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Venous disorders are conditions where the veins cannot properly carry blood back to the heart. This causes blood to collect in the veins, leading to symptoms like swelling, pain, heaviness, and visible veins. Venous disorders affect millions of people and are often underdiagnosed and undertreated.
At the Apollo Centre for Venous Disorders, we provide comprehensive diagnosis and minimally invasive treatment for the full spectrum of venous conditions. From varicose veins and spider veins to deep vein thrombosis (DVT), chronic venous insufficiency, venous ulcers, and complex conditions like May-Thurner Syndrome, every person who walks through our doors undergoes detailed evaluation using advanced venous duplex ultrasound imaging, allowing our specialists to accurately map vein function, identify the root cause of symptoms, and create a personalized treatment plan.
- Visible bulging or twisted veins
- Spider veins or thread veins
- Aching, heavy, or tired legs
- Leg swelling, especially by evening
- Burning, itching, or cramps in the legs
- Restless legs at night
- Skin darkening around the ankles
- Thickened or hardened skin over the lower leg
- Non-healing wounds or venous ulcers
- Sudden swelling or pain in one leg
- Chronic pelvic heaviness or pain
- Sudden calf swelling, warmth, redness, or pain may indicate deep vein thrombosis and should be evaluated urgently
The Apollo Centre for Venous Disorders treats the full spectrum of venous diseases, ranging from cosmetic vein concerns to complex clotting and venous obstruction disorders.
- Varicose Veins
- Spider Veins
- Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
- Chronic Venous Insufficiency
- Venous Leg Ulcers
- May-Thurner Syndrome
- Pelvic Venous Disorders
Varicose Veins
- Varicose veins are enlarged, twisted, and bulging veins that most commonly affect the legs.
- They develop when the valves inside the veins stop functioning properly, allowing blood to flow backwards and pool in the veins.
- While many people initially notice them as a cosmetic concern, varicose veins can progress to aching pain, heaviness, swelling, itching, cramps, burning sensations, restless legs, and skin changes around the ankles.
- Long-standing varicose veins can eventually lead to venous ulcers or bleeding veins if left untreated.
- Treatments for varicose veins include radiofrequency ablation or VenaSeal glue closure procedure.
Spider Veins
- Spider veins are small red, blue, or purple veins visible near the surface of the skin.
- Although often considered cosmetic, they may sometimes indicate underlying venous reflux or early venous insufficiency.
- Patients may also experience burning, discomfort, sensitivity, or leg fatigue associated with these veins.
- Treatments for spider veins include visual sclerotherapy.
Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
- Deep Vein Thrombosis is a potentially serious condition caused by the formation of blood clots within the deep veins of the legs or pelvis.
- Symptoms may include sudden swelling, pain, warmth, redness, or tenderness in one leg.
- The Centre for Venous Disorders offers urgent DVT evaluation pathways, advanced venous imaging, anticoagulation management, and specialized clot-removal procedures for selected patients such as mechanical thrombectomy and catheter directed thrombolysis.
- Seek emergency care immediately if leg swelling or suspected DVT is associated with sudden breathlessness, chest pain, coughing blood, fainting, rapid heartbeat, or unexplained collapse, as these may suggest pulmonary embolism.
Chronic Venous Insufficiency
- Chronic venous insufficiency occurs when the veins struggle to efficiently return blood back to the heart.
- Over time, increased venous pressure causes blood to pool in the legs, leading to symptoms such as heaviness, persistent swelling, tightness, itching, skin discolouration, thickened skin, and discomfort that worsens after prolonged standing or sitting.
- If untreated, chronic venous insufficiency can significantly impact mobility and quality of life.
Venous Leg Ulcers
- Venous ulcers are chronic, slow-healing wounds that commonly develop around the ankles due to long-standing venous disease and poor circulation.
- These wounds may be painful, recurrent, and associated with swelling, skin darkening, fluid leakage, or recurrent infection.
- Successful treatment requires addressing both the wound itself and the underlying venous insufficiency causing it.
- Treatment includes specialist wound care, compression therapy where safe, assessment of arterial circulation, infection control when needed, and duplex evaluation to identify underlying venous reflux or obstruction.
May-Thurner Syndrome
- May-Thurner Syndrome occurs when the iliac vein in the pelvis becomes compressed by nearby arteries, restricting blood flow from the leg.
- This condition commonly affects the left leg and may cause swelling, heaviness, pain, visible veins, or recurrent DVT.
- Many patients remain undiagnosed for years until advanced imaging identifies the underlying obstruction.
- Diagnosis may involve duplex ultrasound, CT or MR venography, venography, and intravascular ultrasound in selected cases.
- Treatment depends on symptoms and severity and may include anticoagulation if DVT is present, endovascular clot management (like mechanical thrombectomy and catheter directed thrombolysis) in selected acute cases, and iliac vein stenting for significant symptomatic iliac vein obstruction.
Pelvic Venous Disorders
- Pelvic venous disorders are caused by abnormal or enlarged pelvic veins and are more commonly seen in women.
- Symptoms can include chronic pelvic pain, pelvic heaviness, pressure, painful varicose veins around the pelvis or thighs, and worsening discomfort after prolonged standing.
- These conditions are often under-recognized and may require specialized venous imaging for accurate diagnosis.
- Treatment includes pelvic vein embolization.
The Apollo Centre for Venous Disorders offers a comprehensive range of minimally invasive and advanced venous treatments tailored to the severity of the condition, symptoms, and long-term vein health needs of each patient.
- Conservative & Supportive Care
- Minimally Invasive Vein Treatments
- Advanced Venous Interventions
Conservative & Supportive Care
- Graduated Compression Therapy: Medical-grade compression stockings may help reduce swelling, aching, heaviness, and venous pressure. They are commonly used for symptom control, venous oedema, venous ulcers, patients awaiting procedures, post-procedure recovery, or when intervention is not suitable. The strength and duration of compression should be prescribed after clinical assessment.
- Anticoagulation Management: Patients diagnosed with deep vein thrombosis are managed through a structured anticoagulation pathway, including selection of the appropriate agent, dose titration, duration planning, and scheduled follow-up to monitor clot resolution and assess for post-thrombotic syndrome. The team works alongside hematology where required for complex or recurrent cases.
Minimally Invasive Vein Treatments
- Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA): RFA is a well-established, guideline-supported endothermal treatment for varicose veins. A thin catheter is guided into the diseased vein under ultrasound, and precisely controlled radiofrequency energy seals the vein from within. No surgical stripping, no stitches, no general anesthesia — performed under local anesthesia as a day-care treatment, with most patients returning to normal activity within 24 hours.
- Cyanoacrylate Glue Closure (VenaSeal™): A specialized medical adhesive is delivered into the diseased vein to seal it shut without heat or extensive injections. VenaSeal often requires less post-procedure compression than heat-based techniques, and in many patients, compression stockings may not be needed. Your doctor will advise based on the treated veins and overall plan.
- Visual Sclerotherapy: A non-surgical injectable treatment for spider veins and small superficial varicose veins. A sclerosant solution is injected directly into the visible vessel using a fine needle, causing the vein walls to collapse and gradually fade. Quick, clinic-based, and requires no anesthesia or downtime.
- Ultrasound-Guided Foam Sclerotherapy: For larger, deeper, or recurrent varicose veins, sclerosant foam is injected under duplex ultrasound guidance. The foam displaces blood more effectively than liquid, improving contact with the vessel wall and treatment efficacy. Particularly useful for residual or recurrent veins following previous interventions.
Advanced Venous Interventions
- Iliac Vein Stenting: For patients with iliac vein obstruction — including May-Thurner Syndrome — iliac vein stenting restores adequate venous outflow and relieves symptoms of left leg swelling and recurrent DVT. Performed endovascularly with Apollo's Interventional Radiology team under full intraoperative venous imaging guidance.
- Pelvic Vein Embolization: Pelvic congestion syndrome and pelvic venous disorders are caused by incompetent ovarian or pelvic veins. Pelvic vein embolization seals these abnormal veins using coils or sclerosant agents delivered via a small catheter under imaging guidance. An effective, minimally invasive treatment for chronic pelvic pain and pelvic heaviness in women.
- Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis (CDT): For selected patients with extensive acute DVT, severe symptoms, and low bleeding risk, catheter-directed thrombolysis can deliver clot-dissolving medication directly into the thrombus via a catheter placed under imaging guidance. This may achieve faster and more complete clot resolution than systemic anticoagulation alone, reducing the risk of post-thrombotic syndrome. Performed by the vascular and interventional radiology team in appropriate clinical settings.
Apollo Centre for Venous Disorders uses advanced vascular imaging and minimally invasive technologies to improve treatment precision, patient comfort, and recovery outcomes.
- Radiofrequency Ablation System
- Cyanoacrylate Glue Closure (VenaSeal™)
- Intravascular Ultrasound (IVUS)
- CT & MR Venography
- Venous Duplex Ultrasound
- Mechanical Thrombectomy
Radiofrequency Ablation System
A minimally invasive thermal ablation technology that uses controlled radiofrequency energy to close abnormal veins with high precision, minimal pain, and shorter downtime.
Cyanoacrylate Glue Closure (VenaSeal™)
A modern medical adhesive-based vein closure system used to seal diseased veins without heat-based treatment or multiple injections, making the procedure more comfortable for patients.
Intravascular Ultrasound (IVUS)
A catheter-based imaging technology that provides highly detailed, real-time visualization from inside the vein, helping specialists accurately identify vein narrowing and obstruction during complex venous interventions.
CT & MR Venography
Advanced imaging technologies used to evaluate pelvic veins, iliac vein obstruction, May-Thurner Syndrome, deep vein thrombosis, and complex venous anatomy.
Venous Duplex Ultrasound
A specialized vascular ultrasound used for vein mapping, diagnosis of venous reflux, clot detection, blood flow assessment, and treatment planning. Most patients undergo duplex ultrasound evaluation during the same visit.
Mechanical Thrombectomy
Enables precise, real-time clot extraction from occluded vessels under fluoroscopic guidance, performed using state-of-the-art imaging and neurovascular tools, ensuring rapid revascularization with minimal invasiveness and maximum precision.
Meet Our Experts
1
What is Radiofrequency Ablation?
RFA is a minimally invasive procedure that uses controlled thermal energy to seal off diseased veins from the inside. It is the gold standard treatment for varicose veins and has replaced surgical stripping in most cases. Performed under local anesthesia as a day-care treatment.
2
Is RFA painful?
RFA is performed under local anesthesia, so most patients experience minimal discomfort during the procedure. Mild soreness, bruising, tightness, or tenderness may occur for a few days and usually settles with simple measures.
3
How long does the RFA procedure take?
A single-limb RFA typically takes 45–60 minutes. Bilateral procedures take longer. You will be at the facility for a few hours in total, including pre-procedure assessment and post-procedure rest.
4
Will I need to be admitted to hospital?
No. RFA, VenaSeal, and sclerotherapy are all performed as day-care procedures. No hospital bed or overnight stay is required.
5
When can I return to normal activities?
Most patients return to desk work within 24 hours. Walking is actively encouraged from day one. Your surgeon will advise on any short-term restrictions based on your individual case.
6
Can both legs be treated at the same time?
Yes. Bilateral procedures in a single session are available, subject to clinical assessment.
7
Do varicose veins come back after treatment?
RFA and VenaSeal have high technical success rates, but varicose veins can recur over time because venous disease may progress or new abnormal veins may develop. Good duplex mapping, appropriate treatment selection, and follow-up reduce the risk of recurrence.
8
Is the treatment covered by insurance?
Yes, the centre is empanelled with all major health insurers and TPAs. Cashless treatment is available for eligible procedures. Our team will assist with pre-authorisation and claim documentation.
9
Who is at higher risk for venous disorders?
Individuals who stand or sit for long hours are at higher risk, as are pregnant women, those with a family history of varicose veins, and people who have previously had deep vein thrombosis.
10
How do I book a consultation?
You can call 044 4040 1066 to schedule a consultation.
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