Uqhaqho lokuTshintsha idolo-Iintlobo, iNdleko, izalathiso, uLungiselelo, imingcipheko kunye nokuBuyisa

Yintoni uTyando lokuTshintsha idolo?

Utyando lokutshintshwa kwedolo, olukwabizwa ngokuba yi-knee arthroplasty, yinkqubo yonyango apho idolo elonakeleyo okanye eligugileyo litshintshwa ngokufakelwa okwenziweyo. Le nkqubo ikholisa ukucetyiswa kubantu abaneentlungu ezibuhlungu zedolo kunye nokuncipha kokushukuma ngenxa yeemeko ezifana ne-osteoarthritis, i-rheumatoid arthritis, okanye ukwenzakala okubuhlungu.

Injongo yokutshintshwa kwedolo kukukhulula intlungu, ukuphucula umsebenzi odibeneyo, kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi. Ngethuba lenkqubo, ugqirha ususa iindawo ezonakalisiweyo zedolo elihlangeneyo kwaye ubeke endaweni yazo ngentsimbi kunye neeplastiki eziphindaphinda ukunyakaza kwendalo kwamadolo. Utyando lunokuba yinxalenye okanye luphelele, kuxhomekeke kubungakanani bomonakalo odibeneyo.

Utyando lokubuyisela idolo luqwalaselwa xa unyango olungasebenzisiyo olufana namayeza, iinaliti, unyango lomzimba, okanye ukuguqulwa kwendlela yokuphila lusilela ukunika isiqabu. Sisisombululo esisebenza kakhulu esincede izigidi zabantu ukuba ziphinde zikwazi ukuhamba kwaye ziphile ubomi obusebenzayo.

Kutheni lwenziwa uTyando lokuTshintsha idolo?

Utyando lokutshintshwa kwedolo lwenziwa ukukhulula iintlungu ezingapheliyo zedolo, ukuphucula umsebenzi odibeneyo, nokubuyisela amandla akho okwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla njengokuhamba, ukunyuka izitebhisi, okanye ukuphuma esihlalweni. Ngokuqhelekileyo kuyacetyiswa xa umonakalo wamadolo usiba nzima kwaye ungasaphenduli kunyango olungasebenzisiyo olufana namayeza, inaliti ye-steroid, i-physiotherapy, okanye utshintsho lwendlela yokuphila.

Olu tyando alukho nje ngokunciphisa intlungu-imalunga nokubuyisela ukuzimela, ukuhamba, kunye nomgangatho wobomi bonke. Kwizigulana ezininzi, inika ithuba lokubuyela kwizinto zokuzonwabisa, emsebenzini, okanye kwimisebenzi yosapho ebenzima kakhulu ngenxa yemicimbi edibeneyo.

Iimeko eziqhelekileyo eziKhokelela kuTyando loTshintsho lwedolo

Iimeko ezininzi eziphantsi zingonakalisa idolo elidibeneyo ukuya kwindawo apho utyando luyimfuneko:

• Osteoarthritis:
  Osteoarthritis sesona sizathu siqhelekileyo sokutshintshwa kwedolo. I-osteoarthritis yimeko edibeneyo edibeneyo apho i-cartilage ekhuselayo iyancipha ngokuhamba kwexesha. Njengoko i-cartilage ikhula, amathambo aqala ukugudlana omnye komnye, ebangela intlungu, ukudumba, ukuqina, kunye nokunciphisa ukuhamba. Ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abadala kodwa inokuchaphazela abantu abancinci ngenxa yokutyeba kakhulu okanye ukwenzakala ngokudibeneyo.
• Irheumatoid arthritis:
   I-autoimmune disorder apho i-immune system ihlasela ngempazamo i-synovial lining yedolo elihlangeneyo. Ukuvuvukala okungapheliyo okubangelwa kukutshabalalisa i-cartilage kunye nethambo, kubangela intlungu, ukukhubazeka, kunye nokungazinzi kwamalungu. Ukuba amayeza akaphumeleli ukulawula iimpawu, utyando lunokufuneka ukubuyisela ukusebenza.
• I-Arthritis yasemva kokwenzakala:
   Oku kukhula emva kokulimala okukhulu kwamadolo njengokuqhekeka, iinyembezi ze-ligament, okanye umonakalo we-meniscus. Ezi nzakala zinokuguqula i-mechanics edibeneyo kwaye zibangele ukuguga kwangaphambili kunye nokukrazula kwe-cartilage, okukhokelela kwiintlungu ezingapheliyo kunye nokuqina.
• Ukukhubazeka kwedolo:
   Iimeko ezifana imilenze yokuthoba (i-varus deformity) okanye i-knock amadolo (i-valgus deformity) ibeka uxinzelelo olungaqhelekanga kwi-joint joint, ukukhawuleza umonakalo odibeneyo. Ukutshintshwa kwedolo kunokulungisa imiba yokulungelelanisa kunye nokunciphisa iimpawu ezinxulumene nazo.
• Iintlungu eziMandundu neziZingisayo:
   Iintlungu eziqhubekayo, ngakumbi eziqhubekayo nangona uphumla okanye ulele, luphawu oluqinileyo lotyando-ingakumbi xa luchaphazela amandla akho okwenza imisebenzi elula njengokuhamba okanye ukuma ixesha elide.
• Ukulahleka koKuhamba ngokuManyeneyo okanye uMsebenzi:
   Ukuba idolo lakho liba lukhuni, libuthathaka, okanye lingazinzi kangangokuba linciphisa ukunyakaza okanye lifuna uncedo lokuhamba, ukutshintshwa kwamadolo kunokubuyisela ukuzinza kunye nokuphucula amandla akho okwenza imisebenzi yesiqhelo ngokuzimeleyo.
• Umgangatho woBomi owehlisiwe:
   Abantu abaninzi bafuna utyando xa iingxaki zamadolo ziphazamisa ubomi babo bomntu kunye nentlalontle-nokuba ngaba udlala nabazukulu, ukulima, ukusebenza okanye ukuhamba. Xa imiba edibeneyo inciphisa indlela yokuphila kunye nokuphila kakuhle, utyando lunokuba lukhetho lokuguqula ubomi.
   

Kucetyiswa nini uTyando lokuTshintsha idolo? 

Oogqirha bacebisa utyando lokutshintshwa kwamadolo xa:

• Unentlungu ebuhlungu yamadolo ethintela imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla njengokuhamba, ukunyuka izitebhisi, okanye ukuphuma ebhedini.
• Ufumana ukudumba okuzingisileyo okanye ukuqina okungaphucukiyo ngonyango olululo.
• Idolo lakho linokukhubazeka okubonakalayo okanye ukungahambi kakuhle okuchaphazela indlela ohamba ngayo okanye ukuma.
• Unyango olungasebenzisi utyando-kuquka unyango lomzimba, amayeza, iinaliti ze-steroid, okanye ukunciphisa umzimba-ayiphumelelanga ukunika uncedo oluhlala luhleli.
• Ukulala kwakho okanye impilo yengqondo ichatshazelwa yintlungu engapheliyo okanye ukuhamba okulinganiselweyo.

Ungenelelo lotyando olungexesha lunokunceda ukuthintela ukuwohloka ngakumbi kwamalungu kwaye kuphucule kakhulu ukuhamba kwakho kunye nomgangatho wobomi.
 

Xa uTyando lokuTshintsha idolo lungacetyiswa?

Nangona ukutshintshwa kwamadolo kukhuselekile kwaye kusebenza kwizigulane ezininzi, iimeko ezithile zingenza utyando lungafanelekanga okanye luyingozi. Contraindications ziquka:

• Usulelo olusebenzayo:
  Naluphi na usulelo emzimbeni, ngakumbi malunga nedolo elihlangeneyo, kufuneka liphathwe ngokupheleleyo ngaphambi kokuqwalasela utyando. Ukufakelwa kweprothetic kwindawo enesifo kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezinzulu.
   
• Izigulo ezinganyangekiyo ezingalawulekiyo:
  Isifo seswekile esingalawulwa kakuhle, isifo sentliziyo esiqhubela phambili, okanye iimeko ezinzima zemiphunga zinokunyusa imingcipheko yotyando kunye nokuchacha.
   
• Ukutyeba kakhulu:
  Ubunzima bomzimba obugqithisileyo bubeka uxinzelelo olongezelelweyo kwidolo kunye neprosthetic, kwandisa umngcipheko wokungaphumeleli kokufakelwa, ukulibaziseka ukuphiliswa kwesilonda, okanye ukusuleleka.
   
• Isifo se-vascular peripheral:
  Ukungahambi kakuhle kwegazi emilenzeni kunokuphazamisa ukuphulukiswa kwesilonda kunye nokunyusa umngcipheko weengxaki emva kokuhlinzwa.
   
• Iziphazamiso zeNeurological:
  Iimeko ezifana Isifo sikaParkinson, ukubetha, okanye isifo sokugubhuka inokuchaphazela ukulungelelanisa, ukulawula imisipha, okanye iziphumo zokubuyisela, ukunciphisa ukusebenza kotyando.
   
• Ukwaliwa kokufakwa kwemathiriyeli:
  Ngokunqabileyo, izigulana zinokuba ne-hypersensitivity kwizinto ezifana ne-nickel, i-cobalt, okanye i-chromium esetyenziswa kumalungu eprosthetic. Uvavanyo lokutya komzimba unokucetyiswa phambi kotyando kwiimeko ezikrokrelekayo.
   
• Ukungakwazi ukuthobela ukubuyisela kwisimo sangaphambili:
  Ukubuyisela ngempumelelo kufuna unyango lomzimba kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba ngokusebenzayo. Izigulane ezinemiba yokuqonda, ukungabikho kokukhuthaza, okanye ukungakwazi ukulandela imiyalelo kunokungaphumeleli iziphumo ezinqwenelekayo.
   
• Ubomi obulinganiselweyo okanye isigulo esinganyangekiyo:
  Kwiimeko apho impilo yonke ihlwempuzekileyo kwaye inzuzo yotyando ayinakwenzeka ukuba ibe ngaphezu kweengozi, ukutshintshwa kwamadolo kungafanelekile.
   

Iindidi zoTyando lokuTshintsha idolo

Utyando lokubuyisela idolo aluyondlela yokulinganisa yonke into. Ngokuxhomekeke kubungakanani bomonakalo odibeneyo, ubudala besigulane, inqanaba lomsebenzi, kunye nempilo yonke, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuhlinzwa ngokutshintshwa kwamadolo ziyafumaneka. Uhlobo ngalunye lujolise ekubuyiseleni umsebenzi wamadolo kunye nokunciphisa intlungu ngelixa ugcina izicubu ezinempilo kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

1. Ukutshintshwa kwedolo ngokupheleleyo (TKR)

Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo nolwenziwa ngokubanzi lotyando lokutshintshwa kwamadolo. Ukutshintshwa kwedolo elipheleleyo, ugqirha wotyando ususa lonke idolo elonakeleyo kwaye lithathe indawo yalo kunye nezinto ezenziwe ngentsimbi kunye neplastiki ehlala njalo. Le nkqubo idla ngokucetyiswa xa isifo samathambo okanye ukulimala kuye konakalise kakhulu idolo elihlangeneyo, kubangela intlungu ebalulekileyo kunye nemiba yokuhamba.

• Ifanelekile kwizigulane ezinobunzima osteoarthritis or irheumatoid Arthritis.
• Ukuphucula ukulungelelaniswa kwamadolo ngokubanzi kunye nokuzinza.
• Ngokuqhelekileyo inikeza uncedo oluhlala ixesha elide kunye nomsebenzi ophuculweyo.

2. Ukutshintshwa kwedolo ngokuyinxenye (PKR)

Kwakhona kuthiwa yi-unicompartmental knee replacement, olu tyando lujolise kuphela inxalenye yedolo eyonakeleyo. Esikhundleni sokutshintsha yonke into edibeneyo, kuphela i-compartment echaphazelekayo-ingaba ingaphakathi (i-medial), yangaphandle (i-lateral), okanye i-kneecap (i-patellofemoral)-iphinde ifakwe ngokutsha. Le nkqubo igcina ithambo eliphilileyo, i-cartilage, kunye nemigqa, ekhokelela ekuhambeni kwedolo lendalo.

• Eyona nto ingcono kwizigulane ezinenqanaba lokuqala isifo samathambo inqunyelwe kwigumbi elinye.
• I-incision encinci, ukubuyisela ngokukhawuleza, kunye neentlungu ezincinci xa kuthelekiswa nokutshintshwa kwedolo elipheleleyo.
• Ayifanelekanga kwizigulane ezinomonakalo odibeneyo oxhaphakileyo.

3. Ukutshintshwa kwedolo elibini

Olu khetho lubandakanya ukutshintshwa kwamadolo omabini mhlawumbi ngexesha lotyando olufanayo (ukutshintshwa kwamazwe amabini ngaxeshanye) okanye utyando olubini olwahlukileyo oluhlukaniswe iiveki okanye iinyanga ezihlukeneyo (ukutshintshwa kwamazwe amabini). Ngokuqhelekileyo ikhethwa zizigulane ezinobunzima isifo samathambo ezichaphazela zombini amadolo kwaye abafuna ukunciphisa ixesha lokubuyisela jikelele.

• Unokuphucula ukuhamba emadolweni omabini ngokukhawuleza.
• Ifuna isicwangciso esinzulu sokubuyisela kwisimo sangaphambili.
• Umngcipheko wotyando uphezulu kancinci, ngoko ke uhlolo olucokisekileyo lwaphambi kotyando lubalulekile.

4. Uhlaziyo loTshintsho lwedolo

Ngamanye amaxesha, i-knee replacement implant inokuthi iguge, ikhulule, okanye isuleleke iminyaka emva kokuhlinzwa. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ukutshintshwa kwamadolo okuhlaziya kwenziwa ukususa i-prosthesis endala kwaye ithathe indawo entsha. Olu tyando luntsonkothile ngakumbi ngenxa yenyama yokuva, ukulahleka kwamathambo, kunye nemfuneko yofakelo olukhethekileyo.

• Ngokuqhelekileyo kufuneka i-15 ukuya kwiminyaka engama-20 emva kokutshintshwa kokuqala.
• Utyando olude kunye nexesha lokubuyisela xa kuthelekiswa nokutshintshwa kwedolo eliphambili.
• Impumelelo ixhomekeke kumgangatho wamathambo kunye nempilo yonke.

5. Fast Track Daycare Total Knee Replacement

Fast Track Daycare Total Knee Replacement yindlela yanamhlanje egxile ekuchacheni ngokukhawuleza. Izigulane ziqala ukuhamba phakathi kweeyure zotyando kwaye zihlala zikhutshwa kwiiyure ezingama-24 ukuya kwii-48. Ibandakanya ulawulo lweentlungu eziphambili, ubuchule obuncinci, kunye nokuhlanganiswa kwangaphambili.

• Ilungele izigulane ezifanelekileyo zonyango kunye nenkxaso ekhaya.
• Yehlisa ukuhlala esibhedlele kwaye iindleko ukuya kuthi ga kwi-30%.
• Ixhaswa ziiprothokholi eziphuculweyo zokubuyisela kunye nokubuyisela kwimo yesiqhelo.

6. I-Subvastus ye-Subvastus yeGulo eliHlangeneyo lilonke

Kwi I-Subvastus ye-Subvastus eHlangeneyo iyonke yoTshintsho lwedolo ubuchule be-muscle-sparing, ugqirha ufikelela edolweni ngokungena phantsi kwe-quadriceps muscle (subvastus), ukuphepha ukusika. Oku kubangela intlungu engaphantsi kokuhlinzwa kunye nokubuyisela ngokukhawuleza ukusebenza.

• Ifanelekile izigulane ezifuna ukubuyela ngokukhawuleza kwimisebenzi eqhelekileyo.
• Ukusika okufutshane kunye nokwenzakala kwezicubu ezithambileyo kancinci.
• Ifuna ubuchule kunye nokukhethwa kwesigulane ngononophelo.

7. ICeramic Total Knee Replacement (iCeramic TKR)

In I-Ceramic Total Knee Replacement, amacandelo e-ceramic asetyenziswa endaweni yokufakelwa kwesinyithi yendabuko. I-Ceramic iyahambelana ne-biocompatible kwaye ayinakwenzeka ukuba ibangele ukungezwani komzimba okanye uvakalelo lwesinyithi.

• Iluncedo kwizigulane ezine-allergies zetsimbi.
• Inika ukuxhathisa okugqwesileyo kokunxiba kunye nokuphila ixesha elide.
• Isenokuba nexabiso elithe chatha kunofakelo oluqhelekileyo.

ULungiselela njani uTyando lokuTshintsha idolo

Ukulungiswa okufanelekileyo ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kokutshintshwa kwamadolo kungenza umehluko omkhulu kwisiphumo sakho sotyando kunye nesantya sokubuyisela. Nasi isikhokelo esibanzi sokukunceda ukuba ulungele:

1. UVavanyo lwezoNyango kunye noVavanyo

Ugqirha wakho kunye neqela lezempilo liya kuqhuba uvavanyo olupheleleyo lwezonyango ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukulungele ukwenza utyando. Oku kubandakanya:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi ukujonga i-anemia, usulelo, kunye nesimo sempilo ngokubanzi.
• I-Electrocardiogram (ECG) ukuvavanya impilo yentliziyo.
• X-reyi yesifuba ukujonga imeko yemiphunga.
• Idolo X-reyi or MRI ukuvavanya ubungakanani bomonakalo odibeneyo.
• Uphononongo lwembali yakho yonyango, kubandakanywa nezigulo ezingapheliyo ezifana nesifo seswekile okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi.

Naziphi na iimeko ezisisiseko ziya kulawulwa phambi kokuba kucwangciswe utyando ukunciphisa iingxaki.

2. Uphononongo lwamayeza

Yazisa ugqirha wakho wotyando malunga nawo onke amayeza kagqirha, amayeza angaphaya kwekhawuntara, iivithamini, kunye nezongezelelo zamayeza ozithatha rhoqo. Amayeza athile, ngakumbi amayeza anciphisa igazi (njenge-aspirin, i-warfarin) kunye namanye amachiza alwa nokudumba, anokufuna ukuyekwa iintsuku ezininzi phambi kotyando ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokopha. Hlala ulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngononophelo.

3. Imithambo yangaphambi koTyando

Ukwakha amandla phambi kotyando kunceda izihlunu zakho zixhase ijoyinti elitsha kunye nokukhawulezisa ukubuyisela. Jongisisa i:

• Imithambo yokuqinisa i-quadriceps (umzekelo, ukuphakamisa umlenze othe tye).
• I-Hamstring yolula kwaye iqinisa.
• Imisebenzi enempembelelo ephantsi njengokuhamba okanye ukuqubha ukuba uyacetyiswa.

Unyango lomzimba lunokucetyiswa kwangaphambili ukuze ukwandise ukusebenza kwedolo lakho.

4. ULungiselelo lweKhaya kunye noLungiso loKhuseleko

Yenza indawo ekhuselekileyo, ekhululekile ekhaya ukuxhasa ukuchacha kwakho:

• Lungiselela izixhobo ezincedisayo njengesihlalo sangasese esiphakanyisiweyo, isitulo seshawari, kunye nezandla ezizinyukweni okanye kwigumbi lokuhlambela.
• Beka izitulo ezinemiqamelo eqinileyo kunye neendawo zokubeka iingalo ukuze kube lula ukuhlala kunye nokuma.
• Susa iiragi, i-clutter, kunye neentambo ezinokubangela ukuwa.
• Misa indawo yakho yokuhlala ukuze izinto ezibalulekileyo zifikeleleke ngokulula ngaphandle kokugoba kakhulu okanye ukolula.

Ukufumana uncedo olulungiselelwe yintsapho okanye abahlobo ebudeni beeveki ezimbalwa zokuqala nako kuyingenelo.

5. Uhlengahlengiso kwindlela yokuphila

Imikhwa ethile inokuchaphazela iziphumo zotyando:

• Yeka ukutshaya ubuncinane kwiiveki ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa ukuphucula ukuhamba kwegazi kunye nokuphilisa.
• Ukunciphisa okanye ugweme ukusetyenziswa kotywala, njengoko kunokuphazamisa i-anesthesia kunye nokubuyisela.
• Gcina ukutya okunokulinganisela ukuxhasa amajoni akho omzimba kunye nokulungiswa kwezicubu.

6. Ukulungiselela ngokwengqondo nangokweemvakalelo

Qonda into onokuyilindela ngexesha kunye nasemva kotyando ukunciphisa ixhala:

• Xoxa ngenkqubo yotyando, imingcipheko, izibonelelo, kunye nexesha lokubuyisela kunye nogqirha wakho wotyando.
• Funda malunga nokulawulwa kweentlungu emva kokuhlinzwa kunye nezicwangciso zokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo.
• Joyina amaqela enkxaso okanye uthethe nezigulane eziye zatshintshwa idolo.
• Zilungiselele ukulinganiselwa kwexeshana ekuhambeni kunye nemisebenzi.

Ukuzilungiselela ngokwasengqondweni kunceda ngenkuthazo kunye nokubambelela kwinkqubo yakho yokubuyisela.

 

Uqhaqho lokuTshintsha idolo: Inkqubo yeNyathelo ngeNyathelo

Phambi Koqhaqho: Ukulungiselela

• Ukungeniswa esibhedlele: Uya kwamkelwa esibhedlele ngomhla wotyando okanye ngaphambili, kuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho.
• Ukuzila ukudla: Uya kuyalelwa ukuba ungadli okanye uphuze iiyure eziliqela ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa ukuze unciphise umngcipheko weengxaki ngexesha le-anesthesia.
• Ukubulawa: I-anesthesiologist iya kulawula i-anesthesia-ngokuqhelekileyo mhlawumbi i-anesthesia jikelele (apho ulele khona ngokupheleleyo) okanye i-spinal anesthesia (ukunciphisa isiqingatha esisezantsi somzimba wakho).
• Ukucoceka: Indawo yotyando ejikeleze idolo lakho iya kucocwa ngokucokisekileyo kwaye ivalwe iintsholongwane ukuthintela usulelo.

Ngexesha loTyando: Inkqubo

• Ukusika: Ugqirha wenza i-incision, ngokuqhelekileyo malunga ne-6 ukuya kwi-intshi ye-10 ubude, ngaphaya kwedolo lakho ukuze ufikelele kwi-joint.
• Ukususa Izicubu ezonakeleyo: I-cartilage eyonakalisiweyo kunye namathambo avela kwi-femur (ithambo lethanga), i-tibia (ithambo lethambo), kwaye ngamanye amaxesha i-patella (i-kneecap) isuswe ngokucophelela.
• Ukulungiswa Kwethambo: Iziphelo ze-femur kunye ne-tibia zenziwe ngokuchanekileyo ukuze zilungele amacandelo amatsha okwenziwa.
• Ukubekwa koFakelo: Izinto ezenziwe ngentsimbi kunye neplastiki ehlala zihlala zifakwe endaweni yeendawo ezidibeneyo ezonakalisiweyo.
• Ulungelelwaniso kunye noVavanyo lweNtshukumo: Ugqirha wotyando uhambisa idolo lakho kuluhlu lwalo lokunyakaza ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukufakelwa kuhambelana ngokuchanekileyo kwaye kusebenza kakuhle.
• Ukuvala i-Incision: Ukusikwa kuvalwe ngemithungo okanye iziseko zotyando, kwaye kufakwe isinxibo esingenazintsholongwane.

Emva koCando: Kuyaqalwa ukuchacha

• Igumbi lokubuyisela: Uya kudluliselwa kwigumbi lokubuyisela apho iimpawu ezibalulekileyo zibekwe esweni ngokusondeleyo.
• Imithi: Amayeza okuphelisa iintlungu, ii-antibiotics zokuthintela usulelo, kunye ne-blood thinners ukunciphisa umngcipheko wamahlwili alawulwa.
• Ulungiso lwenyama: Ukubuyisela kwisimo sangaphambili ngokuqhelekileyo kuqala kwiiyure ezingama-24, kugxininise kwimithambo ethambileyo yokuphucula ukuhamba kwamadolo kunye namandla.
• Ukuhlala esibhedlele: Lonke utyando luthatha iyure enye ukuya kwezi-1. Uninzi lwezigulane zihlala esibhedlele iintsuku ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-2 ukuqinisekisa ukubuyiswa okuzinzile ngaphambi kokukhutshwa.

Imingcipheko kunye neengxaki zoTyando lokuTshintsha idolo

Nangona utyando lokutshintshwa kwamadolo lusebenza kakhulu ekupheliseni iintlungu kunye nokubuyisela umsebenzi kwizigulane ezinomonakalo omkhulu odibeneyo, njengayo nayiphi na inkqubo enkulu yotyando, iza nobungozi obunokubakho kunye neengxaki. Ukuqonda oku kunokunceda izigulane zenze izigqibo ezizizo kwaye zithathe amanyathelo asebenzayo ukuze zichache kakuhle.

Imingcipheko eqhelekileyo (Ngokwexeshana kwaye iyalawuleka)

1. Ukudumba, Ukugruzuka, kunye neentlungu ezijikeleze idolo
   Ezi zimpawu ziqhelekileyo ngokukhawuleza emva kokuhlinzwa kwaye ziyingxenye yenkqubo eqhelekileyo yokuphilisa. Iintlungu zilawulwa ngokuqhelekileyo ngamayeza amiselweyo, kwaye ukuvuvukala kunokuncitshiswa ngokunyuka, iipakethi ze-ice, kunye ne-compression stockings.
2. Amahlwili egazi (I-Deep Vein Thrombosis - DVT)
   Igazi camaqashiso inokwakheka emithanjeni enzulu yomlenze emva kotyando, ngakumbi kwixesha lokubuyisela kwangoko. Ukunciphisa lo mngcipheko, oogqirha badla ngokumisela izinto ezinciphisa igazi kwaye bakhuthaze ukuhamba kwangethuba okanye ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zoxinzelelo lwe-pneumatic.
3. Usulelo kwiNdawo yoLwaluko
   Usulelo lunokuthi lwenzeke ngaphandle (ngaphezulu) okanye ngaphakathi (izifo ezinzulu kufuphi nomgudu). Usulelo oluphezulu luphathwa ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane, ngelixa usulelo olunzulu lunokufuna ungenelelo lotyando ukucoca okanye ukubuyisela ukufakelwa.
4. Ukuqina okwethutyana okanye Ubunzima bokuhambisa idolo
   Ukuqina kwasemva kotyando kuqhelekile, ngakumbi ukuba umthambo wokubuyisela kwisimo sangaphambili ulibazisekile. Ukubambelela kwiprogram ye-physiotherapy ehleliweyo kubalulekile ukuba uphinde uguquke kunye nokuhamba ngokubambisana.
    

Iingozi ezinqabileyo kodwa ezinzulu

1. Implant Ukukhulula okanye Ukunxiba ngokuhamba kwexesha
   Nangona izifakelo zangoku zakhiwe ukuba zihlale iminyaka eyi-15-20 okanye ngaphezulu, zinokuthi ziyeke kancinci kancinci okanye ziguge, ngakumbi kubantu abasebenzayo kakhulu. Oku kunokufuna utyando ngokutsha.
2. Imithambo-luvo okanye ukonakala kwemithambo yegazi
   Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, imithambo-luvo ejikelezileyo okanye imithambo yegazi inokwenzakala ngexesha lotyando, nto leyo ekhokelela ekubeni ndindisholo, ukubetha, okanye ubuthathaka. Amatyala amaninzi asonjululwa ekuhambeni kwexesha, kodwa umonakalo omkhulu unokufuna unyango olongezelelweyo.
3. I-Alergic Reaction kwi-Metal Components
   Ezinye izigulana zinokuba ne-hypersensitivity kwiintsimbi ezifana ne-nickel, i-cobalt, okanye i-chromium esetyenziswa kukufakelwa. Abo bane-allergies yensimbi eyaziwayo kufuneka bazise ugqirha wabo kwangaphambili, njengoko izifakelo ze-hypoallergenic zikhoyo.
4. Ubuhlungu obungapheliyo okanye ukungazinzi ngokudibeneyo
   Nangona utyando oluyimpumelelo, ipesenteji encinci yezigulane zinokuqhubeka zifumana intlungu okanye ukuvakalelwa kokungazinzi kwi-joint. Oku kunokuba ngenxa yokungahambi kakuhle, imiba yezicubu ezithambileyo, okanye isifo samathambo esingasonjululwanga kumalungu ajikelezileyo.

Ezinye Iingxaki Ezinokwenzeka

• Ukuqhawuka kunye nokuGuquleka koLusu
  Izivubeko zasemva kotyando ziqhelekile, kodwa ezinye zinokuphakama okanye zibe mnyama. Ukunyamekelwa ngokufanelekileyo kwenxeba kunye neendlela zokulawula izibazi zinokunceda ukuphucula inkangeleko yazo.
• Ukuqina okuManyeneyo ngenxa yeScar Tissue (Arthrofibrosis)
  Ukugqithisa kwezicubu ezibomvu kunokunciphisa intshukumo. Kwezinye iimeko, inkqubo ebizwa ngokuthi "ukukhwabanisa phantsi kwe-anesthesia" ingafuneka ukuze kuphuculwe uluhlu lwentshukumo.
• Iimpendulo ezinxulumene ne-Anesthesia
   Iimpendulo kwi-anesthesia jikelele okanye yomgogodla, nangona kunqabile, kunokubandakanya isicaphucaphu, ubunzima bokuphefumla, okanye utshintsho kwisantya sentliziyo okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi.

Indlela yokunciphisa imingcipheko

• Khetha ugqirha wamathambo onobuchule nonamava.
• Landela yonke imiyalelo yaphambi kotyando, kuquka nokuyeka amayeza athile.
• Sebenzisa izixhobo zokuncedisa kwaye uhambe kunye nenkxaso ukuze ugweme ukuwa.
• Gcina ukutya okunempilo kunye nenqanaba le-hydration ukukhuthaza ukuphilisa.
• Yiya kulo lonke ulandelelo lwasemva kotyando kwaye unamathele kwisicwangciso sakho sokubuyisela kwisimo sangaphambili.

Ukufunyanwa kwangaphambili kunye nokungenelela kwangoko kwezonyango kunokuphucula kakhulu iziphumo kunye nokunciphisa amathuba okuba neengxaki zexesha elide. Hlala uxela naziphi na iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga-ezifana nobubomvu, ukufudumala, intlungu eyongeziweyo, okanye umkhuhlane-kumboneleli wakho wezempilo ngoko nangoko.

Ukuchacha emva koTyando lokuTshintsha idolo

Ixesha lokubuyisela ukutshintshwa kwedolo lihluka ngomntu kodwa ngokubanzi lilandela lo mgca wexesha:

Iveki 1–2:

• Qala ngokuncediswa ukuhamba usebenzisa umntu ohambahambayo.
• Ukugoba idolo elithambileyo kunye nemithambo yokuzolula.
• Iintlungu kunye nokudumba zixhaphakile kodwa zilawuleka ngamayeza.

Iveki 3–6:

• Ukuhamba imigama emide ngenkxaso encinci.
• Ukuqalisa kwakhona eminye imisebenzi yasekhaya.
• I-physiotherapy eqhubekayo ukufumana kwakhona uluhlu lwentshukumo.

Iveki 6–12:

• Uninzi lwezigulana ziqala kwakhona ukuqhuba kunye nemisebenzi elula.
• Eyona ndawo intle yokuhlala ibandakanya izitulo ezithe tye ngasemva ezineenyawo ezithe tyaba emgangathweni.
• Kuphephe ukuguqa, ukubaleka, okanye imithambo enefuthe eliphezulu.

Emva kweenyanga ezi-3-6:

• Ukuphuculwa okukhulu kwamandla kunye nokuhamba.
• Ezinye izigulana zisenokuziva zinokuqina ngamaxesha athile.
• Ukuchacha ngokupheleleyo kunokuthatha ukuya kwiinyanga ezili-12.

Ixesha lokuchacha kwizigulana ezisele likhulile linokuba lide kancinane, kwaye iinkqubo zokubuyisela kwisimo sangaphambili zidla ngokucetyiswa.

Iinzuzo zoTyando lokuTshintsha idolo

Utyando lokubuyisela idolo lunokutshintsha ubomi, ngakumbi kubantu abanengxaki yokuqaqanjelwa ngamadolo okanye ukuhamba kancinci. Inkqubo ibonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi ezibalulekileyo eziphucula kakhulu ukusebenza komzimba kunye nomgangatho wobomi bubonke:

Uncedo Lwezinhlungu

Enye yeenzuzo ezikhawulezayo nezibonakalayo kukukhululeka kwiintlungu ezingapheliyo zedolo. Uninzi lwezigulane zifumana ukunciphisa okukhulu kwiintlungu, kwaye kwiimeko ezininzi, ukungahambi kakuhle kuyanyamalala ngokupheleleyo. Oku kuvumela indlela yokuphila ekhululekile kunye nesebenzayo, ekhululekile ekuthembeleni rhoqo kumayeza eentlungu.

Ukuhamba okuPhuculweyo kunye noMsebenzi

Emva kokuchacha, izigulane zidla ngokukwazi ukuhamba ngokukhululeka, ukunyuka izitebhisi ezinobunzima obuncinci, kwaye zibandakanyeke kwimisebenzi yemihla ngemihla eyayikade ibuhlungu okanye ingenakwenzeka. Imisebenzi efana nokuma ixesha elongeziweyo, ukuphakama esitulweni, okanye nokuhamba nje kancinci kuba lula kwaye kungadinwa.

Umgangatho woBomi ophuculweyo

Ukuphila ngaphandle kweentlungu kunye nokuhamba ngcono kuthetha ukuba izigulana zinokubuyela kwizinto zokuzonwabisa, iminyhadala yentlalo, kunye nemidlalo elula okanye iindlela zokuzilolonga. Abaninzi baxela ukuba baziva bezimele ngakumbi kwaye bezithembile kwiintshukumo zabo, nto leyo enegalelo elikhulu kwimpilo-ntle yengqondo kunye nempilo yeemvakalelo.

Ukulungiswa kokukhubazeka okudibeneyo

Kwiimeko apho idolo elihlangeneyo lingahambi kakuhle-njenge-in imilenze isaphetha okanye iimeko zokuguqa-utyando lokutshintshwa kwedolo lunokunceda ukulungelelanisa umlenze kunye nokubuyisela ukulungelelaniswa okufanelekileyo. Oku akuphuculi kuphela umsebenzi kodwa kunceda ukuthintela ukunxitywa kwamalungu angaphezulu okanye umva kunye neengxaki ze-hip ezibangelwa kukungahambi kakuhle.

Iziphumo ezihlala ixesha elide

Ukufakelwa kwamadolo kwanamhlanje kwenziwa ngezinto ezihlala ixesha elide njenge-titanium okanye i-cobalt-chromium kwaye ziyilelwe ukuba zimelane neminyaka yokusetyenziswa kwemihla ngemihla. Ngokhathalelo olufanelekileyo kunye nokuguqulwa komsebenzi, ezi zifakelo zingahlala I-15 ukuya kwi-20 iminyaka okanye ngaphezulu, enciphisa amathuba okuba afune olunye utyando kwixesha elizayo elingekude.

Ukuphucula Ukulala

Izigulane ezininzi ezineentlungu ezingapheliyo zedolo zifumana ubunzima bokulala ngenxa yokungakhululeki. Emva kotyando lokutshintshwa kwamadolo, njengoko iintlungu ziyancipha, umgangatho wokulala uhlala uphucula, unegalelo kwimpilo engcono kunye nokuchacha ngokukhawuleza.

 

 

Uqhaqho lokuTshintsha idolo vs. I-Arthroscopy

Zombini utyando lokutshintshwa kwamadolo kunye ne-arthroscopy zisetyenziselwa ukujongana nemiba edibeneyo yamadolo, kodwa ihluke kakhulu kwinjongo, ukuhlasela kunye nokusebenza. Itheyibhile engezantsi ibonisa umahluko ongundoqo:

 

Iindleko zoTyando lokuTshintsha idolo eIndiya

Iindleko zokuhlinzwa ngokutshintshwa kwamadolo e-Indiya zihluka ngokusekelwe kwizinto ezifana nesixeko, isibhedlele, kunye nohlobo lokufakelwa okusetyenzisiweyo. Ngokwe-avareji, inkqubo yokutshintshwa kwedolo elinye ixabisa phakathi kwe- ₹2,00,000 kunye ne- ₹3,50,000, ngelixa ukutshintshwa kwamadolo amabini (amadolo omabini) ngokuqhelekileyo aqala kwi- ₹4,00,000 ukuya kwi- ₹7,00,000.

Oku ngokuqhelekileyo kubandakanya ukuhlala esibhedlele, utyando, i-anesthesia, kunye nephysiotherapy.

Ukwazi ixabiso elichanekileyo, qhagamshelana nezibhedlele zeApollo ezikufutshane nawe. Ukutshintshwa kwedolo kwiZibhedlele ze-Apollo eIndiya kunika ugcino lweendleko ezibalulekileyo xa kuthelekiswa namazwe aseNtshona ngokuqeshwa ngokukhawuleza, kunye namaxesha angcono okubuyisela. Phonononga iinketho zokutshintshwa kwedolo ezifikelelekayo eIndiya ngesi sikhokelo esibalulekileyo kwizigulana kunye nabakhathaleli

 

Imibuzo ebuzwa qho

Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo malunga noTyando loTshintsho lwedolo

1. Ngaba utyando lokutshintshwa kwedolo lubuhlungu?
Utyando lokutshintshwa kwedolo lunokubangela iintlungu zexeshana ngexesha lokuchacha, kodwa lulawulwa kakuhle ngamayeza. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, utyando lunciphisa kakhulu intlungu engapheliyo yamadolo kunye nokuphucula ukuhamba, ngakumbi xa kwenziwa kumaziko eengcali ezifana nezibhedlele ze-Apollo.

2. Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuhamba emva kotyando lokutshintshwa kwamadolo?
Uninzi lwezigulane ziqala ukuhamba nge-walker okanye iintonga kwiiyure ezingama-24-48 emva kotyando. Ukuhamba ngokuzimeleyo ngokuqhelekileyo kuphinda kuqalise kwiiveki ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-6, kuxhomekeke kwi-physiotherapy yakho kunye nenkqubela phambili yokubuyisela.

3. Kuya kuhlala ixesha elingakanani ukufakelwa kwedolo lam?
Ufakelo lwale mihla lokufakelwa kwedolo ludla ngokuhlala iminyaka eyi-15 ukuya kwengama-20 nangaphezulu. Ubomi obude buxhomekeke kubunzima bakho, inqanaba lomsebenzi, uhlobo lokufakelwa, kunye nokuthobela imiyalelo yokunakekelwa kwe-post-op.

4. Liliphi ixesha eliqhelekileyo lokubuyisela emva kokuhlinzwa kokutshintshwa kwedolo?
Uninzi lwezigulane ziphinda ziqalise imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla kwiiveki ezi-6-8. Ukubuyisela ngokupheleleyo kunye nokusebenza ngokudibeneyo kungathatha i-3 kwiinyanga ze-6 okanye ngaphezulu, ngakumbi kwizigulane ezisebekhulile okanye abo baneemeko zempilo eziphantsi.

5. Ziziphi iingozi okanye iingxaki zotyando lokutshintshwa kwamadolo?
Iingxaki zinqabile kodwa zinokubandakanya usulelo, iifutha zegazi, ukuqina, okanye ukukhulula i-implant. Ukukhetha oogqirha botyando abanamava kwizibhedlele ze-Apollo kunceda ukunciphisa le mingcipheko.

6. Ngaba ukutshintshwa kwamadolo kukhuselekile kwizigulane ezikhulileyo?
Ewe, ukutshintshwa kwamadolo kukhuselekile kwizigulana ezisele zikhulile ezinovavanyo olufanelekileyo lwezonyango kunye nokhathalelo. Izibhedlele zeApollo zibonelela ngokhathalelo olubanzi lwamathambo olulungiselelwe abantu abadala.

7. Iyintoni indima yokutya ngaphambi nangemva kotyando lokutshintshwa kwamadolo?
Ukutya okunokulinganisela okutyebileyo kwiprotheyini, i-calcium, kunye neevithamini kunceda ukulungiselela umzimba wakho utyando kunye nokukhawuleza ukuphilisa. Emva kotyando lokutshintshwa kwamadolo, i-hydration kunye nokutya okutyebileyo kwezondlo kuxhasa ukulungiswa kwezicubu kunye nokomeleza amathambo.

8. Ngaba abantu abanesifo seswekile bangenza utyando lokutshintshwa kwamadolo?
Ewe, abantu abanesifo seswekile banotyando lokutshintshwa kwamadolo. Nangona kunjalo, iswekile yegazi kufuneka ilawulwe kakuhle ngaphambi nangemva kotyando ukunciphisa umngcipheko wosulelo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuphiliswa okufanelekileyo.

9. Ngaba utyando lokubuyisela idolo lufanelekile kwizigulana ezityebe ngokugqithiseleyo?
Ewe, kodwa abaguli abatyebe kakhulu banokujongana nemingcipheko ephezulu ngexesha lotyando. Ulawulo lobunzima bangaphambi kotyando luhlala lucetyiswa. Izibhedlele ze-Apollo zibonelela ngezicwangciso zomntu zokhuseleko ukutshintshwa kwedolo kwizigulane ezityebileyo.

10. Utyando lokutshintshwa kwamadolo eIndiya luthelekisa njani namanye amazwe?
Utyando lokutshintshwa kwedolo e-Indiya, ngakumbi kwizibhedlele ezifana ne-Apollo, inika umgangatho wehlabathi kwi-fraction yeendleko kumazwe aseNtshona. Ngoogqirha botyando abaziingcali kunye nezixhobo eziphambili, iziphumo ziyahambelana okanye zigqithise imigangatho yehlabathi.

11. Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani utyando lokubuyisela idolo?
Inkqubo yotyando ihlala i-1 ukuya kwiiyure ezi-2. Kubandakanya ukulungiswa kunye nokunakekelwa kwe-post-op, ixesha lesibhedlele lilonke linokwandisa ukuya kwii-3 kwiintsuku ze-5, kuxhomekeke ekubuyiselweni komntu ngamnye.

12. Ndingaqhuba nini emva kotyando lokutshintshwa kwedolo?
Uninzi lwezigulana zinokuphinda ziqhube iiveki ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-8 emva kotyando, emva kokuba ziphinde zilawule kunye namandla emlenzeni owenziweyo. Hlala udibana nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uqhube.

13. Ngaba ndingaguqa okanye ndigqume emva kotyando lokutshintshwa kwamadolo?
Izigulane ezininzi zifumana ukuguqa okanye ukugquma kungakhululeki. Nangona kungenabungozi kwezonyango, kungcono ukuphepha uxinzelelo olude emadolweni, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezinzima.

14. Yiyiphi imisebenzi yomzimba evunyelwe emva kokuhlinzwa kokutshintshwa kwamadolo?
Imisebenzi enempembelelo ephantsi efana nokuhamba, ukukhwela ibhayisekile, kunye nokuqubha iyakhuthazwa. Imidlalo enefuthe eliphezulu njengokubaleka okanye ukutsiba kufuneka ithintelwe ukukhusela isifakelo.

15. Ngaba amadolo omabini angatshintshwa ngaxeshanye?
Ewe, ukutshintshwa kwamadolo amabini lukhetho lwabaviwa abafanelekileyo. Inciphisa ixesha lokubuyisela ngokupheleleyo kodwa inomngcipheko ophezulu wexesha elifutshane. Thetha nengcali yakho yesiBhedlele sase-Apollo.

16. Uthini umahluko phakathi kokutshintshwa kwedolo ngokuyinxenye kunye nelonke?
Ukutshintshwa okupheleleyo kwamadolo kubandakanya ukutshintshwa kwendawo yonke, ngelixa ukutshintshwa kwenxenye kujoliswe kuphela inxalenye eyonakalisiweyo. Ugqirha wakho wamathambo uya kuncoma olona khetho lufanelekileyo ngokusekelwe kwimeko yakho.

17. Ngaba ndiza kufuna iphysiotherapy emva kotyando lokutshintshwa kwamadolo?
Ewe, iphysiotherapy ibalulekile. Iqala kwiiyure ezingama-24 emva kokuhlinzwa kwaye iyaqhubeka iiveki ezininzi ukubuyisela amandla, ukuguquguquka, kunye nokusebenza ngokupheleleyo.

18. Ndilala njani emva kotyando lokutshintshwa kwedolo?
Lala ngomqolo wakho ngomqamelo phantsi komlenze wakho ukuwuphakamisa kancinci. Kuphephe ukubeka imiqamelo ngqo phantsi kwedolo. Ukulala ngecala ngokuqhelekileyo kukhuselekile emva kweeveki ezimbalwa.

19. Ngaba kukho iindlela ezizezinye kunotyando lokubuyisela idolo?
Ewe, kwinqanaba lokuqala isifo samathambo inokulawulwa ngamayeza, iphysiotherapy, inaliti, okanye i-arthroscopy. Nangona kunjalo, ezi azinako ukunika isiqabu sexesha elide kwiimeko ezinzima.

20. Ngaba abafazi abakhulelweyo bangenza utyando lokutshintshwa kwamadolo?
Ukutshintshwa kwedolo kudla ngokumiswa de kube semva kokubeleka ngaphandle kokuba kukho imfuno engxamisekileyo yezonyango. Soloko udibana nogqirha wamathambo kunye nogqirha wokubelekisa ukuvavanya iingozi.

21. Ngaba ukutshintshwa kwedolo kucetyiswa kwizigulane ezinexinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu?
Ewe, kodwa uxinzelelo lwegazi lufanele lulawulwe ngaphambi kotyando. Kwizibhedlele ze-Apollo, iqela lee-multidisciplinary liqinisekisa iziphumo ezikhuselekileyo kwizigulane ezine-hypertension kunye nezinye izifo.

22. Ngaba izigulane ezine-hip yangaphambili okanye utyando lomgudu lungena endaweni yamadolo?
Ewe, kodwa uvandlakanyo olucokisekileyo lubalulekile ukuvavanya ulungelelwaniso oludibeneyo, ukushukuma, kunye neengxaki ezinokubakho. Ingcali yakho ye-Apollo yamathambo iya kulungela unyango lwakho ngokufanelekileyo.

23. Yintoni indleko yokuhlinzwa ngokutshintshwa kwamadolo eIndiya?
Iindleko zokutshintshwa kwamadolo e-Indiya ukusuka kwi-2-4 lakhs, kuxhomekeke kukufakelwa kunye nesibhedlele. Izibhedlele ze-Apollo zibonelela ngeepakethi ezicacileyo ezineziphumo ezikumgangatho ophezulu ngamaxabiso akhuphisanayo.

isiphelo

Utyando lokutshintshwa kwedolo sisisombululo soguqulo kubantu abaneentlungu ezingapheliyo zedolo kunye nomonakalo odibeneyo. Ngokulungiswa okufanelekileyo, ukunakekelwa, kunye nokuvuselelwa, izigulane zinokulindela ukuphuculwa okubalulekileyo ekuhambeni kunye nomgangatho wobomi. Ukuba ucinga ngolu tyando okanye unemibuzo malunga nexesha lokubuyisela, imithambo, okanye uhlengahlengiso lwendlela yokuphila, thetha nengcali yamathambo ukwenza isigqibo esinolwazi.