanyana ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. Ngokuya ngokuthi uhamba ngokushesha kangakanani, ukhuthele kangakanani nokuthi unengcuphe engakanani yamahlule egazi, ungadinga izinciphisi zegazi amasonto ambalwa ngemuva kokuhlinzwa.
   

Physiotherapy

Umelaphi angakusiza ngokuzivocavoca umzimba ongakwenza esibhedlela nasekhaya ukusheshisa ukululama.

Umsebenzi nokuzivocavoca kufanele kube yingxenye evamile yosuku lwakho ukuze uphinde usebenzise ilunga lakho nemisipha. Umhlinzeki wakho womzimba uzoncoma ukuqinisa nokuzivocavoca umzimba futhi uzokusiza ukuthi ufunde ukusebenzisa insiza yokuhamba, efana nomuntu ohamba ngezinyawo, umoba noma izinduku. Njengoba ukwelashwa kuqhubeka, ngokuvamile uzokwandisa isisindo osibeka emlenzeni wakho uze ukwazi ukuhamba ngaphandle kosizo.
 

Ukunakekelwa kokubuyiselwa ekhaya nokulandelela

Ngaphambi kokuba uphume esibhedlela, wena nabanakekeli bakho nizothola izeluleko ngokunakekela isinqe sakho esisha. Ushintsho olubushelelezi:
 

• Hlela ukuthi umngane noma isihlobo sikulungiselele ukudla
• Beka izinto zansuku zonke ezingeni okhalweni, ngakho-ke ngeke kudingeke ukuthi ugobe phansi noma ufinyelele phezulu
• Cabanga ukwenza izinguquko ezithile ekhaya lakho, njengokuthola isihlalo sendlu yangasese esiphakanyisiwe uma ngokuvamile unendlu yangasese ephansi
• Beka izinto ozidingayo, ezifana nefoni yakho, izicubu, irimothi ye-TV, umuthi nezincwadi eduze kwendawo lapho ozochitha khona isikhathi sakho esiningi ngesikhathi sokululama

Emasontweni ayisithupha kuya kwayi-12 ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, uzoba nesikhathi sokulandelwa nodokotela ohlinzayo ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi inyonga yakho iyelulama kahle. Uma ukutakula kuqhubeka kahle, abantu abaningi baqala kabusha okungenani uhlobo oluthile lwemisebenzi yabo ejwayelekile ngalesi sikhathi. Ukululama okuqhubekayo ngamandla athuthukisayo kuzovame ukwenzeka izinyanga eziyisithupha kuya kwezingu-12.
 

Imiphumela

Lindela i-hip joint yakho entsha ukuze unciphise ubuhlungu obuzwile ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwakho futhi ukwandise ububanzi bokunyakaza ekuhlanganyeleni kwakho. Kodwa ungalindeli ukwenza konke obungakwenza ngaphambi kokuba inqulu ibe buhlungu.

Imisebenzi enomthelela omkhulu njengokugijima noma ukudlala i-basketball ingase ibe yinto ecindezela kakhulu esithweni sakho sokufakelwa. Kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ungase ukwazi ukubhukuda, ukudlala igalofu, ukuhamba ngezinyawo noma ukugibela ibhayisikili ngokunethezeka.