Esona Sibhedlele saBantwana siBalaseleyo eIndiya | Izibhedlele eziPhezulu zoNonophelo lwaBantwana-izibhedlele ze-Apollo

IYunithi yethu yoKhathalelo oluNzulu lweZinsana ezisandula ukuzalwa inika ukhathalelo oluphezulu, olusebenza imini nobusuku kwiintsana ezisandula ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha nezigula kakhulu. Ilawulwa ziingcali ezinamava kunye namaqela akhethekileyo okonga, i-NICU ixhotyiswe ngenkxaso yokuphefumula ephucukileyo, ukujonga iintsana ezisandula ukuzalwa, kunye neendawo ezilawulwa kusulelo ukuqinisekisa ukuqala ubomi okukhuselekileyo kangangoko kwiintsana ezisengozini enkulu.

IYunithi yoKhathalelo oluNzulu lwaBantwana inika unyango olukhethekileyo olubalulekileyo kwiintsana nabantwana abanezifo ezisongela ubomi, ukwenzakala, okanye iimfuno emva kotyando. Ixhaswa ziingcali zokhathalelo oluphezulu lwabantwana, iinkqubo zokubeka esweni eziphambili, kunye neengcali ezininzi, i-PICU iqinisekisa ukungenelela ngexesha elifanelekileyo kunye nonyango oluqhubekayo ngexesha lezona zigaba zibalulekileyo zonyango.

Iinkonzo zethu ze-Pediatric Cardiology kunye ne-Cardiac Surgery zibonelela ngoxilongo olupheleleyo kunye nonyango lweemeko zentliziyo ezizalwa nazo kunye nezifunyenwe ebantwaneni. Ukusuka kwi-cardiac imaging ephucukileyo kunye ne-interventional cardiology ukuya kwi-complex open-heart surgeries, ukhathalelo lunikezelwa ziingcali ezinamava ezisebenzisa iteknoloji ethile yomntwana kunye neenkqubo ezisekelwe kubungqina.

Ukuxilongwa okukhethekileyo kunye nonyango lweengxaki zentliziyo ezizalwa nazo kunye nezifunyenwe kwiintsana, abantwana, kunye nabakwishumi elivisayo, kuquka ukungenelela okusekwe kwi-catheter kunye notyando.

I-Pediatric Neurology igxile ekuxilongeni nasekulawuleni iingxaki zengqondo, imithambo-luvo, kunye nemisipha ebantwaneni. Iimeko ezinje ngesifo sokuwa, ukulibaziseka kokukhula, iingxaki zemithambo-luvo, kunye nesifo sohlangothi sabantwana zinyangwa ngokudibanisa ukuxilongwa okuphambili, unyango lwezonyango, kunye nonyango oluhambelanayo lwexesha elide lwemithambo-luvo.

Iqela lethu lePediatric Neurosurgery libonelela ngonyango lobuchwephesha kwiimeko ezinzima zobuchopho nomqolo ebantwaneni. Oku kuquka ukungaqheleki kokuzalwa, iithumba, i-hydrocephalus, ukwenzakala okubuhlungu, kunye neengxaki zomqolo. Unyango lucwangciswa ngokuchanekileyo, kusetyenziswa imifanekiso ephucukileyo kunye neendlela zotyando ezikhuselekileyo ebantwaneni ukuze kuphuculwe iziphumo kunye nokuchacha.

Olu lwazi lubalaseleyo lubonelela ngonyango oludibeneyo lweengxaki zegazi zabantwana kunye nomhlaza, kubandakanya i-leukemia, i-lymphoma, kunye nee-solid tumors. Iinkonzo ziquka i-chemotherapy, unyango oluxhasayo, kunye nokufakelwa komongo wethambo, okunikezelwa ngoogqirha be-oncologist abazinikeleyo kubantwana kwindawo enobuhlobo nabantwana egxile kukhuseleko, ukuqhubeka, kunye nokulandelelana kwexesha elide.

Iinkonzo zethu ze-Pediatric Gastroenterology kunye ne-Hepatology zilawula iingxaki zokugaya ukutya, izondlo, kunye nesibindi ebantwaneni. Ukusuka kwiintlungu zesisu ezingapheliyo kunye nesifo samathumbu esidumbileyo ukuya kwiimeko zesibindi ezintsonkothileyo, ukhathalelo ludibanisa ukuxilongwa okuphambili, ulawulo lwezonyango, inkxaso yesondlo, kunye nokunxibelelana ngokusondeleyo noogqirha botyando lwabantwana xa kufuneka.

Inkqubo yethu yokufakelwa kwezintso zabantwana inika ukhathalelo olupheleleyo lokufakelwa kwabantwana abanesifo sezintso esikwinqanaba lokugqibela. Ukusuka kuvavanyo lwangaphambi kokufakelwa kunye nobuchule botyando ukuya ekujongeni emva kokufakelwa kunye nokulandelela ubomi bonke, ukhathalelo lunikezelwa liqela elinamacandelo amaninzi azinikele ekuqinisekiseni ukhuseleko, ubude bexesha lokufakelwa, kunye nomgangatho wobomi.

I-Endocrinology yabantwana ijongana neengxaki zehomoni kunye ne-metabolic ezichaphazela ukukhula nophuhliso lwabantwana. Iimeko ezinje ngesifo seswekile, iingxaki zokukhula, iingxaki ze-thyroid, kunye neengxaki ezinxulumene nokufikisa zilawulwa ngezicwangciso zonyango ezenzelwe wena, ukujonga okuqhubekayo, kunye nemfundo egxile kusapho.

Inkqubo yethu yeCerebral Palsy kunye neNeurodevelopmental Care inikezela ngolawulo olupheleleyo nolunezifundo ezininzi olujolise ekuphuculeni ukuhambahamba, ukuzimela, kunye nomgangatho wobomi. I-Care idibanisa ulawulo lwezonyango, unyango lokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo, ubuchwepheshe bokuncedisa, kunye nenkxaso yosapho kwiziphumo zomsebenzi wexesha elide.

I-Pediatric Orthopedics ibonelela ngonyango olukhethekileyo kwiimeko zamathambo, amalungu, kunye nemisipha ezikhethekileyo kubantwana abasakhulayo. Oku kuquka ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa, ukungangqinelani kobude bemilenze, i-scoliosis, ukwaphuka kwamalungu, kunye nokwenzakala kwezemidlalo, kugxilwe ekubuyiseleni umsebenzi ngelixa kuxhaswa ukukhula okunempilo kunye nophuhliso.

Olu lwazi lubonelela ngononophelo olupheleleyo lweemeko zendlebe, impumlo, umphimbo, kunye neendlela zomoya ebantwaneni. Iinkonzo ziquka ulawulo lokulahlekelwa kukuva, usulelo oluphindaphindayo, ukuvaleka kwendlela yomoya, kunye neengxaki zelizwi, ezixhaswa zizifo eziphambili kunye nonyango lotyando olufanelekileyo nolungenalo utyando olusetyenziswa ngabantwana.

I-Pediatric Pulmonology igxile kwizifo zokuphefumla ezichaphazela iintsana nabantwana, kubandakanya i-asthma, isifo semiphunga esingapheliyo, izifo eziphindaphindayo, kunye neengxaki zokuphefumla ezinxulumene nokulala. Ukhathalelo lubandakanya uvavanyo lokuxilongwa oluphambili, ulawulo lwezifo zexesha elide, kunye nenkxaso edibeneyo yokuphucula impilo yokuphefumla.

Olu lwazi lubonelela ngononophelo olupheleleyo lweemeko zendlebe, impumlo, umphimbo, kunye neendlela zomoya ebantwaneni. Iinkonzo ziquka ulawulo lokulahlekelwa kukuva, usulelo oluphindaphindayo, ukuvaleka kwendlela yomoya, kunye neengxaki zelizwi, ezixhaswa zizifo eziphambili kunye nonyango lotyando olufanelekileyo nolungenalo utyando olusetyenziswa ngabantwana.

I-Pediatric Ophthalmology inikezela ngononophelo lwamehlo olukhethekileyo kubantwana, ijongana neengxaki zokubona, ukufiphala kwamehlo, iingxaki zamehlo ezizalwa nazo, kunye nokwenzakala kwamehlo. Ukuxilongwa kwangoko kunye nokungenelela ngexesha elifanelekileyo kunceda ukuxhasa uphuhliso olusempilweni lokubona kunye nokuthintela ukukhubazeka kokubona ixesha elide.

Iinkonzo zethu zePediatric Dentistry kunye neMaxillofacial zijongana neemeko zamazinyo, zomlomo, kunye nezobuso ebantwaneni. Ukhathalelo lubandakanya ulawulo lwezinto ezingaqhelekanga zokuzalwa, usulelo lomlomo, ukwenzakala, kunye neemfuno zamazinyo ezinzima, ezinikezelwa kwindawo efanelekileyo kubantwana ebeka phambili intuthuzelo nokhuseleko.

Unyango lwe-Pediatric Rehabilitation kunye ne-Physiotherapy lugxile ekubuyiseleni intshukumo, amandla, kunye nokuzimela kokusebenza kakuhle kubantwana abaneemeko zonyango, utyando, okanye ukukhula. Iinkqubo zonyango ezilungiselelwe umntu ngamnye zenzelwe ukuxhasa ukuhambahamba, ukulungelelaniswa, kunye nophuhliso lomzimba lwexesha elide.

Le nkonzo ixhasa abantwana abaneengxaki zokuthetha, ulwimi, unxibelelwano, kunye nokondla. Ngonyango olucwangcisiweyo kunye nongenelelo lophuhliso, iqela linceda abantwana baphucule izakhono zonxibelelwano, izakhono zokutya, kunye nokuzithemba ngokubanzi kunxibelelwano lwemihla ngemihla.

Uvavanyo lwegazi kunye nomchamo lubalulekile ekuboneni usulelo, ukunqongophala kwesondlo, ukungahambi kakuhle kwelungu lomzimba, kunye neminye imiba yezempilo kumntwana wakho. Olu vavanyo lunceda ukuseka isiseko sempilo yomntwana wakho.

Yenziwa njani:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Inaliti isetyenziselwa ukutsala igazi, ngokuqhelekileyo ukusuka engalweni. Kwiintsana, ukubethelwa isithende kunokwenziwa.
• Uvavanyo lomchamo: Kukho isikhongozeli esingenazintsholongwane ukuze kuqokelelwe umchamo. Kubantwana abancinci okanye kwiintsana, isikhwama esikhethekileyo sokuqokelela sinokusetyenziswa.

Yintoni ekufuneka Abazali Bayilindele:

• I-pild prick ngexesha lokuqokelela igazi, elihlala imizuzwana embalwa kuphela.
• Khuthaza umntwana wakho ukuba ahlale ezolile; iindlela zokuphazamisa ezifana nezinto zokudlala okanye iingoma zinokunceda.
• Iziphumo zovavanyo zidla ngokufumaneka kwiiyure ezingama-24–48.

Iimvavanyo zokucinga ezifana ne-X-reyi, i-ultrasounds, kunye ne-MRIs zibonelela ngemifanekiso ecacileyo yamathambo, amalungu kunye nezicubu. Ezi zibalulekile ekuxilongeni ukwaphuka, ukungahambi kakuhle kokukhula, okanye iimeko zangaphakathi kumntwana wakho.

Yenziwa njani:

• X-Ray: Umntwana wakho uya kubekwa phezu kwetafile ngelixa igcisa lisebenzisa umatshini ukufota imifanekiso yamathambo okanye yesifuba. Inkqubo ikhawuleza kwaye ayinabuhlungu.
• Ultrasound: Isixhobo esiphathwa ngesandla (i-transducer) sishukunyiswa phezu kwesikhumba ngejeli esetyenziswa ukuphucula umgangatho womfanekiso.
• I-CT Scan/MRI: Umntwana wakho unokufuna ukuba alale ngaphakathi kumatshini omkhulu ngelixa umfanekiso ophucukileyo uthatha imifanekiso yangaphakathi eneenkcukacha. Aba matshini banokungxola kwaye boyike ukuze umntwana wakho anikwe ii-headphones ezinomculo ukuze athintele ingxolo okanye ukuthomalalisa ukuba kuyimfuneko.

Yintoni ekufuneka Abazali Bayilindele:

• Chaza inkqubo kumntwana wakho kwangaphambili ukunciphisa ixhala.
• Ukwenza umfanekiso awungeneleli kodwa kunokufuna ukuba umntwana wakho ahlale nje imizuzu embalwa.
• Iziphumo ziya kwabelwana ngogqirha wabantwana, ziqaqambise naziphi na izinto ezingaqhelekanga.

Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kubalulekile ekubekeni iliso emzimbeni, ngokweemvakalelo, nasekukhuleni komntwana wakho.

Yenziwa njani:

• Umlinganiselo wobude, ubunzima, kunye nesangqa sentloko ukulandelela ukukhula.
• Uxilongo olucokisekileyo lomzimba, kuquka intliziyo, imiphunga, kunye nokuhlolwa kwesisu.
• Ibhetri legazi, umchamo kunye novavanyo lwemifanekiso ukujonga zonke iiparamitha zomntwana wakho.
• Ingxoxo malunga nokulala, isondlo, kunye nenkqubela phambili yophuhliso.

Yintoni ekufuneka Abazali Bayilindele:

• Iseshini ekhululekileyo, esebenzisanayo eyenzelwe ukwenza umntwana wakho akhululeke.
• Yazisa naziphi na iinkxalabo zabazali malunga nokutya, indlela yokuziphatha, okanye amanyathelo abalulekileyo.
• Iingcebiso ezilungiselelwe ukugcina indlela yokuphila esempilweni.

Ugonyo lilitye lembombo lothintelo lwezempilo, ukukhusela umntwana wakho kwizifo ezosulelayo njengemasisi, ipoliyo, kunye nehepatitis. Izitofu zokugonya zingundoqo kukhuseleko lobomi bonke ngokuchasene nosulelo oluninzi oluyingozi.

Yenziwa njani:

• Inaliti encinci isetyenziselwa ukutofa isitofu sokugonya, idla ngokungena engalweni okanye ethangeni.
• Ishedyuli yogonyo yenziwa ngokusekelwe kwiminyaka yobudala bomntwana wakho kunye nembali yonyango.

Yintoni ekufuneka Abazali Bayilindele:

• Ukukhathazeka kancinci kwindawo yokutofa, ngamanye amaxesha kukhatshwa ngumkhuhlane ophantsi.
• Ukubonelela ngolwelo oluninzi kunye nendawo ethuthuzelayo emva kokugonywa.
• Iirekhodi ezineenkcukacha zembali yogonyo lomntwana wakho ukuze zisetyenziswe kwixesha elizayo.

Ukubonwa kwangaphambili kweengxaki zokuva okanye umbono kuqinisekisa ukungenelela kwangethuba, ukukhuthaza intetho eqhelekileyo kunye nophuhliso lokuqonda.

Yenziwa njani:

• Iimvavanyo zokuva: Inokubandakanya i-otoacoustic emissions (OAE) okanye iimvavanyo ze-auditory brainstem response (ABR), apho kudlalwa khona izandi, kwaye iimpendulo zirekhodwa.
• Iimvavanyo zombono: Bandakanya iimvavanyo ze-acuity acuity usebenzisa itshathi yamehlo kunye novavanyo lweempazamo ezihlaziyiweyo okanye ukulungelelaniswa kwamehlo.

Yintoni ekufuneka Abazali Bayilindele:

• Iinkqubo ezingezizo kunye nezingenabuhlungu ezenziwa kwigumbi elizolileyo.
• Iziphumo zixoxwa ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ukuba kuyimfuneko, ukuthunyelwa kwiingcali zinikezelwa.

Uvavanyo lwe-alergy luchonga izinto ezibangela ukuba zifane ne-pollen, ukutya, okanye uthuli olunokubangela ukuphazamiseka kumntwana wakho.

Yenziwa njani:

• Uvavanyo lwe-Skin Prick: Izixa ezincinci ze-allergen zingeniswa eluswini zisebenzisa inaliti encinci. Ngokusekwe kwinqanaba lokusabela kuyo nayiphi na into engalunganga, ugqirha womntwana wakho unokucebisa unyango lwe-anti-histamine kunye notshintsho olunokwenzeka lwendlela yokuphila.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Isampuli yegazi ithathwa ukulinganisa izilwa-buhlungu ezithile.

Yintoni ekufuneka Abazali Bayilindele:

• Uvavanyo lwe-skin prick lunokubangela ukurhawuzelelwa kancinci okanye ububomvu, okusombulula ngokukhawuleza.
• Iimvavanyo zegazi zincinci kwaye iziphumo zifumaneka kwiintsuku ezimbalwa.
• Ugqirha wabantwana womntwana wakho uya kukunika isicwangciso esibanzi sokulawula i-allergies.

Funda ngokugqithisileyo

Ezi mvavanyo zivavanya ukukhula komzimba kunye nengqondo yomntwana wakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba uhlangabezana nemilinganiselo efanelekileyo yobudala.

Yenziwa njani:

• Uvavanyo lwezakhono zemoto, intetho, kunye nezakhono zokusombulula iingxaki.
• Imilinganiselo yomzimba kunye nophononongo lwembali yophuhliso.
• Kwezinye iimeko, iimvavanyo zelebhu ezongezelelweyo okanye umfanekiso unokucetyiswa.

Yintoni ekufuneka Abazali Bayilindele:

• Indawo ekhululekileyo, esebenzisanayo apho umntwana wakho angenza imisebenzi efana nokuzoba okanye iipuzzle.
• Iimbono ngeendawo ezifuna inkxaso, kunye nokuthunyelwa kwiingcali ukuba ziyafuneka.
• Iingcebiso ezenzelwe wena zokukhuthaza ukukhula kunye nokufunda ekhaya.
• Iingcebiso malunga neendlela zonyango lokuziphatha kubazali babantwana abancinci kakhulu kunyango lokuziphatha kwengqondo

Isebe lePeediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery kwiApollo Institute of Pediatrics liziko lokugqwesa kunyango lotyando lokuzala kunye neemeko zentliziyo nemiphunga ebantwaneni. Iqela lethu labantwana abanezakhono eziphezulu ze-cardiothoracic surgeons, ezixhaswa yi-cardiac specialized anesthesiologists, i-intensivists, kunye nabongikazi, banikezela ngononophelo olubanzi kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu zentliziyo kunye ne-thoracic.

Imimandla ephambili yobungcali ibandakanya:

1. Iziphene zentliziyo yokuzalwa

• Iingxaki ngesakhiwo sentliziyo ezikhoyo ekuzalweni, ukusuka kwizinto ezithambileyo ukuya kubeka ubomi esichengeni.
• Ukulungiswa kokuhlinzwa kweemeko ezifana neziphene ze-atrial kunye ne-ventricular septal, i-Tetralogy ye-Fallot, kunye nokutshintshwa kwee-arteries ezinkulu, njl.

2. Utyando lwentliziyo yosana

• Uqhaqho olukhethekileyo kubantwana abasanda kuzalwa abagula kakhulu abaneziphene zentliziyo.

3. Ukulungiswa kwevalvu yentliziyo kunye nokutshintshwa

• Iboniswe kwivalvu evaliweyo/ecuthekileyo entliziyweni yomntwana wakho okanye engasebenzi ngokwesiqhelo.
• Iinkqubo zokulungisa ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwevalvu ngelixa ugcina ukusebenza kwentliziyo.

4. Ukwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-aortic arch

• I-coarctation (ukuncipha) kwe-aorta (owona mthambo mkhulu emzimbeni) sisifo sentliziyo sokuzalwa esenzeka xa i-aorta yomntwana ingenzi kakuhle ngexesha lokukhulelwa, elungiswa ngotyando.
• Unyango lotyando lokunciphisa i-aorta kunye nezinye iziphene ze-arch.

5. Ulawulo lwe-cardiomyopathies

• Imeko yentliziyo enqabileyo echaphazela isihlunu sentliziyo ebantwaneni.
• Iinketho zotyando kwizifo zemisipha yentliziyo ezingaphenduliyo kunyango lonyango.

6. Imiphunga kunye nodonga lwesifuba olungaqhelekanga

• Oku kubandakanya ukungahambi kakuhle kwesakhiwo sesifuba, iimeko ezichaphazela imiphunga kunye nomgodi wesifuba, njl.
• Ubuchwephesha bokulungiswa kwemiphunga, izilungiso zodonga lwesifuba, kunye nokunyangwa kobunzima be-thoracic.

Ubuchwephesha beCardiology yabantwana be-Apollo Institute of Pediatrics baziwa kulo lonke elaseIndiya ngokhathalelo oluphezulu lwezigulane kunye neziphumo zonyango. Ukusukela ebusaneni ukuya ebudaleni, iqela lethu lee-Cardiologists, ooGqirha bentliziyo, abongikazi kunye nezinye iingcali ngokudibeneyo bazinikele ngokukodwa ekuboneleleni ngeenkonzo zentliziyo kwizigulana ezinesifo sentliziyo esizalwa kunye nezinye iimeko ezinqabileyo zentliziyo. Nyaka ngamnye, ii-Cardiologists zethu zikhathalela ngaphezu kwe-10,000 yabantwana kunye nabantu abadala abaneziphene ezizalwa kunye nezifunyenwe zentliziyo, kubandakanywa iimeko ezinqabileyo kunye nezona zinzima kwihlabathi. Eli nqanaba lamava liguqulela kwiziphumo ezingcono. Iingcali zethu ze-Cardiologists ziphantsi kweengcali kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo ze-Cardiology ezibandakanya ungenelelo lwe-Catheter, i-Fetal Cardiology, i-Echocardiography ye-Three Dimensional, i-pulmonary hypertension, ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo kunye neNtliziyo yabantwana kunye noTshintsho lwemiphunga.

INKQUBO YE-ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY NE-FETAL CARIOLOGY
Sisebenza ngokukhethekileyo kwi-Echocardiography ye-Congenital and Structural heart disease. Zombini izifundo zeTransthoracic kunye neTransesophageal Three Dimensional echocardiographic zenziwa ngoomatshini abakwizinga eliphezulu. Izixhobo eziphathekayo ze-echocardiography ziyafumaneka kwilebhu yeCatheterisations, Igumbi lokuSebenza le-Cardiac, i-Cardiothoracic ICU kunye nokunyamekela kwabantwana. Senza i-echocardiography yomntwana kwaye sinikezela ngeenkonzo zokucetyiswa kwangaphambi kokubeleka kukukhulelwa okusemngciphekweni omkhulu. Iqela lethu linolwazi kukhathalelo lwentliziyo olungxamisekileyo lwe-Neonatal, ungenelelo lwe-Neonatal kwaye linika igalelo kuqhaqho lwangaphambi nasemva kwentliziyo.

I-CARDIAC CATHETER INGENELELO
Sineqela lee-Interventional Cardiologists abenza ungenelelo oluntsonkothileyo lwesakhiwo kubandakanywa ungenelelo losana olusanda kuzalwa, ukungenelela kwabantu abadala kunye neenkqubo zeHybrid. Senza malunga nama-500 ongenelelo lwe-catheter ngonyaka, kwilebhu yethu yangoku ye-catheterization.

UKUNGAPHUMELEKI KWENTLIZIYO / IIKLINIKI ZOKUFUMANEKA KWEMIPHUMELA KUNYE NENKQUBO YOKUTSHATYELA
Sigcina i-database ye-Heart failure kunye nezigulane ze-pulmonary hypertensive. Uvavanyo oluneenkcukacha lweklinikhi lwenziwa kwezi zigulana kwi-Heart failure kunye ne-Pulmonary hypertension clinics eziqhutywa kabini ngeveki.

INKQUBO YOQEQESHO
Eli Sebe livunyiwe kwiBhodi yeSizwe yeeMviwo (NBE) kwiinkqubo zoBudlelwane. Sixhasa uphuhliso lweenkokeli ezizayo kukhathalelo lwe-Peediatric Cardiac. Ngoku sibamba oogxa bebhodi yeSizwe, oogxa bamazwe ngamazwe kunye noogxa bethu abajikelezayo besuka kuNyango lwaBantwana nakwiCardiology yabantu abadala. Abalingane bafumana izandla kuqeqesho kwi-Echocardiography kunye neCardiac Catheterization process. Sinikezela ngenkqubo yezifundo ngeengxoxo zetyala lekliniki rhoqo, iiklabhu zejenali, iisemina kunye novavanyo olusebenzayo. Amaphepha anikezelwa rhoqo kwiinkomfa zeSizwe kunye nezamazwe ngamazwe.

Funda ngokugqithisileyo

ISebe le- Paediatric Urology libonelela ngononophelo olupheleleyo nolunezifundo ezininzi kubantwana abaneengxaki ezahlukeneyo ze-Urological / iingxaki ze-Urological. Sinikezela ngonyango olujolise kakhulu kwiingxaki ze-Urology. Iingcali zethu zotyando lwe-Paediatric Urology zenza utyando oluchanekileyo oluxhaswa kukufumaneka kwezixhobo zamva nje zokuncedisa kunye nenkxaso yokuxhasa abasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo kwicandelo lotyando lwe-Key hole, utyando lwe-Laparoscopic, utyando lwe-Robotic kunye ne-Endourology.

Iimeko zonyango kunye neeNkonzo ezinikezelwayo:

• Sisebenza ngokukhethekileyo kwiinkqubo zoku:
  • IHydronephrosis- yimeko ebandakanya ukudumba kwezintso ngenxa yokwanda komchamo
  • I-pelvic ureteric junction obstruction- ukuvaleka kwendlela yokuhlangana apho intso idibana ne-ureter
  • VUR / Duplex System

I-Vesicoureteral reflux [VUR] yenzeka xa umchamo ubuyela umva ukusuka kwisinyi ukuya kwizintso, okonyusa umngcipheko wosulelo lwezintso kunye nomonakalo. Inkqubo ye-Duplex yimeko yokuzalwa apho intso ineenkqubo ezimbini zokuqokelela ezihlukeneyo endaweni yenkqubo enye eqhelekileyo. Sinikezela ngoluhlu olupheleleyo lweendlela zonyango, ukusuka kulawulo olulondolozayo kunye namayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ukuya kulungiso lotyando olungenabungozi obuncinci, njengokufakelwa ngokutsha kwe-ureter okanye iinaliti ze-endoscopic.

• Ukucetyiswa kwangaphambi kokubeleka kwiimeko ze-urological yomntwana.
• Iimeko ezingxamisekileyo zosana olusandul’ ukubeleka, iziphazamiso ezifunyaniswe ngaphambi kokuzalwa, ubunzima besisu, urosepsis, ukugcinwa komchamo, ubunzima bomzimba, ubuni obungaqhelekanga bangaphandle, njl.
• Iimeko zokuzala: Izintso ezingaqhelekanga, amathumba, i-exstrophy complex, i-genitalia engaqondakaliyo, i-valve engasemva yomchamo, i-scrotal anomalies, njl.
• Ukhathalelo lwe-multidisciplinary kubantwana abane-bladder kunye ne-spine anomalies, edibanisa ukhathalelo oluhlangeneyo lweengcali zabantwana, i-Nephrologists, i-Urologists yabantwana, i-Neurosurgeons, i-Endocrinologists kunye nooGqirha abaPhuhlisayo.
• Iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo ze-Endourological ezifana:
  • I-PUV fulgration: inkqubo encinci yokunyanga i-valve ye-Posterior urethral, ​​imeko ebangela ukuvaleka kwi-urethra yesilisa
  • Ureterocele deroofing: inkqubo yokunyanga ureterocele , ukudumba ekupheleni komchamo
  • Inaliti engaphantsi kwe-ureter ye-Deux ye-Vesicoureteral reflux, kusetyenziswa inaliti ye-agent eninzi ebizwa ngokuba yi-Deux kufuphi nendawo yokungena kwi-ureter.
  • Inaliti ye-Endoscopic ye-'Botox' ye-Neurogenic bladder, apho isinyi sichatshazelwa kukonakala kwemithambo-luvo.
  • Amatye esinyi kunye ne-ureter elawulwa yiLaser Lithotripsy, apho amatye aphulwa ngamandla e-laser.
  • I-PCNL (i-Percutaneous Nephrolithotripsy) yamatye ezintso usebenzisa izithintelo ezincinci .I-Apollo yenye yamaziko ambalwa e-Indiya enza le nkqubo kwiqela leminyaka yabantwana
• I-urology yokuvuselela

Oku kuquka iinkqubo ezifana noKwandiswa kweSinyi.

• Ulawulo lwePenile yabantwana engaqhelekanga: i-penile torsion, i-chordee, incanca efihliweyo, utyando lwe-intersex, kunye ne-Hypospadias. I-Hypospadias yimeko yokuzalwa emadodeni apho ukuvulwa kwe-urethral kuphantsi kwelungu lobudoda endaweni yencam. Singamanye amaziko amakhulu eIndiya apho zonke iintlobo ze-Hypospadias zilungiswa njengenkqubo yenqanaba elinye kunye neziphumo ezithelekiswa nezona zibalaseleyo emhlabeni.
• Ukunyangwa kokusebenza kakubi kwesinyi, ukungxamiseka komchamo, ukungakwazi ukuzibamba, ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-bladder, i-neurogenic bladder, i-enuresis yasebusuku njl.

Isebe le-Pediatric Neurology kwi-Apollo Institute of Pediatrics lizinikele ekuxilongeni nasekunyangeni uluhlu olubanzi lweziphazamiso zemithambo-luvo ebantwaneni, ukususela ebusaneni ukuya ebusheni. Iqela lethu leengcali ze-neurologists zabantwana ezinamava zisebenza ngokubambisana nezinye iingcali ukubonelela ngononophelo olubanzi kwiimeko ezinzima ze-neurological.

Sinelebhu yeNeurophysiology exhotyiswe ngokupheleleyo kulo lonke uvavanyo olufunekayo.

Izibonelelo zophando lwelabhoratri kunye neradiology (kubandakanywa neMRI) ziyafumaneka. I-telemetry yevidiyo ye-EEG yesigulana kunye nezinye izibonelelo zovavanyo lwe-neurophysiological nazo ziyafumaneka kwindawo elungele abantwana.

Iindawo eziphambili ekugxilwe kuzo ziquka:

1. ULawulo lweSithuthwane

• Ulawulo lwezonyango lwexesha elide lwesifo sokuxhuzula, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okubangela ukuba abantu babe neziqephu ezimfutshane zentshukumo ezenzekelayo ebizwa ngokuba kukuxhuzula.
• Uxilongo oluphezulu, kubandakanywa ukujongwa kwe-EEG yevidiyo kunye neuroimaging.
• Uvavanyo lotyando lokuxhuzula kunye nonyango lwe-ketogenic lokutya kumatyala anganyangekiyo ngamayeza.

2. Iziphazamiso zeNeurodevelopmental

• Ukuphazamiseka kwe-Neurodevelopmental liqela leemeko ezichaphazela ingqondo kunye nenkqubo ye-nervous ngexesha lophuhliso, kwaye kunokubangela ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, ukunxibelelana, ukuziphatha, kunye / okanye izakhono zemoto.
• Ukuxilongwa kwangoko kunye nokungenelela kokuphazamiseka okunje nge-autism spectrum disorders (ASD), ukunqongophala kwengqwalasela ye-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), njl.
• Izicwangciso zonyango lwe-multidisciplinary, kubandakanywa ukuziphatha, intetho, kunye nonyango lomsebenzi.
• Ulawulo lwezonyango lweengxaki ze-neurodevelopmental kunye neengcali zengqondo yabantwana

3. Ukuphazamiseka kwe-Neuromuscular

• Ezi ziseti zeemeko apho inkqubo ye-neuromuscular ichaphazelekayo, kubandakanywa neentsholongwane ezilawula imisipha kunye nezihlunu ngokwazo.
• Ubuchwephesha bokulawula iimeko ezifana ne-muscular dystrophy (ubuthathaka obuqhubekayo bezihlunu kunye nokuwohloka), i-myopathies (imiba yezihlunu zesihlunu), kunye ne-Guillain-Barré syndrome (isifo se-neurological esenzeka xa amajoni omzimba ahlasela inkqubo ye-nervous peripheral).
• Uvavanyo lwemfuzo olukwinqanaba eliphezulu kunye nonyango lokubuyisela kwisimo sangaphambili.

4. Intloko kunye nolawulo lwe-migraine

• Iintloko ezahlukeneyo ezibandakanya i-migraines, iintloko ezibuhlungu, iintloko ze-sinus, njl.
• Izicwangciso zonyango lomntu ngamnye ezibandakanya amayeza, uhlengahlengiso kwindlela yokuphila, kunye neengcebiso.

5. Ukuphazamiseka kwentshukumo

• Iimeko ze-neurological ezichaphazela ukukwazi komntwana wakho ukuhamba ngokuqhelekileyo kunye nokulawula.
• Ukuxilongwa kunye nokulawulwa kweemeko ezifana ne-cerebral palsy, i-dystonia, kunye ne-tics.
• Unyango lwe-toxin ye-botulinum kunye neenkonzo zokuvuselela umzimba.

6. Iimeko ze-Neuroimmunological

• Iimeko ezenzekayo xa inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela izihlasela ngokwawo, ize yonakalise ingqondo, imithambo-luvo nezinye izicwili.
• Ubuchwephesha bokulawula i-multiple sclerosis yabantwana, i-encephalomyelitis esasazwa kakhulu (ADEM), kunye ne-autoimmune encephalitis.

Isebe le-Pediatric Orthopedics kwi-Apollo Institute of Pediatrics lijongene nokuxilongwa, unyango, kunye nokulawulwa kweemeko ze-musculoskelet kubantwana kunye nolutsha. Iqela lethu labantwana abanamava ogqirha bamathambo kunye neengcali zibonelela ngononophelo olubanzi kwimiba ebanzi yamathambo, ukusuka kumonzakalo oqhelekileyo ukuya kwiziphene ezinzima zokuzalwa.

Imimandla ephambili yobungcali ibandakanya:

1. Ukuqhekeka kunye nokulimala kwezemidlalo

• Ukulimala okulula okanye okuyinkimbinkimbi kumathambo omntwana wakho, izihlunu, iigaments kunye nee-tendon mhlawumbi ngenxa yokuwa okanye isiganeko esinxulumene nezemidlalo.
• Ukunyamekela ngokukhawuleza amathambo kunye ne-sprains, kugxininisa ukugcinwa kweplate yokukhula.
• Ukubuyiselwa kwimeko yokulimala kwezemidlalo ukubuyisela amandla kunye nokuhamba.

2. Uphuhliso lwe-hip dysplasia

• Imeko apho i-hip joint ayiphuhli ngokufanelekileyo kwiintsana kunye nabantwana abancinci.
• Ukuxilongwa kwangoko kusetyenziswa iindlela eziphambili zokucinga.
• Unyango olungasebenzisi utyando (izibophelelo, ukuqhoboshwa) kunye nonyango (osteotomies) olulungiselelwe iminyaka yomntwana wakho.

3. Ukukhubazeka kwamalungu kunye nokungafani kobude

• Ukungaqhelekanga ekukhuleni nasekuphuhliseni iingalo okanye imilenze yabo.
• Ukulungiswa kwemilenze yesaphetha, amadolo abethekileyo, kunye nokungalingani kobude bemilenze kusetyenziswa iindlela zotyando ezingenelelayo okanye eziphucukileyo.

4. I-Scoliosis kunye nezinye iziphene zomgogodla

• Izinto ezingaqhelekanga kubude kunye nokugoba komqolo womntwana wakho.
• Ukhathalelo olubanzi lwe-scoliosis (icala elisecaleni kumqolo), i-kyphosis (igophe elingasemva kumqolo), kunye neminye imiba yomqolo, kubandakanywa utyando lwe-bracing kunye ne-spinal fusion xa kufuneka.

5. Unyawo olusisilima kunye nezinye iziphene zonyawo

• Ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa okufana nonyawo olusisilima, unyawo olusicaba, umanyano lwetarsal, njl.
• Ubuchwephesha bendlela ye-Ponseti yokusebenzisa i-casts ukuguqula indawo engcono kunye nezilungiso zotyando kwiimeko ezixhathisayo.

6. Ukulawulwa kwamathambo kunye nosulelo oludibeneyo

• Ukuxilongwa ngokukhawuleza kunye nonyango ukukhusela iingxaki zexesha elide.

Isebe le-Development Pediatrics kwi-Apollo Institute of Pediatrics ligxile ekuvavanyeni, ekuxilongeni nasekulawuleni abantwana abanolibaziseko lokukhula kunye nokuphazamiseka. Iqela lethu lophuhliso lwabantwana, iingcali zengqondo, iingcali zentetho, iingcali zonyango, kunye nezinye iingcali zisebenza kunye ukubonelela ngononophelo olubanzi kubantwana abaneenkxalabo ezininzi zophuhliso.

Iindawo eziphambili ekugxilwe kuzo ziquka:

1. Ukulibaziseka koPhuhliso kunye nokuphazamiseka

• Uvavanyo olubanzi kunye nongenelelo olulungiselelweyo lwe-autism spectrum ukuphazamiseka, i-ADHD, ukukhubazeka kokufunda, kunye nokulibaziseka kwemoto.
• Ukungenelela kokuziphatha
• Intetho kunye nonyango lolwimi
• Unyango
• Ulungiso lwenyama
• Ungenelelo lwezemfundo
• Ulawulo lwezonyango xa kufanelekile

2. Iziphazamiso zokuthetha noLwimi

• Uxilongo kunye nonyango lwabantwana abanentetho ebambezelekayo, ukuthintitha okanye imiba yokuthetha.

3. Iingxaki zokuziphatha

• Ukujongana neenkxalabo ezinjengobundlongondlongo, ukuxhalaba, kunye nemiba yengqwalasela ngokusebenzisa iingcebiso kunye nonyango lokuziphatha.
• Ulawulo lwezonyango ukuba luyimfuneko.

Isebe le-Pediatric Endocrinology kwi-Apollo Institute of Pediatrics ligxininise ekuxilongweni kunye nonyango lweengxaki zehomoni kubantwana nakwishumi elivisayo. Inkqubo ye-endocrine yinethiwekhi eyinkimbinkimbi yamadlala kunye namalungu, esebenzisa amahomoni ukulawula kunye nokulungelelanisa imetabolism yomntwana wakho, inqanaba lamandla, ukuzala, ukukhula kunye nophuhliso. Iqela lethu leendocrinologists zabantwana abanamava libonelela ngokhathalelo olubanzi lweemeko ezininzi ze-endocrine ezichaphazela ukukhula, uphuhliso, imetabolism, kunye nempilo yokuzala.

Imimandla ephambili yobungcali ibandakanya:

1. Ukuphazamiseka kokukhula

• Iziphazamiso ezibangelwa kukunqongophala okanye ukugqithisa kwamahomoni okukhula kumntwana wakho.
• Ukulawulwa kobude obufutshane kunye nokusilela kwehomoni yokukhula okanye ukugqithisa.

2. Iziphazamiso zedlala lengqula

• Ingxaki eqhelekileyo ye-endocrine echaphazela ukuveliswa kwehomoni ye-thyroid eveliswa kwi-thyroid gland.
• Unyango lwe-hypothyroidism, i-hyperthyroidism, kunye nokuphazamiseka kwe-thyroid ye-congenital ebantwaneni.

3. Isifo seswekile (uHlobo loku-1 kunye noHlobo lwesi-2)

• Isifo esingapheliyo esenzeka xa umzimba womntwana wakho ungavelisi i-insulin eyaneleyo okanye awukwazi ukuyisebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo, ngaloo ndlela ubangela ukugqithisa kweglucose emzimbeni.
• Uhlobo loku-1 lweswekile luphazamiseko lwe-autoimmune apho amajoni omzimba womntwana wakho ahlasela iiseli zepancreatic ezivelisa i-insulin, ngelixa uhlobo lwe-2 yeswekile sisigulo esinxulumene nendlela yokuphila ehlala idityaniswa nokutyeba kunye nendlela yokuphila engalunganga.
• Ukhathalelo olubanzi, kubandakanywa unyango lwe-insulin kunye nokubeka iliso kwi-glucose kwi-Type 1 kunye ne-Type ye-2 yeswekile, kunye neengcebiso zokuphila zohlobo lwe-2 yeswekile.

4. Iziphazamiso zokufikisa

• Ukungalingani kweHormonal kumntwana wakho, okukhokelela ekuveliseni ngokugqithiseleyo okanye ekuveliseni ngaphantsi kweehomoni zokuzala.
• Ukuveliswa okugqithisileyo kweehomoni zokuzala kunokukhokelela ekufikiseni kwangaphambili (kwangoko), ngelixa ukuveliswa okanye ukulibaziseka kokuveliswa kweehomoni zokuzala kunokukhokelela ekufikiseni ukulibaziseka.
• Ulawulo lokufikisa kwangaphambili okanye ukulibaziseka.

5. Calcium kunye nokuphazamiseka kwamathambo

• Ukuphazamiseka kwamathambo kunokubangelwa yimiba emininzi, kubandakanywa iimeko zofuzo kunye nokungabikho kwesondlo.
• Unyango lwe-rickets, i-osteogenesis imperfecta, i-osteoporosis, kunye nezinye iimeko zethambo lomzimba kumntwana wakho.

6. Ukutyeba kakhulu kunye nesifo se-metabolic syndrome

• Inxulunyaniswa nokumelana ne-insulin, ukudumba kwenkqubo, kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle kweselula.
• Ukungenelela kwendlela yokuphila kunye nolawulo lwezonyango ukukhusela iingxaki.

Isebe le-Pediatric Gastroenterology & Hepatology kwi-Apollo Institute of Pediatrics ligxile ekuxilongeni nasekunyangeni ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo yokwetyisa, isibindi, kunye ne-pancreas kwiintsana, abantwana kunye nabafikisayo. Iqela lethu labantwana abanamava kwi-gastroenterologists kunye ne-hepatologists inikezela ngononophelo olubanzi kwiimeko ezininzi zesisu kunye nesibindi.

Imimandla ephambili yobungcali ibandakanya:

1. Isifo samathumbu esivuthayo

• Imeko engapheliyo yokudumba kwendlela yesisu, kuquka nesifo sikaCrohn kunye nesifo sokudumba kwezilonda esiswini, esihlala sibangela iintlungu zesisu, urhudo, kunye nokuncipha komzimba.
• Ulawulo olubanzi lubandakanya iingcebiso ngokutya kunye namayeza.

2. Isifo seGastroesophageal reflux (GERD)

• Imeko apho iasidi yesisu iqukuqela rhoqo ibuyele kummizo, ikhokelela kwiimpawu ezifana nesitshisa, ukuhlanza, okanye ubunzima bokutya.
• Ukuguqulwa kwendlela yokuphila, ukulungiswa kokutya, amayeza okunciphisa ukuveliswa kwe-asidi, kwaye kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa.

3. Isifo seCeliac

• Ukuphazamiseka kwe-autoimmune okubangelwa yi-gluten, okukhokelela kumonakalo kumathumbu amancinci.
• Iingcebiso kunye nenkxaso yesondlo ukujongana nokusilela.

4. Ukuphazamiseka kokuhamba

• Iziphazamiso ezichaphazela ukuhamba kokutya kwindlela yokugaya umntwana wakho, kubandakanywa ukuqhina okungapheliyo okanye ukulibaziseka kwesisu.
• Izicwangciso zonyango ezilungiselelweyo ezibandakanya utshintsho lokutya, amayeza okuphucula ukuhamba, kunye nonyango lwe-biofeedback xa lufuneka.

5. Izifo zesibindi

• Iimeko ezifana ne-hepatitis, isibindi esinamafutha, okanye ukuphazamiseka kwesibindi okunokuphazamisa ukusebenza kwesibindi somntwana kunye nempilo iyonke.
• Ukuxilongwa kwangethuba ngokucinga okuphambili kunye novavanyo lwegazi, iyeza lokulawula ukudumba kwesibindi, kunye nokhathalelo olukhethekileyo lweemeko ezinzima kubandakanya ukutshintshwa.

6. Iziphazamiso zePancreatic

• Izifo ezifana nepancreatitis okanye ukunqongophala kwe-enzyme echaphazela inkqubo yokwetyisa komntwana wakho kunye nokufunxa izondlo.
• Unyango lokubuyisela i-Enzyme kunye nokuguqulwa kokutya ukuxhasa ukwetyisa.

7. Ukuphazamiseka kwesondlo

• Imiba efana nokungondleki, ukusilela ukukhula, okanye ukutyeba okuchaphazela ukukhula nophuhliso lomntwana wakho.
• Uvavanyo olubanzi lwezondlo, izicwangciso zokutya zomntu, kunye nokubeka iliso okuqhubekayo ukuqinisekisa ukukhula okunempilo.

Iinkonzo zethu ziquka: 

• Uthethwano olubanzi, uvavanyo kunye nokuxilongwa, izicwangciso zolawulo ezicacileyo kuquka nenkxaso yesondlo
• Iinkqubo zokuxilonga kunye noNyango ze-endoscopic, ezinje:
  • I-endoscopy ye-GI ephezulu
  • I-endoscopy ye-GI esezantsi (Colonoscopy)
  • I-endoscopy yeCapsule
  • IManometry (Esophageal & Anorectal)
  • Ukuphazamiseka / izifundo ze-pH
• Iinkqubo zesibindi, ezifana:
  • I-biopsy yesibindi
  • Ipolypectomy
  • I-Variceal ligation
  • Unyango lweSclerotherapy
  • Ukwandiswa kwe-Esophageal stricture
• Ukususwa kwemizimba yangaphandle, i-Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy (PEG), i-ERCP.
• Ukhathalelo lokufakelwa kwesibindi: Uvavanyo lwangaphambi kokutshintshwa kunye nokhathalelo lweperioperative ngokulungelelaniswa neqela lotyando lotyando

Isebe le-Pediatric Oncology kwi-Apollo Institute of Pediatrics lizibophelele ekuboneleleni ngemfesane kunye nokhathalelo oluphezulu kubantwana abafunyaniswa benomhlaza. 

Unyango lwabantwana abaneziphazamiso zegazi ezifana ne-anemia kunye neengxaki ezophayo ezifana ne-haemophilia. Imimandla ephambili yenkonzo ibandakanya unyango lwabantwana abane-thalassemia enkulu, i-sickle cell anemia kunye nabantwana abanosulelo oluhlala lukhona ekurhaneleka ukuba banezigulo ezisisiseko zokusilela kwamajoni omzimba. Aba bantwana babonwa kwikliniki yethu ekhethekileyo kwaye babonelelwa ngeenkonzo zokuxilonga ezibandakanya ukusebenza ngemolekyuli kunye nonyango olupheleleyo olubandakanya utyando lokunyanga umongo phantsi kophahla olunye.

Sisebenza njengeqela elineenkonzo zokuxilonga kwaye siyakwazi ukufikelela kwi-PET CT kunye neengcali ze-Histopathologists, i-Haematopathologists, i-Pediatric Intensivists, i-Peediatric Oncosurgeon kunye nee-oncologists ze-radiation ukubonelela ngononophelo oluphezulu kubantwana abanomhlaza.

Utyando lomongo wethambo lunika elona thuba lokunyanga izigulana ezinomhlaza wegazi onzima, ukusilela kwamajoni omzimba kunye nethalassemia enkulu. Iqela le-HOPE lenza malunga nama-80 oqhaqho lwabantwana ngonyaka kwaye lelona ziko loqhaqho loqhaqho lwabantwana likhulu kweli lizwe.

Iindawo eziphambili zobuGcisa:

1. I-Leukemia kunye neLymphomas

• Umhlaza wegazi kunye ne-lymphatic system, efana ne-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) kunye ne-Hodgkin's lymphoma, ephakathi kweyona mihlaza ixhaphakileyo ebantwaneni.
• Ukhathalelo olubanzi lubandakanya i-chemotherapy, unyango olujoliswe kuyo, kunye nokutshintshwa kwe-stem cell kumatyala asemngciphekweni omkhulu.

2. Ubuchopho kunye ne-Central Nervous System Tumors

• Amathumba engqondweni okanye kwintambo yomgogodla, njenge-medulloblastomas kunye ne-gliomas, ezinokuchaphazela umsebenzi we-neurological kunye nophuhliso.
• Ungenelelo lotyando olukwinqanaba eliphezulu, unyango lweradiation usebenzisa iindlela ezichanekileyo, kunye nechemotherapy elungiselelwe uhlobo lwethumba.

3. I-Bone kunye ne-Soft Tissue Sarcomas

• Umhlaza onje nge-osteosarcoma kunye ne-Ewing sarcoma echaphazela amathambo okanye izicubu ezingqongileyo, ihlala ibonakalisa iintlungu zasekhaya okanye ukudumba.
• Indibaniselwano yotyando, ichemotherapy, kunye neradiotherapy, ngobuchule botyando bokugcina amalungu nanini na kunokwenzeka.

4. I-Neuroblastoma

• Umhlaza osuka kwiiseli zemithambo-luvo ezingekavuthwa, ezidla ngokufumaneka kumadlala eadrenal, echaphazela iintsana kunye nabantwana abancinci.
• Indlela ye-multidisciplinary ebandakanya utyando, ichemotherapy, iradiotherapy, kwaye, kwiimeko ezihambele phambili, i-immunotherapy okanye i-stem cell transplantation.

5. Ithumba likaWilms

• Umhlaza wezintso ikakhulu uchaphazela abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-5, uhlala ubonakala njengobunzima besisu obungenabuhlungu.
• Ukususwa kotyando lwethumba, kulandelwa yichemotherapy kwaye, kwezinye iimeko, iradiotherapy ukuqinisekisa ukupheliswa ngokupheleleyo.

6. I-Retinoblastoma

• Umhlaza wamehlo onqabileyo ochaphazela abantwana abancinci, uhlala ubonwa ngokubonakaliswa kwamehlo okungaqhelekanga okanye imiba yombono.
• Unyango luquka ichemotherapy, i-laser therapy, i-cryotherapy, kwaye, kwiimeko ezihambele phambili, i-enucleation (ukususwa kweliso) ukugcina ubomi.

Isebe loTyando lweRobhothi yabantwana liyinxalenye yeUrology yabantwana kunye noTyando lwaBantwana. Eli Sebe linguvulindlela libe negalelo ekuphononongeni ukusetyenziswa kweerobhothi kutyando ebantwaneni. Oyena mntwana umncinci utyandwe kusetyenziswa irobhothi wayeneenyanga ezi-2 kuphela kunye nobunzima be-4 kgs.

Utyando lweRobhothi lulungisiwe utyando lwelaparoscopic. Ngemingxuma emithathu okanye emine, izixhobo zingeniswa emzimbeni kwaye zisetyenziswa ukusika kunye nokuthunga. Izixhobo zoTyando lweRobhothi zineengcebiso ezincinci ezishukumayo, ezijijwayo nezijikayo njengesandla somntu. Kunye nale nto, ikhamera yerobhothi inika umbono omacala amathathu wamalungu angaphakathi kwiinkcukacha ezimangalisayo. Ubunzulu bombono obonelelwe yirobhothi yenza utyando oluthambileyo noluchanekileyo ukuba lwenziwe ngokugula okuncinci. Oku kuthetha ukuba kuphela ilungu eligulayo lijongene nalo kwaye akukho kuphazamiseka kubangelwa izakhiwo ezikufutshane.

Ngokungafaniyo notyando lwe-laparoscopic, iintshukumo zerobhothi zichanekile, ziqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo igqitywe ngexesha elifutshane kakhulu. Ubude bexesha le-anesthesia liyancitshiswa kwaye ukubuyisela emva kokusebenza ngokukhawuleza. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukondla ngomlomo kunokuqaliswa kwiiyure ezimbalwa kwaye umntwana ukhululwe kwisithuba sosuku okanye ezimbini. Ukulaliswa esibhedlele okufutshane kuqinisekisa ukuba abazali abasebenzayo abachaphazeleki ngokungafanelekanga.

IYunithi yoNyango lwaBantwana (i-PICU) ye-Apollo Institute of Pediatrics yeyona ndawo iphambili yonyango yohlobo lwayo, ibonelela ngelona nqanaba liphezulu lokhathalelo kubantwana abagula kakhulu kunye nabenzakeleyo. Abantwana abaninzi abagula kakhulu abaneemeko ezinzima bathunyelwa kulo lonke elaseIndiya, nakumazwe ngamazwe . 

Iqela le-PICU libonelela ngonyango lwangoku, olusekelwe kubungqina kwaye lunamathela ngokusondeleyo kwiinkqubo ezilungileyo zehlabathi. Iyunithi inabasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo kumazwe ngamazwe nabazinikele kakhulu kooGqirha baBantwana abaNakekelwa ngokunzulu kwaye babonelela ngokhathalelo olubalulekileyo iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku, iintsuku ezisi-7 ngeveki. Banxibelelana rhoqo neengcali zonyango lwabantwana kunye neengcali zotyando malunga nokulungelelaniswa kokhathalelo, ukukhutshwa kunye nokulandelela. Ukongeza, abongikazi abaqeqeshelwe uKhathalelo oluKhethekileyo bancedisana nokhathalelo lwe-PICU.

U-Apollo unikezela ngoqeqesho lwe-Pediatric Intensive Care Fellowship kwaye uye wakhokela uphando olubalulekileyo oluye lwapapashwa kwiijenali zesizwe kunye nezamazwe ngamazwe ezikhethekileyo.

UKHATHALELO OLUKHETHEKILEYO

• Ukhathalelo lwe-multi-system trauma
• Inkxaso yeSifo esosulelayo esinegalelo kunyango ekujoliswe kulo losulelo oluxhathisayo nolunzima
• Isebe lokuLawula ukosuleleka okungqongqo elibeka esweni ngokungqongqo uthintelo losulelo kunye nokunciphisa usulelo olufunyenwe esibhedlele.
• Ukhathalelo olukhethekileyo lokutshisa
• I-Cardiac Intensive Care emva kokuhlinzwa ngenxa yesifo senhliziyo sokuzalwa
• Ukhathalelo lwe-PICU emva kotyando olunzima lwesisu kunye ne-thoracic, i-neurosurgical kunye ne-craniofacial kunye noqhaqho lomnqonqo.
• Ukhathalelo lwe-Oncological / Haematological
• Inkqubo yokuHlala
• Iinkqubo zokuxilonga ezisecaleni kwebhedi / ezingahlaseliyo (umzekelo, i-Bronchoscopy, i-EEG esecaleni kwebhedi, i-ECG kunye ne-echocardiography)
• Ukubuyiswa ngokukhawuleza kwonyango kwiindlela ezintsonkothileyo zomothuko wokujikeleza usebenzisa i-"Point of care" egxininisiweyo ye-Cardiac, Lung and Abdomen Ultrasound
• Ukujongwa koxinzelelo lwe-Intracranial (ICP)
• I-Multimodal Monitoring yokujongwa kwemveliso ye-Cardiac-USCOM, i-PiCCO
• I-Ultrasound ekhokelwayo yokubekwa kwe-central vascular access ephucula ukuchaneka
• Oomatshini bokulinganisa igesi yegazi
• Inkqubo yokubeka iliso kwindawo enye
• I-algorithms yomoya onzima kunye nezixhobo
• Unyango lokuphefumula
• Unyango olusezantsi lweoksijini
• Non-invasive ventilation-BiPAP/CPAP
• Unyango lwe-nitric oxide
• I-ventilator ephezulu
• Iimonitha ze-CO2 zokuphela kwamanzi
• I-Hemofiltration / dialysis / SLED / i-peritoneal dialysis
• I-extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)

Indawo ye-ECMO ekhethekileyo kunye neyodwa yemeko yobugcisa ifumaneka kwi-PICU complex. Ngoxinzelelo olulungileyo olulawulwa ngumoya kunye nomphezulu ochasene neentsholongwane, iyunithi ye-ECMO inemigangatho engqongqo yokulawula usulelo ehambelana naleyo ikwi-Operation Theatre. Iqela elinamava lamacandelo amaninzi linokuseta i-ECMO phantsi kweyure ngenxa yokungaphumeleli kokuphefumla okukhulu okanye ukungaphumeleli kwe-cardio-respiratory eye yasilela unyango oluqhelekileyo. Abantwana abaninzi abagula kakhulu abangaphumelelanga kunyango oluqhelekileyo baye bafumana ngempumelelo i-VV-ECMO (yokungaphumeleli kokuphefumla kwe-refractory) kunye ne-VA-ECMO (ye-refractory shock).

Izibhedlele ze-Apollo zithatha inxaxheba ngokusebenzayo kwiimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo eziqhubekayo zabantwana ezijolise ekuhloleni unyango olutsha kunye nobuchwepheshe. Olu lingo lubandakanya:

• Uvavanyo lweklinikhi lwamayeza amatsha: Ukuvavanya ukusebenza kunye nokhuseleko lwamachiza amatsha ayilelwe ukulawula iimeko zabantwana ezifana nesifuba, ukuxhuzula, kunye nomhlaza wabantwana.
• Uvavanyo lwesiXhobo: Ukuvavanya ukusebenza kwezixhobo ezintsha, ezifana nokufakelwa kwentliziyo yabantwana kunye nezixhobo eziphambili zokuxilonga, ekuphuculeni iziphumo zesigulane.
• Izifundo zoPhuhliso: Ukuphanda ngempembelelo yokungenelela kwangaphambili ekuphuhlisweni komntwana, kubandakanywa isondlo, ukuvuselela ingqondo, kunye nonyango lokuziphatha.

Olu lingo alupheleli nje ekubeni negalelo kuphando lwehlabathi kodwa lukwabonelela abaguli bethu abancinci ukufikelela kunyango olukumgangatho ophezulu.

Iqela lethu labantwana lizinikele ekuqhubeleni phambili icandelo ngophando kunye nopapasho. Sinikele ngamaphepha amaninzi kwiijenali zonyango ezidumileyo kwimixholo efana nale:

• IiNdlela eziTshayo zoTyando: Uphononongo ngotyando lwabantwana oluncinci olunciphisa amaxesha okubuyisela kunye nokuphucula iziphumo.
• Iziphumo zexesha elide zoNonophelo lweNtsana: Uphando oluchaza amanqanaba empumelelo kunye nenkqubela phambili yophuhliso lweentsana ezizelwe phambi kwexesha eziphathwayo kwiNICU yethu.
• Ulawulo lweeMeko eziNgapheliyo zabantwana: Ushicilelo olujolise kwiindlela ezingcono zokulawula iimeko ezifana nesifo seswekile sabantwana kunye neziphene zentliziyo yokuzalwa.

Ezi mpapasho zinceda ukusasaza ulwazi kunye nokuseka imigangatho emitsha kukhathalelo lwabantwana.

Izibhedlele ze-Apollo zisebenzisana namaziko aphambili kunye nemibutho yophando ukwenza izifundo ezibanzi ezandisa ukuqonda kwethu impilo yabantwana. Ezi nzame zentsebenziswano ziquka:

• Uvavanyo lwamaziko amaninzi: Ukusebenzisana nezinye izibhedlele ukuvavanya iiprothokholi zonyango ezinkulu, ukuqinisekisa ukumelwa kwezigulane ezahlukeneyo kunye nedatha eyomeleleyo.
• Amanyathelo oPhando lwamazwe ngamazwe: Ukubandakanyeka kwiiprojekthi zophando zehlabathi ezijongana nemiba yabantwana exhaphakileyo kubantu abahlukeneyo.
• Intsebenziswano kwezemfundo: Ukusebenza namaziko emfundo ukuqeqesha oogqirha babantwana bexesha elizayo kunye nokwabelana ngenkqubela phambili yamva nje kukhathalelo lwempilo yabantwana.

Ezi ntsebenziswano zomeleza amandla ethu ophando kwaye zibe negalelo ekuphuculeni ukhathalelo lwezigulane.

Ukuzinikela kwethu kukhathalelo lomguli ngamnye kubonakala kuninzi lwezifundo zesigulana sabantwana, eziqaqambisa iziphumo zonyango ezinempumelelo kuzo zonke iincutshe ezahlukeneyo.