Ukwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL / PCL - Iinkqubo, Ukulungiselela, Iindleko, kunye noBuyiselo

I-ACL (i-Anterior Cruciate Ligament) kunye ne-PCL (i-Posterior Cruciate Ligament) ukwakhiwa kwakhona ziinkqubo zotyando ezijolise ekulungiseni okanye ekutshintsheni iintambo ezonakalisiweyo emadolweni. Ezi ligaments zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuzinziseni idolo elihlangeneyo, livumela ukuhamba kakuhle kunye nemisebenzi yokuthwala ubunzima. I-ACL ibekwe phambi kwedolo, ngelixa i-PCL ikhona ngasemva. Zombini iiligaments zibalulekile ekugcineni uzinzo lwamadolo ngexesha lemisebenzi efana nokubaleka, ukutsiba, kunye nokujikeleza.

Injongo ephambili yokwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL / PCL kukubuyisela ukusebenza kwedolo kunye nokuzinza emva kokulimala. Le nkqubo isoloko iyimfuneko xa iigaments zikrazulwa okanye zonakaliswe kakhulu, ezinokuthi zenzeke ngenxa yokulimala kwezemidlalo, ukuwa, okanye iingozi. Utyando lubandakanya ukulungisa umthambo osele ukho okanye kufakwe igrafti, ethi ithathwe kumzimba wesigulana (autograft) okanye kumnikeli (allograft).

Ukwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL/PCL akukhona nje ukunciphisa intlungu; ikwajolise ekuthinteleni umonakalo ongakumbi kwi-joint joint, enokuthi ibangele imiba engapheliyo efana ne-arthritis. Ngokubuyisela ingqibelelo yale ligaments, izigulane zinokubuyela kwimisebenzi yazo eqhelekileyo kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi babo bonke.

Kutheni i ACL/PCL Reconstruction lwenziwa?

Ukwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL / PCL kunconywa ngokuqhelekileyo kubantu abafumana ukungazinzi kwamadolo, intlungu, okanye ukungasebenzi ngenxa yokulimala kwe-ligament. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ezinokukhokelela ekunconyweni kwale nkqubo ziquka:

• Ukungazinzi kwedolo: Imvakalelo yokuba idolo linganikezela ngexesha lemisebenzi, ngakumbi xa ujikeleza okanye utshintsha indlela.
• Ukudumba neentlungu: Ukuvuvukala okuqhubekayo kunye neentlungu emadolweni, ngakumbi emva kokusebenza ngokomzimba.
• Uluhlu olulinganiselweyo lweSindululo: Ubunzima bokugoba okanye ukulungisa idolo ngokupheleleyo.
• Ukutshixa okanye ukubamba imvakalelo: Ukuvakalelwa kwamadolo ukutshixa okanye ukubamba ngexesha lokunyakaza.

Ezi zimpawu zivame ukuvela ngenxa yokulimala ngokukhawuleza, njengalezo ezigcinwe ngexesha lezemidlalo, okanye ukusuka ekugugeni okungapheliyo kunye nokukrazula kwimigqa. Kwiimeko ezininzi, unyango olulondolozayo olufana nonyango lomzimba, ukunyathela, kunye namayeza okulwa nokudumba kunokuzanywa kuqala. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ezi ndlela aziboneleli ngokwaneleyo okanye ukuba idolo lihlala lingazinzile, ukwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL / PCL kunokucetyiswa.

Isigqibo sokuqhubeka notyando luhlala lusekelwe kwinqanaba lomsebenzi wesigulane, ubudala, kunye nempilo yonke. Iimbaleki okanye abantu abaqhuba indlela yokuphila esebenzayo banokuthi bacetyiswe ukuba baphinde bahlaziywe ukuze baqinisekise ukuba banokubuyela kwinqanaba labo langaphambili lomsebenzi ngaphandle komngcipheko wokulimala ngakumbi.

Iimpawu ze-ACL/PCL Reconstruction

Iimeko ezininzi zeklinikhi kunye neziphumo zokuxilonga zingabonisa isidingo sokwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL / PCL. Ezi ziquka:

• Gqibezela iLigament Tears: Ukukrazula okupheleleyo kwe-ACL okanye i-PCL, ehlala iqinisekisiwe ngokuhlolwa komzimba kunye nezifundo ze-imaging ezifana ne-MRI, luphawu oluphambili lotyando.
• Ukwenzakala kweLigament ezininzi: Izigulane eziye zalimala kuzo zombini i-ACL kunye ne-PCL, okanye ezinye iigaments emadolweni, zinokufuna ukwakhiwa kwakhona ukubuyisela ukuzinza.
• Iimpawu eziZingisayo: Ukuba isigulane siqhubeka sifumana ukungazinzi, intlungu, okanye ukulinganiselwa komsebenzi nangona unyango olulondolozayo, utyando lunokuqinisekiswa.
• Inqanaba loMsebenzi oPhezulu: Abantu abathatha inxaxheba kwimidlalo yempembelelo ephezulu okanye imisebenzi ebeka uxinzelelo olukhulu emadolweni badla ngokucetyiswa ukuba baphinde baphinde baphinde bakhusele ukulimala.
• Iingqwalasela zobudala kunye nempilo: Abancinci, abaguli abasebenzayo badla ngokuxhamla kungenelelo lotyando, njengoko benethuba elikhulu lokubuyela kumanqanaba abo okwenzakala kwangaphambili.

Ukuphononongwa ngokucokisekileyo yingcali yamathambo kubalulekile ukufumanisa ukufaneleka kwe-ACL / PCL yokwakhiwa kwakhona. Olu vavanyo lubandakanya uvavanyo lomzimba, ukuphononongwa kwembali yonyango yesigulane, kunye nezifundo zokucinga ukuvavanya ubungakanani bokulimala.

Iintlobo ze-ACL / PCL yoKwakha kwakhona

Nangona kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL/PCL, ziwela ngokubanzi kwiindidi ezimbini eziphambili ngokusekelwe kumthombo wohlulo olusetyenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwakhona:

1. Ukwakhiwa ngokutsha kweAutograft: Obu buchule bubandakanya ukusebenzisa izicubu zomzimba wesigulana. Imithombo eqhelekileyo ye-autografts ibandakanya i-patellar tendon, i-tendon ye-hamstring, okanye i-quadriceps tendon. Ii-Autografts zihlala zikhethwa ngenxa yokuba zinciphisa umngcipheko wokugatywa kunye nokusuleleka, kwaye zinokubonelela ngokulungiswa okunamandla, okuthembekileyo.
2. Ukwakhiwa kwakhona kweAllograft: Ngale ndlela, izicubu zithathwa kumnikeli oswelekileyo. I-Allografts inokuba luncedo kwizigulana ezingenazo izicubu ezifanelekileyo ezifumanekayo kwi-autograft okanye kwabo bakhetha ukuphepha iindawo zotyando ezongezelelweyo. Ngelixa iiallografts zinomngcipheko ongaphezulu kancinci wosulelo kunye nokwaliwa, zisengaba lukhetho olusebenzayo kwizigulana ezininzi.

Ukhetho phakathi kwe-autograft kunye ne-allograft kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, kuquka iminyaka yesigulana, inqanaba lomsebenzi, kunye nezinto ezikhethwa ngumntu. Ugqirha wotyando uya kuxubusha ukhetho kunye nesigulane ukuze anqume eyona ndlela ilungileyo kwimeko yabo ethile.

Ekugqibeleni, ukwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL / PCL yinkqubo ebalulekileyo yokubuyisela ukuzinza kwamadolo kunye nomsebenzi emva kokulimala kwe-ligament. Ukuqonda izizathu zotyando, imiqondiso, kunye neentlobo zokwakhiwa ngokutsha okukhoyo kunokunceda izigulana zenze izigqibo ezizizo ngonyango olulukhethayo. Njengoko siqhubela phambili kweli nqaku, siya kuphonononga inkqubo yokubuyisela emva kokwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL / PCL, ukubonelela ngeembono malunga nokuba izigulane zinokulindela ntoni ngexesha lohambo lwabo lokubuyisela.

Contraindications for ACL/PCL Reconstruction

Nangona i-ACL (i-anterior cruciate ligament) kunye ne-PCL (i-posterior cruciate ligament) ukwakhiwa kwakhona kunokusebenza kakhulu kwizigulane ezininzi, iimeko ezithile okanye izinto ezinokuthi zenze isigulane singafaneleki kwinkqubo. Ukuqonda ezi contraindications kubalulekile kuzo zombini izigulane kunye nababoneleli bezempilo ukuqinisekisa iziphumo ezilungileyo.

• Usulelo olusebenzayo: Ukuba isigulane sinosulelo olusebenzayo emadolweni okanye kwiindawo ezikufutshane, utyando lunokuhlehliswa kuze kube yilapho usulelo lusonjululwe. Usulelo lunokwenza nzima inkqubo yokuphilisa kwaye lwandise umngcipheko weengxaki ezingaphezulu.
• I-Osteoarthritis enzima: Izigulana ezine-osteoarthritis ephezulu zisenokungabi ngabaviwa abafanelekileyo bokwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL/PCL. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, umdibaniso usenokuba sele wonakaliswe kakhulu, kwaye ukwakhiwa kwakhona akunakubonelela ngokuphuculwa komsebenzi ofunekayo.
• Iimeko zonyango ezingalawulekiyo: Iimeko ezifana nesifo seswekile esingalawulekiyo, isifo senhliziyo, okanye ezinye izifo zesistim zinokunyusa iingozi ezinxulumene notyando. Kubalulekile ukuba izigulana zilawulwe ezi meko phambi kokuba ziqwalasele ukwakhiwa ngokutsha.
• Ubukhulu: Ubunzima bomzimba obugqithisileyo bunokubeka uxinzelelo olongezelelweyo kwi-joint joint, okunokubangela ukuba kubekho iingxaki ngexesha kunye nangemva kokuhlinzwa. Izigulane zinokucetyiswa ukuba zinciphise umzimba phambi kokuba ziqhube inkqubo.
• UkuNganelanga ukuBuyiselwa kwisimo sangaphambili: Ukubuyisela ngempumelelo kwi-ACL / PCL yokwakhiwa kwakhona kufuna ukuzibophezela kwinkqubo yokubuyisela. Izigulane ezingakwaziyo okanye ezingafuni ukuthatha inxaxheba kunyango lomzimba zingabi ngabaviwa abafanelekileyo.
• Imiba yezengqondo: Iimeko zempilo yengqondo ezichaphazela ukukwazi kwesigulane ukulandela imiyalelo yokunakekelwa emva kokuhlinzwa okanye ukubandakanyeka ekubuyiseleni kwakhona kunokuchasana. Uphononongo olucokisekileyo lunokuba yimfuneko ukuvavanya ukulungela utyando.
• Uqhaqho lwangaphambili lwedolo: Izigulane eziye zafumana utyando oluninzi lwamadolo zinokuba nezicubu ezibomvu okanye ezinye iingxaki ezinokuthi zibe nzima inkqubo yokwakhiwa kwakhona. Uvavanyo olucacileyo lwemeko yamadolo luyimfuneko.
• Iingqwalasela zobudala: Ngelixa ubudala bodwa bungachasananga ngokungqongqo, izigulana ezincinci kakhulu zisenokukhula, kwaye utyando lunokuchaphazela amacwecwe abo okukhula. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izigulane ezikhulileyo zinokuba nomngcipheko ophezulu weengxaki.
• Ukwalana neAleji: Ukuba isigulane sinokwaliwa okwaziwayo kwi-anesthesia okanye amanye amayeza asetyenziswa ngexesha lenkqubo, ezinye iindlela kufuneka ziqwalaselwe.
• Ukungakwazi ukulandela iMiyalelo yasemva kokusebenza: Izigulane ezingenako ukuthobela ukunakekelwa okufunekayo emva kokusebenza, kubandakanywa nezithintelo zomsebenzi kunye nokuqeshwa okulandelwayo, akunakuba ngabaviwa abafanelekileyo bokuhlinzwa.

Indlela yokuLungiselela i-ACL/PCL Reconstruction

Ukulungiselela ukwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL/PCL linyathelo elibalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni isiphumo esiyimpumelelo. Nantsi eminye imiyalelo ebalulekileyo yangaphambi kwenkqubo, iimvavanyo, kunye nezilumkiso ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe:

1. Uthethwano lwaPhambi kokuSebenza: Cwangcisa ukudibana ngokucokisekileyo nogqirha wakho wamathambo. Oku kuqeshwa kuya kubandakanya ukuphononongwa kwembali yakho yezonyango, uviwo lomzimba, kunye neengxoxo malunga nenkqubo, iingozi, kunye neziphumo ezilindelekileyo.
2. Uvavanyo lomfanekiso: Ugqirha wakho unokuyalela iimvavanyo ze-imaging, ezifana ne-X-rays okanye i-MRI scans, ukuvavanya ubungakanani bokulimala kwe-ligament kunye naluphi na umonakalo ohambelanayo kwidolo. Le mifanekiso inceda ekucwangciseni indlela yotyando.
3. Uvavanyo lweGazi: Uvavanyo lwegazi lwesiqhelo lunokuqhutywa ukujonga nayiphi na imiba yempilo esisiseko enokuchaphazela utyando, olufana ne-anemia okanye ukuphazamiseka kwe-clotting.
4. Uphononongo lwamayeza: Yazisa ugqirha wakho wotyando malunga nawo onke amayeza, izongezo, kunye neemveliso zamayeza ozithathayo. Amayeza athile, ngakumbi ancitshisi igazi, anokufuna ukulungiswa okanye amiswe phambi kotyando.
5. Prehabilitation: Ukubandakanyeka kwiprogram ye-prehabilitation kunokuqinisa imisipha ejikeleze idolo kunye nokuphucula ukuguquguquka. Oku kunokuphucula ukuchacha kunye neziphumo emva kotyando.
6. Ukuguqula indlela yokuphila: Ukuba ukhuluphele, ugqirha wakho unokuncoma isicwangciso sokulahlekelwa kwesisindo sokunciphisa uxinzelelo emadolweni. Ukongezelela, ukuyeka ukutshaya kunokuphucula ukuphilisa kunye nokunciphisa iingxaki.
7. Lungiselela uKhathalelo lwasemva kokusebenza: Cwangcisa ukuba umntu akuqhubele ekhaya emva kwenkqubo kwaye akuncede ngexesha lesigaba sokuqala sokubuyisela. Ukuba nenkqubo yenkxaso kunokwenza umahluko omkhulu.
8. Imiyalelo yokuzila ukutya: Landela imiyalelo yogqirha wakho malunga nokuzila ukutya phambi kotyando. Ngokuqhelekileyo, uya kucetyiswa ukuba ungatyi okanye usele nantoni na emva kobusuku ngaphambi kwenkqubo yakho.
9. Impahla kunye nezinto zoBuntu: Nxiba impahla enxibayo ngomhla wotyando, kwaye uphephe ukunxiba izacholo okanye izithambiso. Yiza nazo naziphi na izinto zobuqu eziyimfuneko, njengoludwe lwamayeza kunye nenkcazelo yeinshorensi.
10. Ukulungiselela Ingqondo: Qonda ukuba utyando luyingxenye nje yenkqubo yokuchacha. Ukulungiselela ngokwengqondo isigaba sokubuyisela kwisimo sangaphambili kubalulekile ukuze ubuyele ngempumelelo emsebenzini.

Ukwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL/PCL: Inkqubo yeNyathelo ngeNyathelo

Ukuqonda inkqubo yesinyathelo-nge-nyathelo yokwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL/PCL kunokunceda ukunciphisa ixhala kwaye kukulungiselele oko ukulindele. Nalu ulwahlulo lwenkqubo:

1. Ukubulawa: Ngomhla wotyando, uya kuthathwa kwigumbi lokusebenza, apho i-anesthesiologist iya kulawula i-anesthesia. Oku kunokuba yi-anesthesia jikelele, ekwenza ulale, okanye i-anesthesia yengingqi, eyenza isiqingatha esisezantsi somzimba wakho.
2. Ukusika: Emva kokuba uphantsi kwe-anesthesia, ugqirha uya kwenza izithintelo ezincinci malunga nedolo. Kwezinye iimeko, ukusika okukhulu kunokuba yimfuneko, kuxhomekeke kubunzima bokwakhiwa kwakhona.
3. I-arthroscopy: Ugqirha wotyando uya kusebenzisa i-arthroscope, ikhamera encinci, ukujonga ngaphakathi kwamadolo. Oku kuvumela umbono ocacileyo we-ligament eyonakalisiweyo kunye nezakhiwo ezijikelezayo.
4. Ukuvunwa kweeTishu: Ukuba i-graft iyafuneka ukuze kwakhiwe ngokutsha, ugqirha wotyando unokuthatha ithishu emzimbeni wakho (autograft) okanye asebenzise igrafti yomxhasi (allograft). Iziza eziqhelekileyo ze-autografts ziquka i-patellar tendon okanye i-tendon ye-hamstring.
5. Ukwakhiwa kwakhona kweLigament: Ugqirha wotyando uya kulungiselela i-graft kwaye uyikhusele kwindawo esebenzisa izikrufu okanye ezinye izixhobo zokulungisa. Le nkqubo ibandakanya ukudala iitonela kwithambo ukumisa i-ligament entsha.
6. Ukuvalwa: Emva kokuba i-graft ikhuselekile, ugqirha uya kuvala ngokucokisekileyo ukuchongwa kunye ne-sutures okanye i-staples. Kuza kufakwa isambatho esingenazintsholongwane ukukhusela indawo yotyando.
7. Igumbi lokubuyisela: Uya kuhanjiswa kwindawo yokubuyisela apho abasebenzi bezonyango baya kubeka iliso kwiimpawu zakho ezibalulekileyo njengoko uvuka kwi-anesthesia. Ulawulo lweentlungu luya kuqaliswa ukuqinisekisa ukuba uthuthuzelekile.
8. Imiyalelo yasemva kokusebenza: Emva kokuba uzinzile, ugqirha wakho uya kunika imiyalelo yokunyamekela emva kokusebenza, kubandakanywa nokulawulwa kweentlungu, izithintelo zomsebenzi, kunye nokuqeshwa okulandelwayo.
9. Ulungiso lwenyama: Ukuvuselelwa ngokuqhelekileyo kuqala ngokukhawuleza emva kokuhlinzwa, kugxininise ekubuyiseleni uluhlu lwentshukumo, amandla kunye nokuzinza. Ugqirha womzimba uya kukukhokela kwimithambo elungiselelwe ukuchacha kwakho.
10. Utyelelo olulandelayo: Ukuqeshwa okulandelwa rhoqo kuya kucwangciswa ukujonga inkqubela yakho, ukuvavanya ukuphilisa, kunye nokulungelelanisa isicwangciso sakho sokubuyisela njengoko kufuneka.

Imingcipheko kunye neengxaki ze-ACL / PCL Reconstruction

Njengayo nayiphi na inkqubo yotyando, ukwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL/PCL kuthwala imingcipheko ethile kunye neengxaki ezinokubakho. Ngelixa izigulana ezininzi zifumana iziphumo eziyimpumelelo, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele zombini iingozi eziqhelekileyo kunye nezinqabileyo ezinxulumene notyando.

Imingcipheko eqhelekileyo:

• Usulelo: Umngcipheko ngalo naluphi na utyando, usulelo lunokwenzeka kwindawo yokusikeka okanye ngaphakathi kwendawo edibeneyo. Ucoceko olufanelekileyo kunye nokhathalelo lwasemva kotyando lunokunceda ukunciphisa lo mngcipheko.
• Amahlwili egazi: I-deep vein thrombosis (DVT) ingenzeka emva kotyando, ekhokelela kumahlwili egazi emilenzeni. Ukuhlanganisa kwangethuba kunye namayeza amiselweyo anokunceda ukuthintela oku.
• Iintlungu kunye nokuDumba: Iintlungu zasemva kokuhlinzwa kunye nokudumba ziqhelekile kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo zilawuleka ngamayeza kunye nokuphumla.
• Ukuqina: Ezinye izigulane zinokufumana ubunzima emadolweni, anokuthi ajongwe ngonyango lomzimba kunye nokuzivocavoca.

Imingcipheko eNcinci:

• Ukwenzakala kwiNerve okanye kwiGazi: Nangona kunqabile, kukho ithuba lokwenzakala kwimithambo-luvo ekufutshane okanye imithambo yegazi ngexesha lotyando, nto leyo enokukhokelela ekubeni ndindisholo okanye imiba yokujikeleza.
• Ukusilela kwe-Graft: Kwezinye iimeko, i-graft ayinakuphilisa ngokufanelekileyo okanye ingaphumeleli, ifuna utyando olongezelelweyo.
• Ukungazinzi okuzingisileyo: Ezinye izigulane zingaqhubeka zifumana ukungazinzi kwamadolo emva kokuhlinzwa, okunokufuna ukuvavanywa nokunyangwa okuqhubekayo.
• Uphuhliso lwamathambo: Kukho umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa i-arthritis kwi-joint joint ngokuhamba kwexesha, ngakumbi ukuba kukho umonakalo osele ukhona ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.

Imingcipheko enqabileyo:

• Iingxaki ze-Anesthesia: Iimpendulo kwi-anesthesia zingenzeka, nangona zinqabile. Xoxa ngazo naziphi na izinto ezikuxhalabisayo kunye ne-anesthesiologist yakho phambi kwenkqubo.
• Ubuhlungu obungapheliyo: Ipesenti encinci yezigulane zinokufumana intlungu engapheliyo emva kokuhlinzwa, onokuba ngumngeni ukulawula.
• I-Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS): Le meko inqabileyo ingaphuhliswa emva kokuhlinzwa, ekhokelela kwiintlungu ezibuhlungu kunye nokutshintsha kwesikhumba kunye nezihlunu.

Ukuqonda le mingcipheko kunokukunceda wenze isigqibo esinolwazi malunga nokwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL / PCL. Hlala uxoxa ngayo nayiphi na inkxalabo kunye nomboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuqinisekisa ukuba uyiqonda ngokucacileyo inkqubo kunye neziphumo zayo ezinokuthi zibe khona.

UBuyiselo Emva koKwakha kwakhona kwe-ACL/PCL

Inkqubo yokubuyisela emva kokwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL / PCL ibalulekile ekubuyiseleni amandla, ukuzinza, kunye nokusebenza emadolweni. Ixesha lokubuyisela lingahluka ngokusekelwe kwizinto ezizimeleyo, kubandakanywa ubungakanani bokulimala, uhlobo lokwakhiwa ngokutsha olwenziwayo, kunye nempilo yonke yesigulane. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuchacha kunokwahlulwa ngokwezigaba ezininzi:

1. IsiGaba esiKhawulezayo sasemva kokuSebenza (iiveki ezi-0-2):

• Emva kotyando, izigulana zihlala zichitha iiyure ezimbalwa kwigumbi lokubuyisela ngaphambi kokuba zikhutshwe. Ngeli xesha, ukulawulwa kweentlungu kunye nokuzivocavoca kokuqala kokubuyisela kuqala. Izigulane zicetyiswa ukuba zigcine idolo liphakanyisiwe kwaye zifake umkhenkce ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala.
• Iintonga zidla ngokusetyenziswa ukunceda ukuhamba, kwaye ukuthwala ubunzima kunokulinganiselwa ngokusekelwe kwiingcebiso zogqirha.

2. INqanaba lokuBuyiselwa kwangethuba (iiveki ezi-2-6):

• Unyango lomzimba ludla ngokuqala kwisithuba seveki emva kotyando. Ingqwalasela kukubuyisela kwakhona uluhlu lwentshukumo kunye nokunciphisa ukudumba. Ukuzivocavoca okuthambileyo, okufana nokuphakamisa umlenze othe tye kunye neepompo ze-ankle, ziyaziswa.
• Izigulane zinokulindela ukwandisa ngokuthe ngcembe inqanaba labo lomsebenzi, kodwa imisebenzi enempembelelo ephezulu kufuneka igwenywe.

3. Inqanaba lokomeleza (iiveki ezi-6-12):

• Njengoko unyango luqhubela phambili, unyango lomzimba luya kutshintshela kwimithambo yokuqinisa. Izigulana zinokuqalisa ukwenza izinto ezinefuthe eliphantsi njengokukhwela ibhayisekile okanye ukuqubha.
• Injongo ngeli nqanaba kukubuyisela amandla emisipha kunye nokuzinza malunga nedolo.

4. Buyela kwiMisebenzi yesiqhelo (iinyanga ezi-3-6):

• Uninzi lwezigulane zinokubuyela kwimidlalo ekhanyayo kunye nemisebenzi ngophawu lweenyanga ezi-3-6, kuxhomekeke kwinkqubela phambili yabo kunye neengcebiso zogqirha. Imidlalo enempembelelo ephezulu inokufuna ixesha elide lokubuyisela.
• Ukulandelwa rhoqo kunye nogqirha wamathambo kubalulekile ukubeka iliso ukuphilisa kunye nokulungelelanisa iiprothokholi zokubuyisela.

5. UkuBuyisa kwakhona kwexesha elide (iinyanga ezi-6-12):

• Ukuchacha ngokupheleleyo kunokuthatha unyaka. Izigulane zikhuthazwa ukuba ziqhubeke ziqinisa ukuzivocavoca kunye nokugcina impilo enempilo ukuxhasa impilo yamadolo.
• Kubalulekile ukumamela umzimba kwaye ugweme ukutyhala ngeentlungu, njengoko oku kunokukhokelela kwimiqobo.

Iingcebiso zoLondolozo lwasemva:

• Landela imiyalelo kagqirha emva kotyando ngononophelo.
• Yiya kuzo zonke iiseshini ezicwangcisiweyo zonyango lomzimba.
• Gcina ukutya okunokulinganisela okutyebileyo kwiiprotheyini, iivithamini kunye neeminerali ukuxhasa ukuphilisa.
• Hlala umanzi kwaye uphephe ukutshaya, njengoko kunokuthintela ukuchacha.
• Kancinci ukwandisa amanqanaba omsebenzi kwaye ugweme imidlalo enefuthe eliphezulu de isuswe ngugqirha.

Iinzuzo ze-ACL/PCL Reconstruction

Izibonelelo ze-ACL / PCL zokwakhiwa kwakhona zandisa ngaphaya kokulungisa i-ligament. Nalu uphuculo oluphambili lwezempilo kunye neziphumo zomgangatho wobomi ezinxulumene nenkqubo:

• Ukubuyiselwa kozinzo lwedolo: Enye yeenzuzo eziphambili zokwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL / PCL kukubuyisela ukuzinza kwamadolo. Oku kuvumela izigulana ukuba zibandakanye imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla kunye nemidlalo ngaphandle kokwesaba idolo elinika indlela.
• Uncedo Lwezinhlungu: Izigulana ezininzi zifumana ukukhululeka okukhulu kweentlungu emva kotyando. Ukwakhiwa kwakhona kunciphisa ukungahambi kakuhle okuhambelana ne-ligament ekrazukileyo, ekhokelela ekuphuculeni ukuhamba kunye nomgangatho wobomi.
• Ukusebenza okuphuculweyo: Emva kotyando, izigulane zihlala zichaza ukusebenza kwamadolo okuphuculweyo. Oku kubandakanya uluhlu olungcono lwentshukumo, amandla, kunye nokukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi efana nokuhamba, ukubaleka, kunye nokutsiba.
• Umngcipheko owehlisiwe wokwenzakala okungaphaya: Ngokuzinzisa idolo elihlangeneyo, ukwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL / PCL kunokunceda ukukhusela ukulimala ngakumbi emadolweni, kubandakanywa umonakalo kwi-meniscus okanye i-cartilage.
• Umgangatho woBomi owongeziweyo: Ngokuphuculwa komsebenzi wamadolo kunye nokunciphisa intlungu, izigulane zinokubuyela kwimisebenzi yazo eqhelekileyo, kubandakanywa nomsebenzi, imidlalo, kunye nemisebenzi yokuzonwabisa, ekhokelela kumgangatho ongcono wobomi.

Lithini ixabiso le-ACL/PCL loKwakha ngokutsha eIndiya?

Iindleko zokwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL/PCL eIndiya ziqhele ukusuka kwi- ₹1,00,000 ukuya kwi- ₹2,50,000. Izinto ezininzi zinokuchaphazela iindleko zizonke, kuquka:

• UKhetho lwesibhedlele: Izibhedlele ezahlukeneyo zinezakhiwo zamaxabiso ezohlukeneyo. Izibhedlele ezaziwayo ezifana nezibhedlele ze-Apollo zinokubonelela ngezixhobo eziphambili kunye noogqirha abanamava, ezinokuchaphazela iindleko.
• Indawo: Isixeko okanye ummandla apho utyando lwenziwa khona lunokuchaphazela iindleko. Amaziko asezidolophini anokuba namaxabiso aphezulu xa kuthelekiswa neendawo zasemaphandleni.
• Uhlobo lwegumbi: Ukukhethwa kwegumbi (iwadi ngokubanzi, igumbi labucala, okanye igumbi lokuhlambela) kunokuchaphazela kakhulu inkcitho iyonke.
• Iingxaki: Naziphi na iingxaki ezingalindelekanga ngexesha okanye emva kokuhlinzwa kunokukhokelela kwiindleko ezongezelelweyo.

Izibhedlele ze-Apollo ziyaziwa ngamaziko ayo asemgangathweni kunye neengcali zonyango ezinamava, eziqinisekisa ukhathalelo oluphezulu kumaxabiso akhuphisanayo. Xa kuthelekiswa namazwe aseNtshona, iindleko zokwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL / PCL eIndiya ziphantsi kakhulu, okwenza kube yinto ekhangayo kwizigulane zasekhaya kunye nezamazwe ngamazwe. Ukufumana amaxabiso achanekileyo kunye nokhetho lokhathalelo lomntu, siyakukhuthaza ukuba uqhagamshelane nezibhedlele ze-Apollo.

Imibuzo ebuzwa qho

1. Yiyiphi ukutya endimele ndiyilandele ngaphambi kokwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL / PCL? Ukutya okunokulinganisela okucebileyo kwiiprotheni, iivithamini, kunye neemaminerali kubalulekile ngaphambi kokwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL / PCL. Ukutya okunje ngenyama ebhityileyo, intlanzi, iziqhamo, imifuno, kunye neenkozo ezipheleleyo zinokunceda ukomeleza umzimba wakho ukuze wenze utyando.
2. Ngaba ndingadla ngokuqhelekileyo emva kokwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL/PCL? Ewe, emva kokwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL/PCL, ungabuyela kwisidlo esiqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, gxila ekutyeni okuxineneyo kwezondlo ukunceda ukuchacha. Hlala u-hydrated kwaye ugweme ukutya okucutshungulwayo.
3. Ndimele ndidle ntoni emva kokwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL / PCL ukunceda ukubuyiswa? Emva kokwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL / PCL, beka phambili ukutya okuneprotheni, okufana nenkukhu, intlanzi, kunye nemifuno, kunye neziqhamo kunye nemifuno yeevithamini kunye neemaminerali. Oku kuya kuxhasa ukuphilisa kunye nokubuyisela imisipha.
4. Izigulane ezisele zikhulile zingalungiselela njani ukwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL/PCL? Izigulana ezisele zikhulile kufuneka zidibane nogqirha wazo malunga nawaphi na amayeza kunye neemeko esele zikhona. Ukutya okunesondlo, unyango lomzimba, kunye nenkqubo yenkxaso yokunyamekela emva kotyando nazo zibalulekile.
5. Ngaba ukwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL/PCL kukhuselekile ngexesha lokukhulelwa? Ukwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL / PCL ngokuqhelekileyo akukhuthazwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa ngenxa yeengozi ze-anesthesia kunye nesidingo sokunyamekela emva kokusebenza. Dibana nogqirha wakho ngeengcebiso ezenzelwe wena.
6. Zeziphi izinto eziqwalaselwayo malunga nokwakhiwa ngokutsha kwe-ACL/PCL yabantwana? Izigulana zabantwana zinokufuna ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ngenxa yokukhula kwamathambo abo. Kubalulekile ukudibana nogqirha wamathambo wabantwana ukuze ufumane iindlela zonyango ezilungiselelweyo.
7. Ukutyeba kukuchaphazela njani ukubuyiswa kwakhona kwe-ACL/PCL? Ukukhuluphala kunokuba nzima ukubuyiswa kwi-ACL / PCL yokwakhiwa ngokutsha ngokunyusa uxinzelelo kwidolo. Ukulawulwa kobunzima ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlinzwa kunokuphucula iziphumo.
8. Ziziphi izilumkiso ekufuneka izigulane ezinesifo seswekile zithathe ngaphambi kokwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL/PCL? Izigulana ezinesifo seswekile kufuneka ziqinisekise ukuba amanqanaba eswekile yegazi alawulwa kakuhle phambi kokwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL/PCL. Xoxa ngawo nawaphi na amayeza kunye nohlengahlengiso lokutya kunye nomboneleli wakho wezempilo.
9. Ngaba izigulane ezine-hypertension ziyakwazi ukwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL/PCL? Ewe, izigulana ezinoxinzelelo lwegazi zinokuphinda ziphinde zakhiwe i-ACL/PCL, kodwa kubalulekile ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi ngokufanelekileyo ngaphambi nasemva kotyando. Ukubekwa esweni rhoqo kuyacetyiswa.
10. Yiyiphi ixesha lokubuyisela i-ACL / PCL yokwakhiwa kwakhona kwizigulane ezisebekhulile? Ixesha lokubuyisela kwizigulana esele likhulile linokuba lide ngenxa yezinto ezinxulumene nobudala. Ngokubanzi, banokulindela ixesha elifanayo lokubuyisela kodwa kufuneka bagxininise ekubuyiseleni okuthambileyo.
11. Utyando lwangaphambili lwamadolo luchaphazela njani ukwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL / PCL? Utyando lwangaphambili lwamadolo lunokwenza kube nzima ukwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL / PCL. Kubalulekile ukwazisa ugqirha wakho malunga naziphi na iinkqubo ezidlulileyo ukulungisa indlela yotyando.
12. Ziziphi iingozi zokwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL / PCL kwizigulane ezine-comorbidities? Izigulane ezine-comorbidities zinokujamelana nemingcipheko ephezulu ngexesha lokwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL / PCL. Uvavanyo olucokisekileyo lwaphambi kotyando luyafuneka ukunciphisa le mingcipheko.
13. Ndingayilawula njani intlungu emva kokwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL/PCL? Ukulawulwa kweentlungu emva kokwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL / PCL ngokuqhelekileyo kubandakanya amayeza amiselweyo, ukusetyenziswa kweqhwa, kunye nokuphakama kwamadolo. Landela iingcebiso zogqirha wakho ukuze ukwazi ukulawula iintlungu.
14. Ndingabuyela nini emsebenzini emva kokwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL/PCL? Ixesha lokubuyela emsebenzini emva kokwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL/PCL liyahluka. Uninzi lwezigulana zinokubuyela kwimisebenzi yokuhlala ngaphakathi kweeveki ezi-1-2, ngelixa imisebenzi enzima ngokomzimba inokufuna iinyanga ezi-3-6.
15. Yeyiphi imisebenzi ekufuneka ndiyiphephe emva kokwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL/PCL? Emva kokwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL/PCL, gwema imisebenzi enempembelelo ephezulu, njengokubaleka okanye ukutsiba, de ucinywe ngugqirha wakho wotyando. Gxininisa kwimisebenzi yempembelelo ephantsi ngexesha lesigaba sokuqala sokubuyisela.
16. Ndingakuxhasa njani ukuchacha komntwana wam emva kokwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL/PCL yabantwana? Xhasa ukuchacha komntwana wakho ngokumkhuthaza ukuba aphumle, ukuya kwiiseshoni zonyango, kunye nokubonelela ngokutya okunesondlo. Inkxaso ngokwasemphefumlweni ikwabalulekile ngexesha lokubuyiselwa kwisimo sabo sesiqhelo.
17. Ziziphi iimpawu zeengxaki emva kokwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL / PCL? Iimpawu zeengxaki emva kokwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL / PCL ziquka ukuvuvukala okugqithiseleyo, ukunyuka kweentlungu, umkhuhlane, okanye ubunzima bokuhambisa idolo. Qhagamshelana nogqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza ukuba ufumana ezi mpawu.
18. Ngaba ndingaqhuba emva kokwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL/PCL? Ukuqhuba emva kokwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL / PCL kuxhomekeke kwinkqubela phambili yakho yokubuyisela kunye nomlenze ochaphazelekayo. Uninzi lwezigulana zinokuphinda ziqhubele phambili kwiiveki ezi-4-6, kodwa dibana nogqirha wakho wotyando ukuze ufumane iingcebiso zomntu.
19. Unjani umgangatho wokwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL/PCL eIndiya xa uthelekisa naphesheya? Umgangatho wokwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL / PCL eIndiya ithelekiswa namazwe aseNtshona, kunye noogqirha abanamava kunye nezixhobo eziphambili. Nangona kunjalo, iindleko ziphantsi kakhulu eIndiya.
20. Yintoni endimele ndiyenze ukuba ndinembali yokulimala kwamadolo ngaphambi kokwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL / PCL? Yazisa ugqirha wakho malunga naluphi na ukulimala kwamadolo kwangaphambili ngaphambi kokwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL / PCL. Olu lwazi lubalulekile ekucwangciseni utyando kunye nokuqinisekisa isiphumo esihle esinokubakho.

isiphelo

Ukwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ACL / PCL yinkqubo ebalulekileyo yokubuyisela ukuzinza kwamadolo kunye nomsebenzi emva kokulimala kwe-ligament. Ngesicwangciso sokubuyisela kakuhle kunye nenkxaso efanelekileyo, izigulane zinokulindela ukuphuculwa okubalulekileyo kumgangatho wobomi babo. Ukuba wena okanye othandekayo ucinga ngolu tyando, kubalulekile ukubonisana nochwepheshe bezonyango ukuxoxa ngeemfuno zakho kunye nezinto ezikuxhalabisayo. Uhambo lwakho lokubuyela ekubuyiseleni luqala ngezigqibo ezinolwazi kunye nesikhokelo sobuchule.