UTyando lulonke loTshintsho lwedolo (TKR) - Iinkqubo, uLungiselelo, iindleko, kunye noBuyiselo

I-Total Knee Replacement (TKR) Utyando yinkqubo yotyando eyenzelwe ukukhulula intlungu kunye nokubuyisela umsebenzi kwizigulane ezinomonakalo omkhulu wamadolo. Lo monakalo udla ngokubangelwa ziimeko ezifana ne-osteoarthritis okanye isifo samathambo. Ngethuba lenkqubo, iindawo ezonakalisiweyo zamadolo ziyasuswa kwaye zitshintshwe ngamacandelo okwenziwa, okubizwa ngokuba yi-prostheses. Ezi nxalenye zeprosthetic ngokuqhelekileyo zenziwe ngesinyithi kunye neplastiki, eyenzelwe ukulinganisa intshukumo yendalo yamadolo.

Injongo ephambili ye-TKR Surgery kukunciphisa iintlungu kunye nokuphucula ukuhamba kwabantu abo amadolo abo aye aphazamiseka kakhulu. Utyando lujolise ekubuyiseleni umsebenzi wamadolo, ukuvumela izigulane ukuba zibuyele kwimisebenzi yemihla ngemihla, zibandakanye ukuzivocavoca umzimba, kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wabo wobomi. I-TKR idla ngokuqwalaselwa xa unyango olulondolozayo, olunjengonyango lomzimba, amayeza, okanye iinaliti, luye lwasilela ukunika isiqabu esaneleyo.

Utyando lwe-TKR yinkqubo eqhelekileyo, kunye namakhulu amawaka enziwa ngonyaka. Isebenza ngokukodwa kubantu abadala abadala, kodwa inokunceda izigulane ezincinci ezinemiba enzima yamadolo. Isigqibo sokwenza i-TKR ngokwesiqhelo senziwe emva kovavanyo olucokisekileyo ngugqirha wamathambo, oya kuthi athathele ingqalelo ubomi obude bokufakelwa kwesigulana, umngcipheko wokunxitywa kunye nokukhululeka ekuhambeni kwexesha, kunye nokwenzeka kotyando oluhlaziyiweyo lwexesha elizayo.

Kutheni kwenziwa uTyando lokuTshintshwa kwedolo ngokupheleleyo (TKR)?

Utyando lwe-TKR lunconywa ngokuqhelekileyo kwizigulane ezifumana iintlungu zedolo eziphazamisayo eziphazamisa imisebenzi yazo yemihla ngemihla. Iimeko eziqhelekileyo ezikhokelela kwi-TKR ziquka:

• Osteoarthritis: Esi sifo esidibeneyo sisona sizathu sixhaphake kakhulu sokutshintshwa kwamadolo. Iyenzeka xa i-cartilage iguqa idolo edibeneyo igugile ngokuhamba kwexesha, ekhokelela kwiintlungu, ukuqina, kunye nokunciphisa ukuhamba.
• Irheumatoid arthritis: Imeko ye-autoimmune eyenza ukuvuvukala kumalungu, i-rheumatoid arthritis ingakhokelela kumonakalo omkhulu emadolweni, okubangela intlungu kunye nokukhubazeka.
• I-Arthritis yasemva kokwenzakala: Olu hlobo lwe-arthritis lunokuphuhliswa emva kokulimala kwedolo, njengokuphuka okanye ukukrazula kwe-ligament, okukhokelela kumonakalo odibeneyo kunye nobuhlungu obungapheliyo.
• I-Avascular Necrosis: Imeko apho ukunikezelwa kwegazi kwithambo kuphazamiseka, kubangela ukufa kwethambo. Nangona i-AVN yamadolo ayiqhelekanga kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iindawo ezidibeneyo, ngamanye amaxesha kunokufuna ukutshintshwa ngokubambisana, ngokukodwa kwizigaba eziphambili. Nangona kunjalo, i-AVN ngokuqhelekileyo ithathwa njengophawu olungaphantsi lwe-TKR.

Izigulane zinokufumana uluhlu lweempawu ezibangela ukuqwalaselwa kwe-TKR, kuquka:

• Iintlungu eziqhubekayo zamadolo ezingaphucukanga ngokuphumla okanye iyeza
• Ukuvuvukala kunye nokuvuvukala kwi-joint joint
• Ukuqina, ngakumbi emva kokuhlala ixesha elide
• Ubunzima bokuhamba, ukunyuka izitebhisi, okanye ukwenza imisebenzi yomzimba
• Ukuncipha okubonakalayo kuluhlu lokunyakaza emadolweni

Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-TKR iyacetyiswa xa unyango olulondolozayo, olufana nonyango lomzimba, amayeza achasene nokuvuvukala, okanye ii-injection ze-corticosteroid, azibonelelanga ngokwaneleyo. Isigqibo sokuqhubeka notyando senziwa ngokubambisana phakathi kwesigulane kunye nogqirha wabo wamathambo, ngokuqwalasela ubunzima beempawu kunye nefuthe kumgangatho wobomi besigulane.

Izalathiso zoTyando lokuTshintshwa kwedolo elipheleleyo (TKR).

Iimeko ezininzi zeklinikhi kunye neziphumo zokuxilonga zingabonisa ukuba isigulana singumviwa ofanelekileyo we-TKR Surgery. Ezi ziquka:

• Iintlungu eziMandundu: Izigulane ezineentlungu ezingapheliyo zamadolo ezinciphisa amandla abo okwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla, njengokuhamba, ukunyuka izitebhisi, okanye ukuthatha inxaxheba kwimisebenzi yokuzonwabisa, kunokuqwalaselwa kwi-TKR.
• Ubungqina beRadiographic: I-X-reyi okanye i-MRI scans inokutyhila umonakalo omkhulu wamalungu, kuquka i-bone spurs, ukulahleka kwe-cartilage, okanye ukukhubazeka kwamalungu. Ezi zifundo zokucinga zinceda oogqirha bamathambo ukuba bahlole ubungakanani bomonakalo kwaye banqume ukufaneleka kotyando.
• Imida yoMsebenzi: Ukuba imeko yedolo yesigulane iphazamisa kakhulu ukuhamba kwabo kunye nomgangatho wobomi, i-TKR ingabonakaliswa. Oku kuquka ubunzima kwimisebenzi esisiseko efana nokuma kwindawo ehleliyo okanye ukuhamba imigama emifutshane.
• Ukungaphumeleli koNyango oluQhelekileyo: Izigulane eziye zazama unyango olungenalo utyando, olufana nonyango lomzimba, ukulawula ubunzima, okanye amayeza, ngaphandle kokufikelela kwiziphumo ezanelisayo kunokuba ngabaviwa be-TKR.
• Ubudala kunye neNqanaba loMsebenzi: Nangona ubudala bodwa abuyiyo into yokumisela, izigulane ezincinci ezinemiba enzima yamadolo zingaqwalaselwa kwi-TKR ukuba iimpawu zabo zichaphazela kakhulu umgangatho wobomi. Oogqirha botyando baya kuvavanya kwakhona inqanaba lomsebenzi wesigulane kunye nempilo yonke ukuqinisekisa ukuba banokuzuza kwinkqubo.
• Ukukhubazeka okudityanisiweyo: Ukukhubazeka okubonakalayo emadolweni, njengokuguqa okanye ukuguqa ngamadolo, kunokubonisa imfuno ye-TKR. Ezi ziphene zihlala zibangelwa sisifo samathambo okanye ukwenzakala kwangaphambili.

Isishwankathelo, isigqibo sokwenza uTyando lweKnee Replacement (TKR) lusekelwe kwindibaniselwano yeempawu zeklinikhi, ukufunyaniswa kokuxilonga, kunye nempilo yonke yesigulane kunye nendlela yokuphila. Uphononongo olucokisekileyo ngugqirha wamathambo lubalulekile ukufumanisa eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokwenza umntu ngamnye.

Iindidi zoTyando lokuTshintshwa kwedolo elipheleleyo (TKR).

Ngelixa iTotal Knee Replacement (TKR) Utyando ngokubanzi lulandela inkqubo eqhelekileyo, kukho ukuhluka kobuchule kunye neendlela ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno ezithile zesigulane. Iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili ze-TKR zezi:

• Ukutshintshwa Kwedolo Lilonke (TKR): Le yindlela eqhelekileyo yokuhlinzwa okutshintshwa kwamadolo, apho zombini i-femoral (ithambo lethanga) kunye ne-tibial (i-shin bone) indawo edibeneyo yamadolo ithathelwa indawo. Ngokuqhelekileyo kuyacetyiswa xa umonakalo uchaphazela uninzi lwamadolo.
• Ukutshintshwa Kwedolo Eliyinxenye (PKR): Kwezinye iimeko, ukuba indawo enye kuphela yamadolo yonakalisiwe, ukutshintshwa kwedolo kungenziwa. Olu khetho oluncinci lubandakanya ukutshintshwa kuphela inxalenye echaphazelekayo yamadolo, ukugcina ithambo eliphilileyo kunye ne-cartilage kwamanye amacandelo. I-PKR inokukhokelela ekubuyiseleni ngokukhawuleza kunye neentlungu ezingaphantsi kokuhlinzwa, okwenza kube yinto ekhangayo kwizigulane ezithile.
• Ukutshintshwa kwedolo eliNceda ngeRobhothi: Obu buchule buphucukileyo busebenzisa itekhnoloji yerobhothi ukunceda oogqirha botyando ekwenzeni inkqubo ngokuchanekileyo. I-TKR encediswa yiRobhothi inokuphucula ukuchaneka kokufakwa kokufakelwa kunye nokulungelelaniswa, okunokukhokelela kwiziphumo eziphuculweyo kunye nokubuyisela ngokukhawuleza. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ubungqina bokuba ingaba i-TKR encediswa ngerobhothi ikhokelela kwiziphumo ezingcono kakhulu zexesha elide zisavela. Okwangoku, uncedo lwerobhothi lujongwa njengobuchwephesha obuxhasayo endaweni yokuba bubuchule obuphezulu behlabathi. Inzuzo yayo ephambili kukuphucula ukuchaneka kotyando, okunokuthi kube negalelo kukulungelelaniswa okungcono kokufakelwa kunye nokuchacha ngokukhawuleza.
• Ubuncinci bokuTshintsha idolo: Le ndlela ibandakanya iincinci ezincinci kunye nokuphazamiseka okuncinci kwizicubu ezijikelezayo xa kuthelekiswa ne-TKR yendabuko. Ubuchwephesha obungenabuncinci bunokubangela intlungu ephantsi kunye nexesha lokubuyisela ngokukhawuleza, nangona kungekhona zonke izigulane ezingabaviwa kulolu hlobo lotyando.

Uhlobo ngalunye lweTotal Knee Replacement (TKR) Utyando lunezibonakaliso zalo, iinzuzo, kunye nobungozi. Ukukhethwa kwenkqubo kuya kuxhomekeka kwimeko ethile yesigulane, ubungakanani bomonakalo wamadolo, kunye nobuchule bogqirha. Ingxoxo ecokisekileyo kunye nogqirha wamathambo kuya kunceda izigulane ziqonde eyona ndlela ingcono kwiimeko zabo.

Contraindications kwiTotal Knee Replacement (TKR) Utyando

Ngelixa utyando olupheleleyo lwe-Knee Replacement (TKR) lunokuphucula kakhulu umgangatho wobomi kwizigulane ezininzi ezineentlungu zedolo kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle, akufanelekanga kumntu wonke. Iimeko ezithile kunye nezinto ezinokuthi zenze isigulane singafaneleki kule nkqubo. Ukuqonda ezi contraindications kubalulekile kuzo zombini izigulana kunye nababoneleli ngezempilo.

• Usulelo olusebenzayo: Izigulane ezinosulelo olusebenzayo ngaphakathi okanye ngeenxa zonke zedolo zingabi ngabaviwa be-TKR. Usulelo lunokwenza utyando lube nzima kwaye lukhokelele kwiingxaki ezinzima, kuquka umngcipheko wokusasaza usulelo.
• Ukutyeba kakhulu: Ukutyeba ngokugqithiseleyo kunokubeka uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo kwidolo kwaye kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki ngexesha nasemva kotyando. Izigulane ezine-index mass body (BMI) ngaphezu kwe-40 zihlala zicetyiswa ukuba zinciphise umzimba ngaphambi kokuqwalasela i-TKR.
• Iimeko zonyango ezingalawulekiyo: Iimeko ezifana nesifo seswekile esingalawulekiyo, isifo sentliziyo, okanye isifo semiphunga zinokunyusa iingozi ezinxulumene notyando. Izigulane kufuneka zilawulwe ngokufanelekileyo le miqathango ngaphambi kokuba zingene kwi-TKR.
• Umgangatho Wamathambo Ombi: Izigulane ezine-osteoporosis okanye ezinye iimeko ezenza amathambo zibe buthathaka zingenakufaneleka kwi-TKR. Impumelelo yotyando ixhomekeke kwisakhono sethambo ukuxhasa ukufakelwa.
• IiNkqubo zeNkxaso ezingonelanga: Izigulane ezingenayo inkqubo yenkxaso ethembekileyo yokhathalelo lwasemva kotyando zinokucetyiswa ngokuchasene ne-TKR. Ukuchacha kaninzi kufuna uncedo kwimisebenzi yemihla ngemihla, kwaye indawo exhasayo iyimfuneko ekubuyiseleni okuyimpumelelo.
• Imiba yezengqondo: Izigulane ezinemiba enzima yempilo yengqondo okanye abo bangakwaziyo ukuqonda inkqubo kunye neempembelelo zayo zisenokungabi ngabaviwa abafanelekileyo. Ukulungela ngokwasengqondweni kubalulekile kwisiphumo esiyimpumelelo.
• Utyando lwangaphambili lwedolo: Kwezinye iimeko, utyando lwangaphambili emadolweni lunokuba nzima inkqubo ye-TKR. Oogqirha baya kuvavanya iimeko ezithile ukuze banqume ukuba i-TKR ifanelekile.
• Iingqwalasela zobudala: Ngelixa ubudala bodwa bungachasananga ngokungqongqo, abaguli abancinci kakhulu banokucetyiswa ngokuchasene ne-TKR ngenxa yesakhono sokunxitywa kokufakelwa kunye nesidingo sotyando lwexesha elizayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izigulana ezikhulile kakhulu zinokuba nemingcipheko ephezulu ehambelana ne-anesthesia kunye nokubuyisela.

Ngokuqonda ezi zichaso, izigulana zinokuba neengxoxo ezinolwazi kunye nababoneleli ngezempilo malunga nokuba i-TKR lukhetho olufanelekileyo kubo.

Indlela yokuLungiselela uTyando lokuTshintshwa kwedolo elipheleleyo (TKR).

Ukulungiselela utyando lwe-TKR kubandakanya amanyathelo abalulekileyo aliqela ukuqinisekisa esona siphumo silungileyo. Nasi isikhokelo sokukunceda ujonge inkqubo yokulungiselela.

• Uthethwano noGqirha wakho woTyando: Inyathelo lokuqala kukubonisana ngokucokisekileyo nogqirha wakho wamathambo. Xoxa ngembali yakho yezonyango, amayeza angoku, kunye nayo nayiphi na inkxalabo onokuba nayo. Eli kwakhona lixesha lokubuza imibuzo malunga nenkqubo, ukubuyisela, kunye neziphumo ezilindelekileyo.
• Uvavanyo lwangaphambili: Ugqirha wakho unokuyalela iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuvavanya impilo yakho yonke kunye nokulungela utyando. Iimvavanyo eziqhelekileyo ziquka iimvavanyo zegazi, ii-X-reyi, kwaye mhlawumbi neMRI. Ezi mvavanyo zinceda ukuchonga nayiphi na imiba esisiseko ekufuneka iqwalaselwe phambi kotyando.
• Uphononongo lwamayeza: Hlaziya onke amayeza kunye nomboneleli wakho wezempilo. Amanye amayeza, afana ne-blood thinner, anokufuna ukulungiswa okanye ukunqunyulwa okwethutyana ngaphambi kotyando ukunciphisa ingozi yokopha.
• Ukuguqula indlela yokuphila: Ukuba ukhuluphele, ugqirha wakho unokuncoma inkqubo yokulahlekelwa kwesisindo sokunciphisa uxinzelelo emadolweni kunye nokuphucula iziphumo zotyando. Ukongezelela, ukuyeka ukutshaya kunokuphucula ukuphilisa kunye nokunciphisa iingxaki.
• Ulungiso lwenyama: Ukubandakanyeka kunyango lwangaphambi kokusebenza komzimba kunokuncedisa ukuqinisa imisipha ejikeleze idolo kunye nokuphucula ukuguquguquka. Oku kunokukhokelela kwiziphumo ezingcono emva kotyando.
• Ukulungiselela Ekhaya: Lungiselela ikhaya lakho ukuze uchache. Oku kunokuquka ukwenza amalungiselelo ngendawo etofotofo yokuchacha, ukususa iingozi zokukhubeka, nokuqinisekisa ukuba izinto ezibalulekileyo zifikeleleka lula. Cinga ukuba kukho umntu okhoyo wokukunceda ngexesha lokuqala lokuchacha.
• Isicwangciso sokhathalelo lwasemva kotyando: Xoxa ngesicwangciso sakho sokhathalelo emva kokuhlinzwa kunye nogqirha wakho wotyando. Oku kubandakanya ukulawulwa kweentlungu, unyango lomzimba, kunye nokuqeshwa okulandelwayo. Ukuba nesicwangciso esicacileyo endaweni kunokunciphisa unxunguphalo kwaye kuqinisekise ukuchacha kakuhle.
• Ukuqwalaselwa kokutya: Ukutya ukutya okunesondlo okunevithamini kunye neeminerali kunokuxhasa ukuphilisa. Umboneleli wakho wezempilo unokucebisa utshintsho oluthile lokutya olukhokelela kuqhaqho.
• Ukulungiselela Ingqondo: Ukulungela kwengqondo kubaluleke ngokufanayo namalungiselelo omzimba. Cinga ngeendlela zokuphumla, ezifana nokuphefumla okunzulu okanye ukucamngca, ukunceda ukulawula nayiphi na inkxalabo malunga nokuhlinzwa.

Ngokulandela la manyathelo okulungiselela, unokuphucula ukulungela kwakho iTotal Knee Replacement utyando kwaye usete inqanaba lokubuyisela ngempumelelo.

UTyando lulonke loTshintsho lwedolo (TKR): Inkqubo yeNyathelo ngeNyathelo

Ukuqonda iTotal Knee Replacement (TKR) inkqubo yotyando inokunceda ukunciphisa ixhala kwaye ikulungiselele into onokuyilindela. Nantsi isishwankathelo senyathelo ngenyathelo lenkqubo.

• UVavanyo lwangaphambili: Ngomhla wotyando, uya kufika esibhedlele okanye kwiziko lotyando. Umongikazi uya kujonga iimpawu zakho ezibalulekileyo kwaye ajonge imbali yakho yonyango. Uya kudibana ne-anesthesiologist yakho ukuxoxa ngokhetho lokuthomalalisa iintlungu.
• Ulawulo lokuthomalalisa: I-TKR ngokuqhelekileyo yenziwa phantsi kwe-anesthesia jikelele okanye i-anesthesia yomgogodla. I-anesthesia jikelele ikwenza ulale, ngelixa i-anesthesia yomgogodla inciphisa isiqingatha esisezantsi somzimba wakho. Ukhetho luya kuxhomekeka kwimpilo yakho kunye nengcebiso yogqirha.
• Ukulungiselela utyando: Nje ukuba uthotywe i-anesthetized, iqela lotyando liya kulungisa indawo yotyando ngokucoca kunye nokubulala iintsholongwane kwindawo ejikeleze idolo lakho. Oku kunceda ukuthintela usulelo.
• Ukusika: Ugqirha wotyando uya kwenza i-incision phambi kwedolo lakho, ngokuqhelekileyo malunga ne-6 ukuya kwi-intshi ye-10 ubude. Oku kuvumela ukufikelela kwi-joint joint.
• Ukususwa Kwezicubu Zonakeleyo: Ugqirha uya kususa ngokucophelela i-cartilage eyonakalisiweyo kunye nethambo kwi-joint joint. Eli nyathelo libalulekile ekudaleni isiseko esizinzileyo sejoyinti eyenziweyo.
• Ukubekwa koFakelo: Emva kokuba izicubu ezonakalisiweyo zisuswe, ugqirha uya kubeka isinyithi kunye neeplastiki zecandelo lokufakelwa kwamadolo. Ezi zixhobo zenzelwe ukulinganisa ukuhamba kwendalo kwamadolo.
• Uvavanyo lweNdibanisela: Ugqirha wotyando uya kuvavanya ikhonkco elitsha ukuqinisekisa ukulungelelaniswa okufanelekileyo kunye nokunyakaza. Ulungelelwaniso lunokwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo.
• Ukuvala i-Incision: Emva kokuba ukufakelwa kukhuselekile endaweni, ugqirha uya kuvala i-incision usebenzisa i-sutures okanye i-staples. Kuza kufakwa isambatho esingenazintsholongwane ukukhusela indawo yotyando.
• Igumbi lokubuyisela: Emva kokuhlinzwa, uya kuthathwa kwigumbi lokubuyisela apho abasebenzi bezonyango baya kubeka iliso kwiimpawu zakho ezibalulekileyo njengoko uvuka kwi-anesthesia. Ulawulo lweentlungu luya kuqala, kwaye unokufumana amayeza okunceda ukulawula ukungonwabi.
• Ukhathalelo lwasemva kotyando: Wakuba uzinzile, uya kuhanjiswa kwigumbi lakho lasesibhedlele. Unyango lomzimba luya kuqala ngaphakathi kosuku okanye ezimbini emva kokuhlinzwa ukukunceda ukuba uphinde uhambe kunye namandla. Uya kukhuthazwa ukuba uqale ukuhambisa idolo kunye nokuhamba ngoncedo.
• Isicwangciso sokukhupha: Iqela lakho lokhathalelo lwempilo liya kubonelela ngemiyalelo yokhathalelo ekhaya, kubandakanywa nolawulo lweentlungu, imithambo yonyango lomzimba, kunye nokuqeshwa kokulandelela. Uninzi lwezigulane zikhutshwa kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emva kotyando.
• Ukulandela Ukukhathalelwa: Ukuqeshwa okulandelwa rhoqo kuya kucwangciswa ukujonga ukuchacha kwakho kwaye kuqinisekiswe ukuba ukufakelwa kwayo kusebenza ngokuchanekileyo. Umboneleli wakho wezempilo uya kukukhokela ekuqaliseni kwakhona imisebenzi yesiqhelo.

Ngokuqonda inkqubo yesinyathelo-nge-nyathelo yeTotal Knee Replacement utyando, izigulana zinokuziva zilungiselelwe ngakumbi kwaye zinolwazi malunga nohambo lwazo lotyando.

Imingcipheko kunye neeNgxaki zoTyando lokuTshintshwa kwedolo elipheleleyo (TKR).

Njengayo nayiphi na inkqubo yotyando, utyando lweTotal Knee Replacement (TKR) luthwala imingcipheko ethile kunye neengxaki ezinokubakho. Ngelixa izigulane ezininzi zifumana ukukhululeka okukhulu kwiintlungu kunye nokuhamba okuphuculweyo, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele zombini iingozi eziqhelekileyo kunye nezinqabileyo ezinxulumene notyando.

• Imingcipheko eqhelekileyo:
  • Usulelo: Omnye weyona mingcipheko ibalulekileyo lusulelo kwindawo yotyando. Nangona kunqabile, ukusuleleka kunokuthi kwenzeke kwaye kunokufuna unyango olongezelelweyo, kuquka i-antibiotics okanye utyando olongezelelweyo.
  • Amahlwili egazi: Izigulane zisengozini yokuphuhlisa amahlwili egazi emilenzeni (deep vein thrombosis) emva kotyando. Amanyathelo othintelo, afana ne-blood thinners kunye nokuhlanganiswa kwangethuba, ngokuqhelekileyo aphunyezwa ukunciphisa lo mngcipheko.
  • Iintlungu kunye nokuDumba: Iintlungu ze-postoperative kunye nokuvuvukala ziqhelekile kwaye zinokuhluka ngamandla. Izicwangciso zokulawula iintlungu ziya kuxoxwa kunye neqela lakho lezempilo.
  • Ukuqina: Ezinye izigulane zinokufumana ubunzima emadolweni emva kokuhlinzwa, oku kunokuchaphazela ukuhamba. Unyango lomzimba lubalulekile ekujonganeni nalo mba.
• Imingcipheko eNcinci:
  • Ukonakala Kwemithambo-luvo okanye Kwegazi: Nangona kunqabile, kunokwenzeka ukuba kubekho umonakalo kwimithambo-luvo okanye imithambo yegazi ekufutshane ngexesha lotyando, nto leyo enokukhokelela ekubeni ndindisholo okanye imiba yokujikeleza.
  • Ukusilela koFakelo: Kwezinye iimeko, ukudibanisa okwenziweyo akunakusebenza njengoko kuhloswe, okukhokelela kwintlungu okanye ukungazinzi. Oku kunokufuna utyando ngokutsha.
  • Iintlungu eziZingisayo: Ngelixa izigulane ezininzi zifumana ukukhululeka kwiintlungu, ezinye zisenokuqhubeka zingonwabanga emva kotyando, nto leyo enokuphazamisa.
• Iingxaki ezinqabileyo:
  • Iintshukumo Zokwalana Nezinto: Ezinye izigulana zinokuba neempembelelo zokwaliwa kwizinto ezisetyenzisiweyo kwi-implant, nangona oku kungaqhelekanga.
  • Amaqhekeza: Kukho umngcipheko wokuqhekeka okujikeleze ukufakelwa, ngakumbi kwizigulana ezinomgangatho ophantsi wamathambo.
  • Ukususwa: Nangona kunqabile, idolo elihlangeneyo liyakwazi ukuchithwa emva kokuhlinzwa, ngakumbi ukuba izilumkiso ezifanelekileyo azithathwanga ngexesha lokubuyisela.
• Iingqwalasela zexesha elide:
  • Nxibela ukuyikrazula: Ngokuhamba kwexesha, ijoyinti eyenziweyo inokuguga, ngakumbi kwabancinci, abaguli abasebenzayo. Oku kusenokufuna utyando ngokutsha kwixesha elizayo.
  • Uluhlu olulinganiselweyo lweSindululo: Ezinye izigulana azikwazi ukuphinda ziphinde zihambe kakuhle emva kokuhlinzwa, ezinokuchaphazela imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla.

Ngelixa imingcipheko eyayanyaniswa notyando lweTotal Knee Replacement ibalulekile ukuba iqwalaselwe, kubalulekile ukuba uxoxe ngayo nomboneleli wakho wezempilo. Banokukunika ulwazi olulolwakho olusekwe kwisimo sakho sempilo kwaye bakuncede ulinganise izibonelelo ngokuchasene nobungozi obunokwenzeka. Ngolungiselelo olufanelekileyo kunye nokunyamekela, izigulane ezininzi zifumanisa ukuba izibonelelo ze-TKR zigqithise kakhulu iingozi, ezikhokelela kubomi obusebenzayo kunye nobungenabuhlungu.

Ukubuyiswa emva koTyando lokuTshintshwa kwedolo elipheleleyo (TKR).

Inkqubo yokubuyisela emva kweTotal Knee Replacement (TKR) Utyando lubalulekile ekubuyiseleni ukuhamba kunye nokubuyela kwimisebenzi yemihla ngemihla. Ukuqonda ixesha elilindelekileyo lokubuyisela kunye neengcebiso zokunyamekela emva koko kunokuphucula kakhulu amava akho okuphilisa.

Ixesha elilindelekileyo lokuBuyisa kwakhona

• IsiGaba esiKhawulezayo sasemva kokuSebenza (Iintsuku 1-3): Emva kotyando, uya kuchitha iintsuku ezimbalwa esibhedlele phantsi kweliso elibukhali njengoko uqala uhambo lwakho lokubuyisela. Ukulawulwa kweentlungu kuya kuba yinto ephambili, kwaye unyango lomzimba luya kuqala ngokukhawuleza, ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwiiyure ze-24. Unokukhuthazwa ukuba uqale ukuhambisa idolo lakho kwaye uqale ukuhamba ngoncedo.
• Isigaba sokuBuyisa kwangethuba (Iiveki 1-4): Ngenyanga yokuqala, uya kwandisa ngokuthe ngcembe inqanaba lomsebenzi wakho. Uninzi lwabaguli banokubuyela ekhaya phakathi kweentsuku ezimbalwa emva kotyando. Mhlawumbi uya kusebenzisa iintonga okanye intonga yokuhamba ekuqaleni. Iiseshoni zonyango lomzimba ziya kubaluleka, zijolise ekubuyiseleni kwakhona uluhlu lwentshukumo kunye namandla.
• Isigaba esiPhakathi sokuBuyisa (Iiveki 4-8): Ekupheleni kwenyanga yesibini, izigulane ezininzi zinokuhamba ngaphandle koncedo kwaye ziphinde ziqale imisebenzi elula yemihla ngemihla. Usenokufumana ukudumba kunye nokungakhululeki, kodwa oku kufuneka kunciphe kancinci. Unyango oluqhubekayo lomzimba luya kunceda ukuphucula umsebenzi wakho wamadolo.
• Isigaba sokuBuyisa kade (Iinyanga 3-6): Uninzi lwezigulana zinokubuyela kwimisebenzi eqhelekileyo, kubandakanya ukuqhuba kunye nokuzilolonga okulula, kwiinyanga ezintathu ukuya kwezintandathu. Ukubuyiselwa ngokupheleleyo kunokuthatha unyaka, kodwa abaninzi babika ukuphuculwa okuphawulekayo kwintlungu kunye nokuhamba kakuhle ngaphambi kweli xesha.

Iingcebiso zasemva kononophelo

• Landela iMiyalelo kaGqirha Wakho: Bambelela kumayeza amiselweyo kunye nerejimeni yonyango lomzimba.
• Lawula iintlungu kunye nokudumba: Sebenzisa iipakethi ze-ice kwaye uphakamise umlenze wakho ukunciphisa ukudumba. Izithomalalisi zeentlungu ezingaphaya kwekhawuntara zinokucetyiswa.
• Hlala usebenza: Ziqhelanise nemithambo ethambileyo njengoko ucetyiswa ngugqirha wakho womzimba ukomeleza idolo lakho.
• Beka iliso kwinkqubela phambili yakho: Gcina umkhondo wamanqanaba akho entlungu kunye nokuphuculwa kokuhamba, kwaye uthethe nayiphi na inkxalabo kunye nomboneleli wakho wezempilo.

Xa Imisebenzi Yesiqhelo Inokuqalisa kwakhona?

Uninzi lwezigulane zinokubuyela kwimisebenzi yokukhanya, njengokuhamba kunye nokuqhuba, kwiiveki ezi-4-6. Imisebenzi enzima ngakumbi, njengokubaleka okanye ukutsiba, inokuthatha ixesha elide kwaye kufuneka ixoxwe nogqirha wakho. Hlala uphulaphule umzimba wakho kwaye uphephe ukutyhala ngeentlungu.

Izibonelelo zoTyando lokuTshintshwa kwedolo elipheleleyo (TKR).

ITotal Knee Replacement (TKR) Utyando lubonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi ezinokuphucula kakhulu umgangatho wobomi bakho. Nalu uphuculo oluphambili lwezempilo kunye neziphumo ezinxulumene nenkqubo:

• Uncedo Lwezinhlungu: Enye yeenzuzo ezikhawulezayo ze-TKR kukunciphisa okanye ukupheliswa kweentlungu ezingapheliyo zedolo ezibangelwa iimeko ezifana ne-osteoarthritis okanye i-rheumatoid arthritis. Izigulana ezininzi zixela ukukhululeka okukhulu kweentlungu emva kokuhlinzwa.
• Ukuhamba okuPhuculweyo: I-TKR inokubuyisela ukuhamba, ivumela izigulane ukuba zihlanganyele kwimisebenzi yemihla ngemihla ngokukhululeka okukhulu. Oku kubandakanya ukuhamba, ukunyuka izitebhisi, kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba kwimisebenzi yokuzonwabisa.
• Umgangatho woBomi owongeziweyo: Ngeentlungu ezincitshisiweyo kunye nokuhamba okuphuculweyo, izigulane zihlala zifumana umgangatho wobomi obungcono. Oku kunokukhokelela ekwandeni konxibelelwano lwentlalo kunye nendlela yokuphila esebenzayo.
• Iziphumo ezihlala zihleli: I-TKR yenzelwe ukuhlala iminyaka emininzi, kunye nokufakelwa kwezinto ezininzi ezisebenza kakuhle iminyaka eyi-15 okanye ngaphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, obu bomi bude buxhomekeke kumanqanaba omsebenzi, uhlobo lokufakelwa, kunye nempilo yesigulana inefuthe lokuphila.
• Okuzuzwayo ngokwasengqondweni: Ukukhululeka kwiintlungu kunye nokukwazi ukuhamba ngokukhululekileyo kunokuba nemiphumo emihle yengqondo, ukunciphisa iimvakalelo zokudakumba kunye nokuxhalaba okuhambelana neentlungu ezingapheliyo.

Ithini iNdleko yoTyando lokuTshintshwa kwedolo elipheleleyo (TKR) eIndiya?

Iindleko zoTyando oluBuyelo lwedolo (TKR) eIndiya luqhele ukuqala ukusuka kwi-2.5 lakh ukuya kwi-5 lakh. Izinto ezininzi zinokuchaphazela ixabiso lilonke:

• UKhetho lwesibhedlele: Isidima kunye nezibonelelo zesibhedlele zinokuchaphazela kakhulu amaxabiso. Izibhedlele ezikumgangatho ophezulu zinokubiza imali eninzi kodwa zihlala zibonelela ngokhathalelo olungcono.
• Indawo: Iindleko zinokwahluka ngokwesixeko, kunye neendawo zemetropolitan zibiza kakhulu kuneedolophu ezincinci.
• Uhlobo lwegumbi: Uhlobo lwendawo yokuhlala oyikhethayo ngexesha lokuhlala kwakho esibhedlele (igumbi labucala vs. ekwabelwana ngalo) linokuchaphazela ixabiso elipheleleyo.
• Iingxaki: Naziphi na iingxaki ezingalindelekanga ngexesha okanye emva kotyando zinokukhokelela kwiindleko ezongezelelweyo.

Izinto eziluncedo kwizibhedlele ze-Apollo: Izibhedlele ze-Apollo zaziwa ngobuchwephesha bezonyango obuphambili, oogqirha botyando abanamava, kunye nokhathalelo olubanzi. Izigulana zinokulindela unyango olukumgangatho ophezulu kumaxabiso akhuphisanayo xa kuthelekiswa namazwe aseNtshona, apho iindleko ze-TKR zinokudlula i- ₹ 5,00,000.

Ukufumana amaxabiso achanekileyo kunye nokhetho lokhathalelo lomntu, qhagamshelana nezibhedlele zeApollo namhlanje. Iqela lethu lizinikele ekunikeni izisombululo zezempilo ezifikelelekayo nezifikelelekayo.

Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo malunga neTotal Knee Replacement (TKR) Utyando