Best Muscular Dystrophy Doctors in Delhi

Muscular dystrophy is a cluster of genetic diseases characterised by progressive weakness and loss of muscle mass. Caused by genetic mutations, this disease affects the genes responsible for the structure and function of muscle cells. Over time, these mutations trigger muscle degeneration and weakening. The condition is typically inherited, but in some cases, it can occur spontaneously due to new mutations. There are many different types of muscular dystrophy, each caused by different genetic mutations and affecting different muscle groups.

Delhi, the capital city of India, observes a fair share of muscular dystrophy cases. While lifestyle factors may not directly impact the incidence of this genetic disorder, adequate medical support is paramount for patients. Apollo Hospitals Delhi houses some of the best doctors for muscular dystrophy and muscular dystrophy specialists who offer comprehensive care and robust treatment plans for patients with this debilitating disease.

Types/Stages of Muscular Dystrophy

Some of the most common types of muscular dystrophy include:

• Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD): This predominantly affects boys and is caused by a mutation in the DMD gene, which results in the absence of dystrophin, a protein essential for maintaining muscle integrity.

• Becker Muscular Dystrophy: This is also caused due to a mutation in the DMD gene, but it presents with milder symptoms and a later onset.

• Myotonic Dystrophy: This form is characterised by myotonia, a delayed relaxation of muscles after contraction. It can affect multiple organ systems.

• Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy: This affects muscles of the face, shoulders, and upper arms.

• Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophy: A group of disorders affecting the hip and shoulder muscles.

• Congenital Muscular Dystrophy: These muscular dystrophies are present at or shortly after birth.

Symptoms of Muscular Dystrophy

Common symptoms of muscular dystrophy include:

• Progressive muscle weakness

• Loss of muscle mass particularly in arms, legs, and pelvis

• Late onset of walking and a waddling gait in children

• Muscle and tendon stiffness leading to reduced mobility

• Weakness in muscles involved in breathing

• Skeletal abnormalities like the curvature of the spine

Tests to Diagnose Muscular Dystrophy

Doctors for muscular dystrophy at Apollo Hospitals diagnose the disease using several tests and procedures:

• Physical Examination: The doctor will assess muscle strength, tone, and reflexes, and look for any signs of muscle wasting or contractures.

• Blood Tests: To identify elevated levels of muscle enzymes indicating muscle damage.

• Genetic Testing: Identifying specific mutations associated with different types of muscular dystrophy.

• Electromyography: Measuring the electrical activity of muscles to differentiate muscular dystrophy from other muscle diseases and disorders.

• Muscle Biopsy: Analysing muscle tissue samples to look for abnormalities in the muscle fibres.

• Imaging Studies: Magnetic Reasonance Imaging and Ultrasound scans help assess the extent of muscle damage and identify specific patterns of muscle involvement.

Treatment or Surgery Options for Muscular Dystrophy at Apollo Hospitals Delhi

The team of best doctors for muscular dystrophy treatment at Apollo Hospitals Delhi focuses on providing the best treatment options that manage symptoms, slow disease progression, and enhance patients' quality of life:

• Physical Therapy: To maintain mobility, prevent contractures, and enhance muscle strength and flexibility.

• Medications: Corticosteroids can be prescribed to slow down the progression of certain types of muscular dystrophy.

• Orthopaedic Interventions: Surgeries like tendon releases and spinal fusion can manage skeletal deformities and improve mobility.

• Assistive Devices: Mobility aids, orthotic devices, and wheelchairs can help individuals maintain independence and improve their quality of life.