Best Encephalitis Doctors in Kolkata

Encephalitis, characterised by acute inflammation of the brain, is triggered by viral, bacterial, fungal, or autoimmune infections. Immediate medical attention upon diagnosis is crucial to prevent irreversible damage and optimise patient outcomes. Susceptibility to encephalitis can be influenced by factors such as immunosuppression, age, and exposure to specific pathogens.

Apollo Hospitals in Kolkata boasts some of the finest specialists for encephalitis treatment who are adept at treating such cases. Apollo Hospitals boasts a national presence with advanced facilities and highly-skilled specialists, offering top-notch care across various medical specialities.

Types/Stages of Encephalitis

Encephalitis can be broadly categorised into two types:

• Infectious Encephalitis: Encephalitis is caused by viruses that invade the brain. The viruses can be passed through mosquito or tick bites, and symptoms typically develop quickly over days to weeks.

• Autoimmune encephalitis: It occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks the brain. In about 90% of cases, the cause is unknown.

Symptoms of Encephalitis

The symptoms of encephalitis may vary depending on the severity and area of the brain affected. Some common symptoms include:

• Persistent headaches

• Sensitivity to light

• A stiff neck

• Mental confusion and behavioural changes

• Fever accompanied by fatigue or loss of energy

• Aches in muscles or joints.

• Memory issues.

Tests to Diagnose Encephalitis

To diagnose the condition, several tests may be recommended by experts such as neurological encephalitis specialists, including:

• Lumbar Puncture (Spinal Tap): To obtain cerebrospinal fluid for laboratory analysis.

• Brain Imaging (Magnetic Resonance Imaging or Computed Tomography Scan): To detect inflammation or other abnormalities in the brain.

• Electroencephalogram (EEG): To monitor brain activity.

• Blood Tests: To identify the presence of bacteria, viruses, or immune responses linked to encephalitis.

Treatment or Surgery Options for Encephalitis at Apollo Hospitals, Kolkata

Apollo Hospitals' top specialists for encephalitis treatment in Kolkata ensure personalised patient care to maximise recovery prospects. Depending on the cause and severity of encephalitis, they may employ various treatment strategies, such as:

• Antiviral Medications: For viral encephalitis, antiviral drugs such as Acyclovir are usually prescribed.

• Antibiotics or Antifungal Medications: These are used when encephalitis is caused by bacterial or fungal infections.

• Steroids: To reduce brain inflammation.

• Immune Therapies: These are often used for autoimmune encephalitis and include immunoglobulin therapy and plasmapheresis.

• Supportive Care: This involves managing symptoms with painkillers, hydration via IV fluids, and oxygen therapy if needed.