Utofelo-gazi- Kubalulekile, Iintlobo, Izibonelelo kunye neengozi

Xa isigulana sifuna igazi elongezelelweyo ukuze sixhase inkqubo yomzimba waso, olu nyango lubizwa ngokuba lutofelo-gazi ngokwezamayeza. Igazi okanye iinxalenye zegazi eziyimfuneko, njengeeseli ezibomvu zegazi, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, okanye iiplatelets, zinokutofelwa ngokuthe ngqo kwimithambo yesigulane kusetyenziswa umgca we-intravenous (IV). 

Ngokuqhelekileyo, umntu ufuna igazi elingakumbi xa esopha kakhulu ngenxa yengozi, ukopha ebudeni botyando, okanye ngenxa yesigulo esithile.

Malunga neNkqubo yokuTshintsha igazi

Abantu abaninzi banikela ngegazi rhoqo kwizigulana ezifuna igazi ngokukhawuleza. Eli gazi linikelwe lifuna ukugcinwa ngononophelo kwiingxowa eziyilwe ngokukhethekileyo kubushushu obuthile. 

Xa ugqirha eyalela ukuba umguli atofelwe igazi, banikwa igazi ngokufaka inaliti emithanjeni yabo. Esinye isiphelo salo mbhobho sifakwe kwigazi okanye kwimveliso yegazi equkethe isikhwama. Emva koko igazi lihamba ngokuthe ngcembe lisuka engxoweni liye kwinkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi yeso sigulana.

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Kutheni Kuyimfuneko Utofelo-gazi?

Nazi izizathu ezimbalwa zokuba kusenokuba yimfuneko utofelo-gazi.

1. Ukuhlinzwa: Umthamo omkhulu wegazi uyalahleka ebudeni botyando olukhulu, olufanele kutshintshwe ngoncedo lotofelo-gazi olukhawulezileyo.
2. IAnemia: Ukuba isigulane siphethwe ngokuqatha i-anemia, inani leeseli ezibomvu emizimbeni yabo lehla kakhulu ngaphantsi komlinganiselo oqhelekileyo. Ke, ekuphela kwendlela yokusindisa ubomi babo kukugqithisela iiseli zegazi ezibomvu ezininzi emizimbeni yabo.
3. Cancer: Ngokuqhelekileyo, abaguli abanayo leukemia okanye umhlaza wegazi kunokwenzeka ukuba uhlaselwe yi-anemia enzima. Ngaphezu koko, chemotherapy yaye imitha yemitha idla ngokuwuchaphazela kakubi umongo yaye inciphisa amandla awo okuvelisa iiseli ezibomvu zegazi. Ngaloo ndlela, utofelo-gazi olusexesheni lunokubasindisa aba baguli abanomhlaza.
4. Ukopha kwangaphakathi: Ukwenzakala kwindlela yokwetyisa okubangelwa sisilonda okanye ezinye iingxaki ezinzulu zokwetyisa kunokubangela ukopha kakhulu. Ngoko, umguli maxa wambi usenokufuna utofelo-gazi.
5. Ukwenzakala ngengozi: Xa umntu enzakele kakhulu ngexesha lengozi, igazi elininzi liphuma kwimithambo yegazi egqobhokileyo. Ngenxa yoko, loo mntu ufuna utofelo-gazi ukuze ahlawule oko kulahlekelwa kakhulu ligazi.  
6. Isigulo esimandundu: Iziphazamiso ezithile zegazi, ezifana nesifo se-sickle cell kunye ne-hemophilia, zihlala zibangela i-anemia ngenxa yokulahlekelwa kwegazi ngokuthe rhoqo. Ngoko, utofelo-gazi lusenokufuneka ukuze kusindiswe ubomi babaguli abanjalo.

Iindidi Ezahlukeneyo Zotofelo-gazi

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zotofelo-gazi. Ezinye zazo zezi:

1. Utofelo-gazi olubomvu: Olu hlobo lotofelo-gazi lolona luxhaphakileyo, njengoko abantu abane-anemia okanye ezinye izifo befuna kuphela ukutshintshwa kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi. Iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ziqulathe athwala, enika umbala obomvu wegazi kwaye iyimfuneko ekuthwaleni ioksijini. Zonke izigulana ezenza utyando nazo zifuna utofelo-gazi olubomvu ukuze zigcine amanqanaba aqhelekileyo e-hemoglobin.
2. Utofelo-gazi lwePlatelet: IiPlatelets ngamalungu egazi ayimfuneko anceda ihlwili legazi ngokukhawuleza kwaye kuthintele ukopha kakhulu. Utofelo-gazi lweplatelet lufuneka ikakhulu ukunyanga izigulana ezinomhlaza ezinomlinganiselo weplatelet ngokufuthi wehla ngaphantsi komgangatho ophakathi .
3. Utofelo-gazi lwePlasma: Isiyilelo-gazi okanye inxalenye yolwelo yegazi ineprotheyini enegalelo ekujiyiseni kwegazi. I-Plasma idla ngokuhlukana kuzo zonke iincinci zegazi kwaye igcinwe ubuninzi be-1 ngonyaka kwimeko enqabileyo, iguqule ibe yi-cryoprecipitate. I<em>Plasmapheresis yinkqubo yokunikela nge<em>plasma, apho kuphela i<em>plasma eyahlulwe egazini, yaye iinxalenye zegazi eziseleyo zibuyiselwa kumzimba walowo unikelayo.

Iingenelo Zotofelo-gazi

Xa umlinganiselo weeseli ezibomvu zegazi ubuyiselwa kwimeko yesiqhelo ngokutofelwa igazi, unokuqiniseka ukuba ufumana ioksijini eyaneleyo kwiiseli zakho. Iiseli zegazi ezibomvu ezaneleyo nazo ziqinisekisa intliziyo ephilileyo.

• Ekubeni umlinganiselo weplatelet oqhelekileyo ubalulekile ukuze kuthintelwe ukopha kakhulu enxebeni, utofelo-gazi lweplatelet lunokuthintela ukopha okungalawulekiyo .
• Utofelo-gazi lwe-cryoprecipitates kwiplasma lukwanceda ekuthinteleni ukopha xa igazi lisilela ukujika ngokwemvelo.

Iingozi Ezibandakanyekileyo Kwinkqubo Yotofelo-gazi

Izigulane ezininzi zifumana a umkhuhlane oko kunokuhlala kwiiyure ezi-5 emva kokuba utofelo-gazi luphelile. Basenokuba namava iintlungu zesifuba, ukungakhululeki, nesicaphucaphu ngoxa ubushushu bomzimba wabo buphezulu.

• Abanye abantu basenokungadibani negazi elitofelweyo nokuba iqela legazi liyahambelana. Ngoko basenokuba nengxaki yokurhawuzelelwa nokurhawuzelelwa emizimbeni yabo njengenxalenye yokungadibani nomzimba ngexesha okanye kamsinya nje emva kokuba betofelwe igazi.
• Ukusabela okubukhali kwe-immune hemolytic kunokwenzeka ukuba inkqubo yomzimba isala ukulamkela igazi elisandul’ ukutofelwa. Emva koko isigulane siya kubandezeleka kwiimpawu ezahlukeneyo, ezifana nomkhuhlane, ngaphantsi umqolo obuhlungu, ukugodola, isicaphucaphu, kunye nomchamo omnyama, de unyangwe ngamayeza.
• Ukulibaziseka kwe-hemolytic reactions kunokubonakala kamva emva kokuba inkqubo yotofelo-gazi iphelile. Iimpawu zayo ziphantse zifane nezo zifumaneka kwimeko ye-acute immune hemolytic reaction.
• Ukuba igazi alihlolwa ngokucokisekileyo ngaphambi kokuba litofelwe, umguli usenokwasulelwa nguGawulayo, iHepatitis B; hepatitis C, okanye ezinye iintsholongwane. Intsholongwane kaZika kunye nentsholongwane yaseWest Nile inokudluliselwa ngegazi elitofelweyo, nangona iimeko ezinjalo zibakho manqaphanqapha.
• I-anaphylactic reaction inokwenzeka ngokukhawuleza emva kwenkqubo yotofelo-gazi, kwaye inokubulala isigulane. Inokubangela ukuba ubuso budumbe, bubangele umqala obuhlungu, iingxaki zokuphefumla, kunye nokuwa ngesiquphe ifuthe legazi nqanaba.

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Fowunela 1860-500-1066 ukubhukisha idinga

Imibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo (FAQs)

Ngawaphi amalungiselelo onokuwalindela ngaphambi kokuba utofelwe igazi?

Ukuba bekufanele ukuba utofelwe igazi, umongikazi uya kujonga uxinzelelo lwegazi lakho, ukubetha kwentliziyo yakho, kunye nobushushu bomzimba wakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba usempilweni. Iingcali zonyango nazo ziya kujonga igazi lalowo unikelayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba likhuselekile emzimbeni wakho.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukugqiba utofelo-gazi?

Inkqubo yotofelo-gazi’ ixhomekeke kumthamo wegazi eliza kutofelwa kwisigulana. Ugqirha unokugqiba ubungakanani begazi eliza kunikwa isigulana sakhe, ngokweemeko zangoku zomzimba zomntu otofelwa igazi.

Ngaba ikho enye indlela enokusetyenziswa endaweni yotofelo-gazi?

Amanye amayeza anokunceda ekuveliseni igazi ngokukhawuleza emzimbeni wakho. Noko ke, ukopha kakhulu kufanele kulandelwe lutofelo-gazi olukhawulezileyo; kungenjalo, isigulane sinokujamelana nemiphumo emibi kunye nokulahlekelwa ubomi.