चेन्नई जवळील सर्वोत्तम रुग्णालयप्रतिमा
Nephrology at Apollo Hospitals, Gurugram, provides care for adults with kidney disease, sudden changes in kidney function, protein or blood in the urine, difficult-to-control blood pressure, electrolyte disturbances and inherited kidney conditions. Patients may be referred after an abnormal blood or urine test, during an acute illness, or when long-term kidney support is being considered.
Kidney problems often develop alongside diabetes, high blood pressure and heart disease. As kidney function declines, people may also develop anemia, fluid retention, changes in potassium or acid levels, and bone and mineral problems. Nephrologists therefore consider the person's complete medical history, current medicines, test results and other health conditions before recommending treatment.
Care may include medicines and nutrition advice to protect remaining kidney function, treatment of complications, dialysis planning and assessment for kidney transplantation. Laboratory services, imaging, kidney biopsy, dialysis, critical care and specialist referrals can be coordinated according to clinical need.
Our Nephrology टीम
Consultant nephrologists may work with transplant physicians and surgeons, urologists, critical care doctors, dialysis-trained nurses, renal dietitians, pharmacists and other specialists. This coordinated approach is useful when a patient has several medical conditions, requires dialysis access, or is being assessed for transplantation. Our specialists include:
नेफ्रोलॉजी
+ years ,
MBBS, MD, DM, DNB, MNAMS, FISN, FISOT, Dip Yoga, Novartis Transplant Fellow (AIIMS)
- तीव्र मूत्रपिंड
- Acute Kidney Problems
- Glomerular and Immune-Mediated Kidney Disease
- Inherited and Structural Kidney Conditions
- Stones, Infections and Electrolyte Disorders
- मूत्रपिंडाच्या आजाराच्या गुंतागुंती
तीव्र मूत्रपिंड
क्रॉनिक किडनी रोग: CKD is diagnosed when abnormalities of kidney structure or function persist for at least three months. Early disease may cause no symptoms and may be found through blood or urine testing. As it advances, symptoms can include swelling, fatigue, poor appetite, nausea, itching, sleep problems and changes in urination. Kidney damage is not always reversible, but treating the cause and risk factors can often slow progression and reduce complications.
मधुमेह किडनी रोग: Diabetes can damage the kidney filters and is a major cause of CKD. Urine albumin and estimated glomerular filtration rate can identify kidney involvement before symptoms develop. People with type 2 diabetes generally need testing from diagnosis, while testing in type 1 diabetes usually begins after several years of disease. The interval is adjusted when kidney disease is already present.
हायपरटेन्सिव्ह किडनी रोग: Long-standing high blood pressure can damage the kidneys, while kidney disease can make blood pressure harder to control. Treatment addresses both blood pressure and the person's overall cardiovascular and kidney risk.
मूत्रपिंड निकामी होणे: Advanced CKD may eventually require dialysis or transplantation, but the decision is based on symptoms, complications, kidney function and the patient's goals. Planning begins early because dialysis access and transplant assessment take time.
Acute Kidney Problems
तीव्र मूत्रपिंड इजा: AKI is a sudden decline in kidney function over hours or days. It may occur with severe dehydration, infection, sepsis, low blood pressure, urinary obstruction, major surgery or certain medicines. Some people recover fully, while others have incomplete recovery or develop chronic kidney disease, so follow-up after AKI is important.
Medication-related Kidney Injury: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, some antibiotics and other medicines can affect the kidneys, particularly during dehydration or in people with existing kidney disease. Prescription medicines, over-the-counter products and supplements should all be reviewed.
Kidney Concerns Around Contrast Imaging: Modern contrast-enhanced scans can provide important diagnostic information. Kidney risk depends on the type of contrast, route of administration, current kidney function and other clinical factors. The imaging and treating teams weigh the benefits and risks and use preventive measures when appropriate.
Glomerular and Immune-Mediated Kidney Disease
नेफ्रोटिक सिंड्रोम: Heavy protein loss in the urine can cause frothy urine, swelling and low blood protein levels. The underlying cause varies, and a kidney biopsy may be recommended when the result is likely to change treatment.
IgA Nephropathy and Glomerulonephritis: Inflammation of the kidney filters may cause visible or microscopic blood in the urine, protein in the urine, high blood pressure or reduced kidney function. Treatment depends on the cause and severity.
Lupus Nephritis and Vasculitis: Autoimmune conditions can inflame kidney tissue and may progress quickly. Assessment can include blood tests, urine tests and kidney biopsy, with treatment coordinated with rheumatology when needed.
Inherited and Structural Kidney Conditions
Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease: This inherited condition causes multiple kidney cysts and can be associated with high blood pressure, pain, blood in the urine and gradual loss of kidney function. Family screening and genetic counseling may be discussed according to age, family history and individual preference.
अवरोधक यूरोपॅथी: Stones, an enlarged prostate, strictures or tumors can block urine flow and damage the kidneys. Prompt drainage or treatment of the obstruction may be needed, usually in coordination with urology.
Congenital and Reflux-related Kidney Disease: Structural differences present from birth or childhood can lead to scarring, recurrent infection, high blood pressure or reduced kidney function later in life.
Stones, Infections and Electrolyte Disorders
वारंवार होणारे किडनी स्टोन: Stones may cause severe pain in the side or back, blood in the urine, nausea or vomiting. Nephrology focuses on metabolic evaluation and prevention, while urology manages obstruction and procedures to remove stones.
Kidney and Urinary Infections: A kidney infection may cause fever, chills, pain in the back or side, nausea and urinary symptoms. Recurrent infections may require evaluation for stones, obstruction or another structural problem.
Electrolyte and Acid-base Disorders: Abnormal sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphate or bicarbonate levels can arise from kidney disease, medicines or other illnesses. Severe potassium abnormalities can affect the heart rhythm and require urgent treatment.
मूत्रपिंडाच्या आजाराच्या गुंतागुंती
Anemia in Chronic Kidney Disease: CKD can contribute to low hemoglobin through reduced erythropoietin production, iron deficiency, inflammation and other factors. Treatment is based on the cause, symptoms, kidney function and the risks and benefits of therapy.
CKD Mineral and Bone Disorder: Changes in phosphate, calcium, vitamin D and parathyroid hormone can affect bones and blood vessels. Management may include dietary changes and medicines selected according to blood tests and the stage of CKD.
Fluid Overload and Cardiorenal Syndrome: Kidney and heart problems can worsen one another and lead to swelling or breathlessness. Fluid balance and medicines may need joint management by nephrology and cardiology.
- Hemodialysis Systems
- Dialysis Water Treatment
- Infection Prevention in Dialysis
- स्वयंचलित पेरिटोनियल डायलिसिस
- Ultrasound-guided Procedures
- Continuous Kidney Replacement Therapy
- Transplant Compatibility Testing
- Electronic Treatment Records
Hemodialysis Systems
Modern machines monitor blood flow, pressures and fluid removal throughout treatment. The prescription and fluid-removal rate are adjusted to the patient's needs and tolerance.
Dialysis Water Treatment
Hemodialysis requires carefully treated water and regular monitoring of water quality because patients are exposed to large volumes during treatment.
Infection Prevention in Dialysis
Hand hygiene, safe injection practices, station disinfection, vascular-access care and surveillance help reduce infection risk. Patients with hepatitis B require specific isolation arrangements and dedicated equipment. Hepatitis C is managed with strict infection-control precautions and treatment according to current guidance.
स्वयंचलित पेरिटोनियल डायलिसिस
A programmed cycler can perform exchanges overnight for suitable patients, allowing treatment to take place at home after training and assessment.
Ultrasound-guided Procedures
Real-time ultrasound can help guide kidney biopsy and central venous catheter placement by showing anatomy and the planned needle or catheter path.
Continuous Kidney Replacement Therapy
CRRT systems support gradual fluid and waste removal in selected critically ill patients.
Transplant Compatibility Testing
Blood-group testing, tissue typing, antibody assessment and crossmatching help evaluate immunological compatibility and rejection risk.
Electronic Treatment Records
Digital records can support review of kidney function trends, dialysis prescriptions, access information, medicines and transplant monitoring over time.
1
मूत्रपिंडाच्या आजाराची सुरुवातीची लक्षणे कोणती?
Early kidney disease often causes no symptoms. It may first appear as a change in eGFR or albumin, protein or blood in the urine. Swelling, fatigue, poor appetite, nausea, itching and changes in urination may occur later, but testing is more reliable than waiting for symptoms.
2
Which tests are commonly used to check kidney health?
A blood creatinine test with eGFR and a urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio are commonly used together. Urinalysis, blood pressure measurement and ultrasound may be added according to the clinical situation.
3
Can chronic kidney disease be reversed?
Some causes of reduced kidney function can improve, but established chronic damage is often not reversible. Treating the cause, controlling blood pressure and diabetes, using appropriate medicines and avoiding further injury can slow progression and reduce complications.
4
How often should people with diabetes have kidney tests?
People with type 2 diabetes generally need eGFR and urine albumin testing from the time of diagnosis and at least annually. In type 1 diabetes, annual screening usually begins five years after diagnosis. Testing may be more frequent when CKD is present or results are changing.
5
Can painkillers damage the kidneys?
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen and diclofenac can reduce blood flow to the kidneys, particularly during dehydration or in people with CKD, heart failure or certain other conditions. Ask a clinician before using them if you have kidney disease, and avoid taking them regularly without medical advice.
6
Are herbal or traditional remedies safe for people with kidney disease?
Not automatically. Some products may contain ingredients that injure the kidneys, interact with medicines or accumulate when kidney function is reduced. Show the complete product label or ingredient list to the treating clinician before using it.
7
Does every patient with nephrotic syndrome need a kidney biopsy?
No. The need for biopsy depends on age, likely cause, blood and urine findings, other conditions and whether the result would change treatment. The nephrologist discusses the expected benefit and bleeding risk before recommending it.
8
When is dialysis started?
Dialysis is not started on the basis of one eGFR or creatinine value alone. Symptoms and complications such as persistent fluid overload, severe potassium or acid-base disturbances, inflammation around the heart, poor nutrition or uremic symptoms are considered together with kidney function and the patient's goals.
9
हेमोडायलिसिसला किती वेळ लागतो?
Maintenance hemodialysis is often given several times a week, with each session lasting several hours, but the prescription varies. Frequency and duration depend on remaining kidney function, body size, fluid gain, laboratory results and the type of dialysis available.
10
डायलिसिस वेदनादायक आहे का?
The filtering process itself is not painful. Needle insertion into a fistula or graft can cause brief discomfort, and some people experience cramps, low blood pressure, headache or fatigue during or after treatment. Tell the dialysis team so the cause and prescription can be reviewed.
11
हेमोडायलिसिस आणि पेरीटोनियल डायलिसिसमध्ये काय फरक आहे?
Hemodialysis filters blood through a machine, usually in a dialysis unit. Peritoneal dialysis uses the lining of the abdomen and is performed daily at home after training. Medical suitability, home circumstances, lifestyle and patient preference all influence the choice.
12
Why should dialysis access be planned early?
A fistula needs time to mature, and other access options also require assessment and coordination. Early planning may reduce the need to begin maintenance dialysis through a temporary catheter, which has a higher infection risk.
13
Is kidney transplantation better than dialysis?
For many medically suitable patients, transplantation can improve survival and quality of life compared with remaining on dialysis. It is not suitable for everyone and requires surgery, a donor pathway or waiting-list process, and lifelong anti-rejection treatment. Assessment is individualized.
14
Can a person live normally after donating a kidney?
Carefully selected living donors can usually live active lives with one kidney. Donation is major surgery and carries short- and long-term risks, so independent donor assessment, informed consent and long-term health follow-up are essential. The process must follow Indian transplant law.
15
What should someone with CKD eat?
There is no single kidney diet. Sodium, protein, potassium, phosphate and fluid advice depends on kidney function, blood results, nutrition status and whether the person is receiving dialysis. A renal dietitian can help avoid both excessive restriction and inadequate nutrition.
16
When should kidney-related symptoms be treated as an emergency?
Seek urgent care for very little or no urine, severe breathlessness, confusion, chest pain, fainting, seizures, rapidly increasing swelling, persistent vomiting or suspected severe potassium disturbance.
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