Radiation therapy is a non-surgical cancer treatment that uses carefully controlled high-energy radiation to damage cancer cells and limit their ability to grow. It may be used alone or alongside surgery, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or other medicines, depending on the cancer type and treatment goal.
Corpus callosotomy is a brain operation used mainly for severe epilepsy when seizures continue despite appropriate medicines. The surgeon partly or fully divides the corpus callosum, the bundle of nerve fibres connecting the brain’s two halves, to reduce the spread of seizure activity from one side to the other.
Pituitary tumor surgery removes or reduces a growth in the pituitary gland, a small organ at the base of the brain that controls many hormones. It may help people whose tumor affects vision, produces excess hormones, presses on nearby structures, or cannot be adequately controlled with medicines.
Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt placement is a surgical procedure used to treat hydrocephalus, a condition in which excess cerebrospinal fluid builds up around the brain. The shunt redirects this fluid through a thin tube into the abdomen, where the body can absorb it.
Cerebral aneurysm clipping is a brain surgery that closes an aneurysm, a weakened and bulging area in a brain artery, before or after it ruptures. During the operation, a neurosurgeon places a small metal clip across the aneurysm’s neck to stop blood from entering it while preserving circulation through the healthy artery.
Brain tumor surgery removes all or part of an abnormal growth in the brain or collects tissue for diagnosis. It may help people with cancerous or non-cancerous tumors that cause symptoms, affect vital brain functions, or require precise identification before further treatment.
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a surgical treatment that uses thin electrodes placed in specific brain areas to deliver controlled electrical impulses. It may help selected people with movement disorders or certain neurological conditions when medicines no longer provide adequate symptom control or cause difficult side effects.
A laminectomy is a spine operation that removes part or all of the lamina, the bony covering at the back of a vertebra. This creates more room for compressed nerves or the spinal cord and may help people with persistent pain, weakness, numbness, or difficulty walking.
A craniectomy is a major neurosurgical procedure in which a section of the skull is temporarily removed to relieve dangerous pressure on the brain or allow access for treatment. It may help people with severe head injuries, major strokes, brain swelling, bleeding, infections or selected tumours.
A craniotomy is a surgical procedure in which a neurosurgeon temporarily removes a section of the skull to access the brain. It may help people with brain tumours, bleeding, abnormal blood vessels, serious head injuries, infections, or pressure that threatens brain function.
