Zanamivir - Ntchito, Mlingo, Zotsatirapo ndi Zina

Chiyambi: Kodi Zanamivir ndi chiyani?

Zanamivir ndi mankhwala oletsa mavairasi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pochiza ndi kupewa chimfine, chomwe chimadziwika kuti chimfine. Ndi cha gulu la mankhwala otchedwa neuraminidase inhibitors, omwe amagwira ntchito poletsa ntchito ya enzyme ya neuraminidase pamwamba pa kachilombo ka chimfine. Izi zimathandiza kuletsa kachilomboka kufalikira m'thupi, potero kuchepetsa kuopsa ndi nthawi ya zizindikiro za chimfine.

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zanamivir

Zanamivir yavomerezedwa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza chimfine chosavuta kwa odwala azaka 7 kapena kuposerapo omwe akhala ndi zizindikiro kwa masiku osapitirira awiri. Imagwiritsidwanso ntchito popewa chimfine kwa anthu azaka 5 kapena kuposerapo omwe adakumana ndi kachilomboka. Zanamivir imagwira ntchito bwino polimbana ndi mavairasi onse a chimfine A ndi B.

Kodi Ntchito?

Zanamivir imagwira ntchito poletsa enzyme ya neuraminidase, yomwe ndi yofunika kwambiri kuti kachilombo ka fuluwenza kachuluke ndikufalikira. Kachiromboka kakalowa mu selo, kamagwiritsa ntchito neuraminidase kutulutsa tinthu tatsopano ta kachilomboka kuchokera mu selo lomwe lili ndi kachilomboka. Mwa kuletsa enzyme iyi, Zanamivir imaletsa kachilomboka kutuluka mu selo ndikuyambitsa matenda ena, motero imaletsa kufalikira kwa matendawa ndikuthandiza chitetezo cha mthupi kumenyana ndi kachilomboka bwino.

Mlingo ndi Utsogoleri

Zanamivir ya chimfine cha nyengo imapezeka ngati ufa wouma wopumira pakamwa ndipo imaperekedwa pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chapadera chotchedwa Diskhaler. Mlingo wokhazikika wa akuluakulu ndi ana azaka 7 kapena kuposerapo pochiza ndi 10 mg (kupumira kawiri) kawiri patsiku kwa masiku asanu. Popewa, mlingo ndi 10 mg (kupumira kawiri) kamodzi patsiku kwa masiku 10 mutatenga kachilomboka. Kwa ana azaka zovomerezeka, mlingo ndi wofanana ndi wa akuluakulu, koma ndikofunikira kufunsa dokotala kuti akupatseni malangizo enaake.

Zotsatirapo za Zanamivir

Zotsatira zoyipa za Zanamivir zitha kukhala izi:

• Kukuda
• Kupweteka kwapakhosi
• Kusokonezeka kwapadera
• mutu
• nseru

Zotsatira zoyipa, ngakhale ndizosowa, zingaphatikizepo:

• Thupi lawo siligwirizana (zidzolo, kuyabwa, kutupa)
• Kuvuta kupuma kapena kupuma movutikira
• Zochitika za matenda amisala (chisokonezo, kuona zinthu m'maganizo)

Odwala ayenera kufunafuna chithandizo chamankhwala mwachangu ngati akumana ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa.

Kuyanjana kwa Mankhwala

Kuyanjana kwakukulu kwa mankhwala ndi Zanamivir sikwachilendo chifukwa imayamwa pang'ono m'thupi. Komabe, ndikofunikira kudziwitsa dokotala wanu za mankhwala onse omwe mukumwa, kuphatikizapo mankhwala ogulitsidwa kunja kwa dokotala ndi zowonjezera. Dokotala wanu adzaganizira izi:

• Mankhwala ena oletsa mavairasi
• Achifwamba
• Odwala matenda opatsirana pogonana

Ubwino wa Zanamivir

Zanamivir ili ndi ubwino wambiri, kuphatikizapo:

• Kuyamba kugwira ntchito mwachangu, ndipo odwala ambiri amayamba kuona kusintha kwa zizindikiro za chimfine tsiku loyamba la chithandizo.
• Yothandiza polimbana ndi mitundu yonse ya chimfine A ndi B.
• Ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza komanso kupewa chimfine.
• Njira yopumira imalola kuti mpweya ufike mwachindunji m'njira yopumira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mpweya ugwire bwino ntchito.

Zotsutsana ndi Zanamivir

Anthu ena ayenera kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito Zanamivir, kuphatikizapo:

• Anthu omwe ali ndi mbiri ya ziwengo zazikulu ku Zanamivir kapena chilichonse mwa zigawo zake.
• Amayi oyembekezera kapena oyamwitsa ayenera kufunsa dokotala wawo asanagwiritse ntchito, chifukwa ubwino ndi zoopsa zomwe zingachitike ziyenera kuganiziridwa mosamala payekhapayekha.

Kusamala ndi machenjezo

Musanagwiritse ntchito Zanamivir, odwala ayenera kudziwitsa dokotala wawo za matenda aliwonse omwe alipo kale, makamaka mavuto a kupuma. Zanamivir nthawi zambiri sivomerezeka kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda enaake a mapapu monga mphumu kapena COPD chifukwa cha chiopsezo cha bronchospasm; ngati igwiritsidwa ntchito, iyenera kuchitidwa mosamala kwambiri komanso moyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala. Kusamala kwambiri ndi kuyang'aniridwa mosamala ndikofunikira kwa anthu omwe ali ndi mphumu, COPD, kapena matenda ena osatha a m'mapapo, ndipo othandizira azaumoyo amatha kuyang'ana momwe mapapo amagwirira ntchito kuchipatala (mwachitsanzo, poyang'anira zizindikiro ndi kuchuluka kwa mpweya m'mapapo) ngati pali nkhawa.

Ibibazo

1. Kodi Zanamivir imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa chiyani? Zanamivir imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza chimfine mwa odwala azaka 7 kapena kuposerapo komanso kupewa chimfine mwa odwala azaka 5 kapena kuposerapo.
2. Kodi Zanamivir imaperekedwa bwanji? Zanamivir imapumidwa pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizo cha Diskhaler.
3. Zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zimachitika nthawi zambiri ndi zotani? Zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zimachitika nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo chifuwa, kukwiya pakhosi, komanso mutu.
4. Kodi Zanamivir ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kwa ana? Inde, Zanamivir yavomerezedwa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza chimfine mwa ana azaka 7 kapena kuposerapo komanso popewa chimfine mwa ana azaka 5 kapena kuposerapo.
5. Kodi Zanamivir imagwira ntchito mofulumira bwanji? Odwala ambiri amaona kusintha kwa zizindikiro za chimfine tsiku loyamba la chithandizo, makamaka pamene Zanamivir yayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito mkati mwa maola 48 kuchokera pamene zizindikiro za chimfine zayamba.
6. Kodi Zanamivir ndi yotetezeka panthawi ya mimba? Amayi oyembekezera ayenera kufunsa dokotala wawo asanagwiritse ntchito Zanamivir.
7. Kodi ndingatani ndikaphonya mlingo? Ngati mwaphonya mlingo, imwani mwamsanga mukangokumbukira, koma musawonjezere kawiri mlingo.
8. Kodi ndingatenge Zanamivir pamodzi ndi mankhwala ena? Dziwitsani dokotala wanu za mankhwala onse omwe mukumwa kuti mupewe kuyanjana ndi mankhwala ena.
9. Kodi ndiyenera kumwa Zanamivir nthawi yayitali bwanji? Pochiza, Zanamivir nthawi zambiri imatengedwa kwa masiku asanu; popewera, mpaka masiku 10.
10. Ndichite chiyani ngati ndikukumana ndi zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri? Fufuzani thandizo lachipatala mwamsanga ngati mukukumana ndi mavuto aakulu monga kupuma movutikira kapena ziwengo.

Mayina A Brand

Zanamivir imagulitsidwa pansi pa dzina la Relenza. Ikhozanso kupezeka m'mitundu yodziwika bwino, kutengera dziko lomwe ili.

Kutsiliza

Zanamivir ndi mankhwala opha mavairasi othandiza kwambiri pochiza ndi kupewa chimfine. Kagwiridwe kake ka ntchito, kugwira ntchito bwino polimbana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kachilomboka, komanso kuyambika msanga kwa chithandizo kumapangitsa kuti ikhale njira yofunika kwambiri kwa odwala omwe ali pachiwopsezo cha matenda a chimfine. Komabe, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito Zanamivir motsogozedwa ndi dokotala kuti muwonetsetse kuti ndi yotetezeka komanso yogwira ntchito bwino.