Streptomycin - Uses, Dosage, Side Effects and More

Chiyambi: Kodi Streptomycin ndi chiyani?

Streptomycin ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo omwe ali m'gulu la mankhwala a aminoglycoside. Anapezeka koyamba mu 1943 ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pochiza matenda osiyanasiyana a mabakiteriya, makamaka omwe amayamba chifukwa cha Mycobacterium tuberculosis, mabakiteriya omwe amachititsa chifuwa chachikulu (TB). Streptomycin imagwira ntchito poletsa kupanga mapuloteni a mabakiteriya, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yothandiza polimbana ndi mabakiteriya osiyanasiyana a gramu-negative ndi ena a gramu-positive.

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Streptomycin

Streptomycin yavomerezedwa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana zachipatala, kuphatikizapo:

• TB (TB): Kawirikawiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi mankhwala ena oletsa chifuwa chachikulu pochiza matenda opatsirana a chifuwa chachikulu.
• Matenda a Bakiteriya: Yothandiza polimbana ndi matenda oyambitsidwa ndi Yersinia pestis (mliri) ndi Francisella tularensis (tularemia).
• Endocarditis: Nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a bacterial endocarditis.
• Matenda a Brucellosis: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi maantibayotiki ena pochiza brucellosis, matenda oyambitsidwa ndi mabakiteriya a Brucella.

Kodi Ntchito?

Streptomycin imagwira ntchito polumikizana ndi ribosome ya bakiteriya, yomwe ndi yofunika kwambiri popanga mapuloteni. Mwa kusokoneza ntchito ya ribosome, imaletsa mabakiteriya kupanga mapuloteni ofunikira kuti akule ndi kuberekana. Izi zimapangitsa kuti mabakiteriya afe, zomwe zimathandiza kuchotsa matenda m'thupi.

Mlingo ndi Utsogoleri

Mlingo wa Streptomycin umasiyana malinga ndi vuto lomwe wodwalayo akulandira komanso zaka zake ndi kulemera kwake.

Akuluakulu:

Mlingo wamba wa chifuwa chachikulu ndi 15 mg/kg (mpaka 1 g) woperekedwa ndi intramuscularly kamodzi patsiku kapena m'magawo ogawanika (monga, 25-30 mg/kg 2-3 pa sabata).

Zachipatala:

Kwa ana, mlingo nthawi zambiri umakhala 20-40 mg/kg/tsiku (osapitirira 1-2 g kutengera zaka), wogawidwa ngati tsiku lililonse, woperekedwa kudzera mu jakisoni.

Streptomycin imaperekedwa kudzera mu jakisoni wa m'mitsempha, ndipo kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa kumatha kusiyana kutengera dongosolo la chithandizo. Ndikofunikira kutsatira malangizo a dokotala okhudza mlingo ndi kuperekedwa kwa mankhwalawa.

Zotsatirapo za Streptomycin

Zotsatira zoyipa za Streptomycin zitha kukhala izi:

• Mseru ndi kusanza
• kutsekula
• Rash
• malungo
• Ululu pamalo obayira jakisoni

Zotsatira zoyipa zingaphatikizepo:

• Kuopsa kwa Ototoxicity: (kutayika kwa kumva)
• Kuopsa kwa Nephrotoxicity: (kuwonongeka kwa impso)
• Thupi lawo siligwirizana: (kutupa, kupuma movutikira)
• Kutsekeka kwa mitsempha ya m'mitsempha: (kufooka kwa minofu)

Odwala ayenera kufotokoza zizindikiro zilizonse zoopsa kapena zachilendo kwa wothandizira zaumoyo wawo mwamsanga.

Kuyanjana kwa Mankhwala

Streptomycin imatha kuyanjana ndi mankhwala angapo, zomwe zingawonjezere chiopsezo cha zotsatirapo zoyipa kapena kuchepetsa mphamvu. Kuyanjana kwakukulu kwa mankhwala ndi monga:

• Ma Aminoglycoside ena: Kuwonjezeka kwa chiopsezo cha matenda a nephrotoxicity.
• Okodzetsa: Monga furosemide, yomwe ingawonjezere chiopsezo cha poizoni wa ototoxic.
• Zoletsa Minofu ya M'mitsempha: Zingawonjezere chiopsezo cha kutsekeka kwa mitsempha ya m'mitsempha.

Nthawi zonse dziwitsani dokotala wanu za mankhwala onse, zowonjezera, ndi mankhwala azitsamba omwe mukumwa kuti mupewe kuyanjana ndi mankhwala ena.

Ubwino wa Streptomycin

Streptomycin ili ndi zabwino zingapo zachipatala:

• Kugwira Ntchito Polimbana ndi Matenda Osamva: Ikhoza kukhala yothandiza polimbana ndi mitundu ina ya mabakiteriya omwe sagonjetsedwa ndi maantibayotiki ena.
• Combination Therapy: Kawirikawiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi maantibayotiki ena, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chithandizo chikhale chothandiza pa matenda monga chifuwa chachikulu.
• Kuchita Mwachangu: Streptomycin imatha kuchepetsa msanga kuchuluka kwa mabakiteriya, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matenda ena achire msanga.

Zotsutsana za Streptomycin

Anthu ena ayenera kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito Streptomycin, kuphatikizapo:

• Azimayi Oyembekezera: FDA Mimba Gulu D; pewani nthawi yonse ya mimba, chiopsezo chachikulu mu trimester yachiwiri/yachitatu (kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha ya cranial ya 8).
• Anthu omwe ali ndi Matenda a Impso: Kuwonjezeka kwa chiopsezo cha matenda a nephrotoxicity.
• Anthu omwe ali ndi mbiri ya ototoxicity: Mavuto a kumva kapena kusamva bwino m'thupi angakule kwambiri ndi Streptomycin.

Kusamala ndi machenjezo

Asanayambe kugwiritsa ntchito Streptomycin, odwala ayenera kuyesedwa m'labu, kuphatikizapo mayeso okhudza momwe impso zimagwirira ntchito, kuti aone zotsatirapo zake. Ndikofunikira kudziwitsa ogwira ntchito zachipatala za matenda aliwonse omwe alipo, ziwengo, kapena mankhwala omwe akumwa.

Ibibazo

• Kodi Streptomycin imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa chiyani? Streptomycin imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pochiza chifuwa chachikulu ndi matenda ena a bakiteriya monga mliri ndi brucellosis.
• Kodi Streptomycin imaperekedwa bwanji? Amaperekedwa kudzera mu jakisoni wa mu mnofu, nthawi zambiri kamodzi patsiku.
• Zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zimachitika nthawi zambiri ndi zotani? Zotsatirapo zoyipa zomwe zimachitika nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo nseru, kusanza, ndi ziphuphu.
• Kodi Streptomycin ingayambitse kutayika kwa kumva? Inde, zingayambitse poizoni wa ototoxicity, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti odwala ena asamve bwino.
• Kodi Streptomycin ndi yotetezeka panthawi ya mimba? Ayi, ndi zoletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito panthawi ya mimba chifukwa cha kuvulaza mwana wosabadwayo.
• Kodi Streptomycin imagwira ntchito bwanji? Zimaletsa kapangidwe ka mapuloteni a bakiteriya mwa kumangirira ku ribosome, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti bakiteriya afe.
• Kodi ndingatani ndikaphonya mlingo? Lumikizanani ndi dokotala wanu; musawonjezere mlingo.
• Kodi ndingathe kumwa mowa ndikumwa Streptomycin? Palibe kuyanjana mwachindunji koma pewani mowa kuti mupewe kutaya madzi m'thupi zomwe zingawonjezere poizoni m'thupi.
• Kodi ndiyenera kumwa Streptomycin kwa nthawi yayitali bwanji? Nthawi ya chithandizo imasiyana malinga ndi matenda omwe akuchiritsidwa; tsatirani malangizo a dokotala wanu.
• Kodi pali malamulo aliwonse okhudzana ndi zakudya pa Streptomycin? Palibe malamulo enieni okhudza zakudya, koma kudya zakudya zoyenera n'koyenera. Pewani kudya sodium yambiri ngati impso yanu ili ndi vuto.

Mayina A Brand

Streptomycin imapezeka ngati Streptomycin Sulfate Injection (yomwe ndi yofala kwambiri; palibe mitundu ina ya mankhwala m'misika yambiri).

Kutsiliza

Streptomycin ikadali mankhwala opha tizilombo ofunikira kwambiri pochiza matenda enaake a bakiteriya, makamaka chifuwa chachikulu. Kutha kwake kugwira ntchito bwino polimbana ndi mitundu yosagonjetseka komanso ntchito yake yophatikiza mankhwala kumapangitsa kuti ikhale chida chofunikira kwambiri mu zamankhwala amakono. Komabe, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa motsogozedwa ndi katswiri wazachipatala kuti muchepetse zoopsa ndikuwonetsetsa kuti chithandizocho chikugwira ntchito bwino.