Te whakahekenga i waenga i te ira

Ngā Whakahokinga o te Iwi i waenganui i te Costal: Te Mārama ki ngā Take, ngā Tohu, me te Maimoatanga

Ko ngā whakahokinga o te ihu i waenganui i ngā rara e pā ana ki te nekehanga o te kiri ki roto i waenganui i ngā rara i te wā e manawa ana. He tohu tēnei āhuatanga o te uaua ki te manawa, e tohu ana kei te uaua te tinana ki te whiwhi i te nui o te hāora. He maha ngā wā ka kitea ngā whakahokinga o te ihu i waenganui i ngā rara i roto i ngā tamariki, engari ka taea hoki te puta i roto i ngā pakeke, inā koa he mate manawa, he mate pukahukahu rānei kei raro. I roto i tēnei tuhinga, ka tūhuratia e mātou ngā take o ngā whakahokinga o te ihu i waenganui i ngā rara, ngā tohu e pā ana, te wā me rapu awhina hauora, te tautuhi mate, me ngā kōwhiringa maimoatanga e wātea ana.

He aha ngā whakahekenga o te uaua i waenganui i te costal?

Ka puta ngā whakamuri i waenganui i ngā rara ina kumea te kiri i waenganui i ngā rara ki roto i te manawa, ka hangaia he kōhao e kitea ana. Ka puta tēnei nā te mea kei te kaha ake te mahi a ngā uaua i waenganui i ngā rara (ngā uaua i waenganui i ngā rara) ki te āwhina i te whakawhanui i te uma me te tuku i te hau ki roto i ngā pukahukahu. He tohu pinepine ngā whakamuri i te uaua o te manawa, ina hiahia te tinana ki te whakapau kaha ki te manawa. Ka kitea whānuitia i roto i ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te mate huango, te niumōnia, ngā mate pāwera kino rānei, me ētahi atu.

Ngā Take o te Whakahokinga o te Hononga Iwi

Ko ngā whakahokinga o te ihu i waenganui i ngā kōiwi he tohu noa iho o te uaua o te manawa e puta mai ana i ngā āhuatanga maha. Ko ngā take noa ko:

• huangō: Ka puta te mumura me te whaiti o ngā ara manawa i te huango, ka uaua ai te manawa me te hoki whakamuri i waenganui i ngā ihu i te mea e ngana ana te tinana ki te whakakapi i te hekenga o te rere o te hau.
• Pneumonia: Ko ngā mate pēnei i te niumōnia, e mumura ai ngā pukahukahu, ka uaua ai te manawa, ka hoki whakamuri hoki te manawa i te mea e ngana ana te tinana ki te whakawhānui katoa i ngā pukahukahu.
• Nga mate manawa: Ka pupuhi pea ngā ara manawa i ngā mate pukupuku pērā i te bronchiolitis, te makariri rānei, ka ārai i te rere o te hau, ka hoki whakamuri hoki te ihu i waenganui i ngā hope.
• Tauhohenga mate mate: Ka pupuhi pea ngā ara manawa i ngā mate pāwera kino, pērā i te anaphylaxis, ka hua ake he uaua ki te manawa me te hoki whakamuri.
• Te mate Puka Obstructive Pulmonary (COPD): Ka uaua pea te manawa i te COPD me ētahi atu mate pūkahukahu mau tonu, ka nui ake te mahi a te tinana ki te kukume i te hau ki roto i ngā pūkahukahu, ka mutu ka hoki whakamuri te manawa.
• Te Manawa o te Taonga Tauiwi: Ki te manawahia he mea tauhou ka noho ki roto i ngā ara manawa, ka aukati i te rere o te hau, ka uaua hoki te manawa, he maha ngā wā ka hoki whakamuri te ihu i waenga i ngā hope.
• Ngā raruraru manawa whānau: Ka whānau mai ētahi pēpi me ngā tamariki me ngā mate manawa, ngā āhuatanga rerekē rānei o te hanganga e uaua ai te manawa, ka arahi atu ki te hoki whakamuri o te ihu i waenganui i ngā ihu.

Ngā Tohu e Pā Ana ki te Whakahokinga Intercostal

He maha ngā wā ka puta ngā hoki whakamuri i waenganui i ngā hope me ētahi atu tohu o te uaua o te manawa. Kei roto i ēnei:

• Te Manawa Tere: Te pikinga ake o te tere o te manawa (tachypnea) i te mea e ngana ana te tinana ki te whakaea te uauatanga o te manawa.
• Te Manawa Mahi: Tērā pea ka kite koe kei te kitea te ngana a te tangata ki te manawa, me te whakamahi i ngā uaua āwhina pēnei i ngā uaua o te kaki me te pakihiwi hei āwhina i te manawa.
• Wihi: Ko te wheezing he oro whiowhio teitei e puta ana i te wā e tukuna ana te manawa, he tohu maha kei te kuiti ngā ara manawa.
• Cyanosis: He tae kikorangi ki ngā ngutu, ki te mata, ki ngā peka rānei, e tohu ana i te iti o te taumata hāora i roto i te toto.
• Te mamae o te uma: Tērā pea ka haere tahi te mamae, te kore whakamarie rānei i te uma me ngā uauatanga ki te manawa, inā koa i ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te niumōnia, te hinga rānei o te pukahukahu.
• Te uaua: Ka taea e te uaua o te manawa te arahi ki te tino ngenge, i te mea ka whakapau kaha te tinana ki te ngana ki te manawa.

Ko te wa e rapu ai i nga mahi hauora

He tohu te hoki whakamuri o te ihu i waenganui i ngā kōpū o te hope, ā, me tino aro atu ki tēnā. He mea nui kia rapu awhina hauora mēnā ka pāngia koe, tētahi atu rānei e tiaki ana koe e ēnei āhuatanga:

• Ngā whakahokinga tonu, ngā whakahokinga kino rānei: Mena kāore ngā whakahokinga o te uaua i waenganui i te ihu e pai ake, e kino haere rānei, he tohu pea tēnei mō tētahi mate kino e hiahia ana kia rapua te awhina hauora tonu.
• Ngā tohu o te iti o te hāora: Ko te cyanosis (he kikorangi te kiri, ngā ngutu, ngā maikuku rānei) he tohu nui kei te tino iti te taumata o te hāora, ā, me tere tonu te awhina hauora.
• Te uaua ki te manawa: Ki te uaua haere te manawa, ahakoa ngā ngana ki te marino, ki te noho tika rānei, me wawao te hauora.
• Te mamae o te uma, te kikī rānei: Mena ka puta te mamae o te uma me te uaua ki te manawa, tera pea he tohu mō tētahi mate kino ake pērā i te mate manawa, te hinga o te pukahukahu, te embolism pūkahukahu rānei, e hiahia ana kia aro wawe atu ki te taote.
• Te pōhēhē, te hiamoe rānei: Ki te pōhēhē te tangata, ka hiamoe, ka ngaro rānei tōna māramatanga, he tohu pea ēnei nō te korenga nui o te hāora, ā, me rapu wawe te awhina hauora.

Te Tātaritanga o ngā Whakahokinga o te Hononga Iwi

Ka tīmata te tātaritanga o ngā whakamuri o te ihu i waenga i ngā kōiwi mā te tirotiro tinana hōhonu e te kaiwhakarato hauora. Ka tirohia e te tākuta te āhua o te manawa, ā, ka tirohia mēnā he tohu kitea o te mamae, tae atu ki ngā whakamuri. Ko ngā tikanga tātaritanga pea ko:

• Te arotake i nga hitori o te rongoa: Ka pātai te kaiwhakarato hauora mō ngā tohumate o te tūroro, tōna hītori hauora, me te pānga pea ki ngā mate manawa, ki ngā mate pāwera rānei.
• Te whakamātautau tinana: Ka arotakehia e te tākuta te uma mō ngā tauira manawa rerekē, ka whakarongo ki te wheezing me ētahi atu oro rerekē mā te whakamahi i te stethoscope, ā, ka tirohia hoki mō ngā tohu o te korenga o te hāora pērā i te cyanosis.
• Pulse Oximetry: Ka inehia e tēnei whakamātautau kore-whakaekenga ngā taumata hāora i roto i te toto. Tērā pea he tohu te iti o ngā taumata e hiahiatia ana he hāora tāpiri, he maimoatanga rānei.
• X-hihi o te uma: Ka taea e te hihi-X o te uma te āwhina ki te tautuhi i te niumōnia, te hinganga o te pukahukahu, ētahi atu raruraru rānei e pā ana ki te pukahukahu e raru ai te manawa me te hoki whakamuri o te manawa.
• Nga whakamatautau toto: Ka taea te whakahaere i ngā whakamātautau toto, tae atu ki ngā hau toto uaua (ABG), hei ine i ngā taumata hāora me te hauhā waro i roto i te toto hei aromatawai i te mahi manawa.
• CT Matawai, MRI ranei: Mena e hiahiatia ana he whakaahua taipitopito ake hei aromatawai i te kiko o te pukahukahu, hei tirotiro rānei mō ngā aukati, ka taea te whakamahi i te matawai CT, te MRI rānei.

Ngā Kōwhiringa Maimoatanga mō ngā Whakahokinga o te Hononga Iwi

Ko te maimoatanga mō ngā whakahokinga o te hononga i waenganui i te kōpū ka whakawhirinaki ki te take matua. Ko ētahi o ngā maimoatanga noa ko:

• Hauora Hauora: Mena he iti te taumata o te hāora, ka taea te whakarato i te hāora tāpiri hei āwhina i te tangata kia ngāwari ake te manawa me te whakapai ake i te mākū o te hāora i roto i te toto.
• Nga Inhalers, Nebulizers ranei: Mō ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te huango, te mate pūkahukahu aukati mau tonu rānei (COPD), ka tohua pea ngā rongoā bronchodilator, ngā corticosteroids rānei hei whakatuwhera i ngā ara manawa me te whakaiti i te mumura.
• paturopi: Mena he mate kitakita pēnei i te niumōnia te take matua, ka tohua pea he paturopi hei rongoā i te mate me te whakamamae i ngā tohu.
• Antihistamines: Mēnā ka puta te hoki whakamuri i waenganui i ngā ihu me ngā hope i te mate pāwera, ka taea te whakamahi i ngā rongoā antihistamine, i te epinephrine rānei (mēnā he nui ngā mate pāwera) hei whakaiti i te mumura i roto i ngā ara manawa.
• Awhiowhio Taonga Auma: Kei roto pea i tēnei ko ngā tikanga pēnei i te whakaheke toto i te tū a te tinana, te whakaora wiri rānei hei āwhina i te tango i te hūpē mai i ngā pukahukahu, hei whakapai ake i te manawa me te whakaiti i te kaha e hiahiatia ana ki te manawa.
• Whakahau Miihini: I ngā wā tino kino o te uaua o te manawa, e hiahiatia ana pea te whakangawari manawa hei tautoko i te manawa me te whakarite kia rawaka te hāora.
• Ngā Maimoatanga Ohotata: Mena nā tētahi āhuatanga morearea pēnei i te urunga mai o tētahi mea tauhou ki te ara manawa, i te embolism rānei o te pūkahukahu te take o ngā hoki whakamuri o te manawa, me tere tonu te maimoatanga ohorere hei whakatika i te aukati, te aukati rānei.

Ngā Pakiwaitara me ngā Mea Pono mō ngā Whakahokinga o te Hononga Iwi

He maha ngā kōrero pakiwaitara e pā ana ki ngā whakahokinga mai o te uaua intercostal me whakamārama:

• Panui: Ko ngā whakakorikori intercostal ka puta i ngā tamariki anake.
• Maama: Ahakoa e kitea whānuitia ana ngā whakahokinga o te ihu i waenga i ngā ihu o ngā tamariki, ka taea hoki te puta i roto i ngā pakeke he mate manawa pēnei i te huango, te niumōnia, te COPD rānei.
• Panui: Ko ngā whakahokinga mai o te uaua intercostal he tohu tonu tēnei mō tētahi mate kino, e morearea ana ki te ora.
• Maama: Ahakoa he tohu pea ngā hoki whakamuri o te ihu i waenganui i ngā kōiwi o te uaua manawa, kāore pea i te tohu i te mate mōrearea i ngā wā katoa. Ko te tino take te mea e whakatau ana i te kaha o te mate.

Ngā raruraru o te whakahokinga o te uaua i waenganui i te costal

Ki te kore e rongoatia, ka taea e te whakahekenga o te hononga intercostal te arahi ki etahi raruraru, tae atu ki:

• Hypoxia: Mā te uaua ki te manawa mō te wā roa ka iti te taumata hāora i roto i te toto (hypoxia), ka kino pea ngā whekau me ngā kiko nui.
• Rahunga Manawa: I ngā kēhi kino rawa atu, ka pāngia pea te tinana e te ngoikore o te manawa, ā, kāore e taea e ngā pukahukahu te whakarato hāora ki te tinana, me te hiahia kia puta he manawa ā-ringa.
• Te Whakanuia o te Mahi Manawa: Ki te kore te mate taketake e rongoāhia, ka haere tonu te tinana ki te whakapau kaha nui ki te manawa, ka arahi atu ki te ngenge me te ngenge rawa o te uaua.

Ngā Pātai Auau mō ngā Whakahokinga o te Pona Intercostal

1. He aha ngā whakahurihanga o te uaua i waenganui i te hope?

Ko ngā hoki whakamuri i waenganui i ngā ihu o te waewae he nekehanga ki roto o te kiri i waenganui i ngā rara e puta ana i te wā e manawa ana, he tohu pinepine tēnei i te uaua ki te whiwhi i te nui o te hāora. He tohu ēnei mō te uaua o te manawa, ā, ka puta mai i ngā momo āhuatanga manawa.

2. He aha ngā take o te hoki whakamuri o te uaua i waenganui i te kōpū?

Ko ngā whakahurihuri i waenganui i ngā ihu o te waewae ka puta mai i ngā āhuatanga e whakararu ana i te manawa, pērā i te mate huango, te niumōnia, ngā mate pāwera, me ētahi atu mate manawa. Ka puta ēnei ina kaha ake te mahi a te tinana ki te whakawhanui i te uma me te manawa i te hāora.

3. He kino rawa ngā whakahokinga o te uaua i waenganui i te kōiwi?

Ka kino pea ngā whakahokinga o te ihu i waenga i ngā kōiwi mēnā he tohu tēnei mō te uaua o te manawa, he iti rawa rānei ngā taumata hāora. He mea nui kia rapu awhina hauora mēnā ka mau tonu, ka kino rānei ngā whakahokinga.

4. Me pēhea te tātaritanga o ngā whakahokinga o te uaua i waenganui i te kōiwi?

Ko te tātaritanga he whakamātautau tinana, he arotake hītori hauora, me ngā whakamātautau pēnei i te hihi-X o te uma, te oximetry pulse, te whakamātautau toto rānei hei whakatau i te pūtake o ngā whakahokinga o te uaua.

5. He aha ngā kōwhiringa maimoatanga e wātea ana mō ngā whakahokinga o te uaua i waenganui i te ihu?

Ka rerekē te maimoatanga i runga i te pūtake o te mate. Tērā pea kei roto ko te whakaora hāora, ngā rongoā (pēnei i ngā rongoā whakawhanui i te manawa, i ngā rongoā paturopi rānei), te whakaora tinana o te uma, ngā maimoatanga ohorere rānei i ngā wā tino kino.

Opaniraa

Ko ngā whakahokinga o te ihu i waenganui i ngā kōiwi he tohu kitea o te uaua o te manawa e hiahia ana kia arohia wawetia. Ka taea te puta mai i ngā āhuatanga maha, ā, ko te maimoatanga tika e whakawhirinaki ana ki te take matua. Mēnā ka pāngia koe, tētahi atu rānei e tiaki ana koe e ngā whakahokinga o te ihu i waenganui i ngā kōiwi, he mea nui kia rapu tohutohu hauora mō te tātaritanga me te maimoatanga kia pai ai te putanga.