I-Arthroplasty (Utyando lokuTshintsha ngokuDityaniswayo): UkuBuyisela kwakhona kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga

Yintoni iArthroplasty?

I-Arthroplasty yinkqubo eyenziwa ukubuyisela umsebenzi welungu. Umdibaniso unokubuyiselwa ngokubuyisela amathambo kwakhona, okanye ijoyinti eyenziweyo (prosthesis) nayo ingasetyenziswa. 

Ngelixa i-hip kunye ne-knee arthroplasty zixhaphake kakhulu, i-arthroplasty inokulungisa okanye ithathe indawo yamanye amalungu emzimbeni, kubandakanya amagxa, amaqatha, iingqiniba kunye neminwe. Ukutshintshwa kwelungu lilonke kubandakanya utyando lokutshintshwa kwelungu eligulayo kunye nelungu elenziweyo elibizwa ngokuba lilungu lokufakelwa. Ngokomzekelo, a ngamadolo echatshazelwa yi-arthritis inokutshintshwa ngokupheleleyo-oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-knee arthroplasty. 

Ngelixa i-arthroplasty yenziwa ukubuyisela imisebenzi edibeneyo echatshazelwa sisifo samathambo, i-osteonecrosis kunye nokulimala kwamalungu, osteoarthritis (isifo se-joint degenerative) sesona sizathu siqhelekileyo sokwenza le nkqubo. I-osteoarthritis kukulahleka kwe-cartilage okanye umqamelo kwindawo edibeneyo. 

Kutheni ufuna i-arthroplasty?

I-Arthroplasty isetyenziswa xa amayeza kunye nonyango lwezonyango alupheli intlungu kunye nokukhubazeka ngokufanelekileyo. Iindlela zonyango ezimbalwa zeemeko ezidibeneyo (okanye i-osteoarthritis) ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe phambi kwe-arthroplasty ziquka:

• Ulungiso lwenyama 
• Ukunciphisa imisebenzi ebuhlungu 
• Amayeza okulwa nokudumba
• Amayeza eentlungu
• Inaliti yeCortisone kwindawo edibeneyo yedolo
• Iinaliti ze-Viscosupplementation: oku kongeza i-lubrication kwi-joint ukwenza intshukumo yabo ingabi buhlungu
• Uncedo AIDS ukuhamba (njengentonga)
• Ukuzivocavoca kunye nokulungelelanisa
• Ukuncipha kobunzima (kubantu abatyebe kakhulu)

Abantu abaye bafumana i-arthroplasty ngokubanzi banenkqubela phambili ebalulekileyo kunye nokuphucula ukwenza imisebenzi yabo yemihla ngemihla kunye nomgangatho wobomi.

Kunokubakho ezinye izizathu zokuba ugqirha wakho onyangayo acebise i-arthroplasty. Nceda ujonge utyando lokutshintshwa kwe-hip kunye ukuguqula idolo utyando ngolwazi oluthe ngqo.

Ziziphi ezinye iingozi ze-arthroplasty?

Njengoko nayiphi na inkqubo yotyando ineengxaki, i-arthroscopy nayo ineengxaki ezimbalwa ezinokubakho. Ezinye iingxaki ezinokuthi zibandakanye:

1. Sulelo 
2. Ukuhlamba
3. Amacandelo egazi emiphungeni okanye emilenzeni 
4. Ukukhulula amalungu okufakelwa

Kusenokubakho ezinye iingxaki ezixhomekeke kwimeko yakho yempilo ethile. Qinisekisa ukuba uxoxa ngayo nayiphi na inkxalabo kunye nogqirha wakho phambi kokuba inkqubo.

Ndiyilungiselela njani i-arthroplasty?

Umboneleli wakho wezempilo okanye ugqirha uya kuphonononga kwaye akuyalele malunga nenkqubo kwaye unokubuza nayiphi na imibuzo malunga nenkqubo. Ukulungiselela inkqubo yakho kunokubandakanya la manyathelo alandelayo: 

• Okokuqala, umboneleli wakho wezempilo uya kukucela ukuba usayine ifomu yemvume enika imvume yakho yokwenza inkqubo. Funda ifom ngononophelo kwaye ngokupheleleyo. Xelela ugqirha wakho okanye umboneleli wezempilo ukuba kukho into engacacanga.
• Umboneleli wakho wezempilo uya kwenza uvavanyo olupheleleyo lomzimba, ukongeza kwimbali epheleleyo yezonyango, ukuqinisekisa ukuba usempilweni phambi kwe-arthroplasty. Unokwenza uvavanyo oluthile lokuxilonga okanye uvavanyo oluthile lwegazi. Thetha nogqirha wakho / umboneleli wezempilo ukuba ngaba uyala okanye unovelwano kuyo nayiphi na iteyiphu, i-latex, amayeza kunye ne-anesthetic agents (ngokubanzi kunye neendawo).
• Yazisa ugqirha wakho onyangayo okanye umboneleli wezempilo ngawo onke amachiza (amiselweyo kunye ne-counter-the-counter) kubandakanywa naziphi na izongezo zamayeza ozithathayo.
• Kubalulekile ukuba uxelele ugqirha wakho ukuba unayo nayiphi na imbali yokuphazamiseka kwegazi. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukwazisa ukuba uthatha nayiphi na i-blood-thinning (anti-coagulant) iziyobisi, i-aspirin okanye amanye amayeza achaphazela ukubola kwegazi. Umboneleli wakho wezempilo unokucebisa ukuba uyeke la machiza phambi kokuba uqalise inkqubo.
• Kufuneka uxelele umboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuba ukhulelwe okanye ukrokrela ukuba ukhulelwe khulelwe.
• Kufuneka uzile ukutya iiyure ezisi-8 phambi kwe-arthroplasty.
• Usenokunikwa isithomalalisi ukukunceda uphumle phambi kwenkqubo.
• Unokudibana nephysiotherapist phambi kotyando lwakho ukuze uxoxe ngesicwangciso sakho sokubuyisela kwisimo sangaphambili
• Ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho yempilo, ugqirha wakho unokucela amanye amalungiselelo athile

Kuya kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha le-arthroplasty?

Ngokuqhelekileyo, inkqubo ye-arthroplasty ifuna ukuhlala esibhedlele. zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwiinkqubo zomboneleli wakho wezempilo kunye nemeko yakho yezempilo.

I-Arthroplasty inokwenziwa ngelixa uvukile phantsi kwe-anesthesia yomgogodla okanye ulele phantsi kwe-anesthesia jikelele. I-anesthesiologist yakho inokuxoxa nawe ngale nto phambi kokuba wenze inkqubo.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-arthroplasty ilandela le nkqubo ilandelayo:

1. Uyakunikwa igawuni yasesibhedlele ukuba uyinxibe
2. Umgca we-IV (we-intravenous) uya kufakwa esandleni okanye engalweni yakho
3. Icatheter yomchamo nayo inokufakwa
4. Iinwele kwindawo yotyando zinokuchetywa ukuba kuyimfuneko 
5. Uya kubekwa kwitafile yokusebenza kwindawo ebonelela ngofikelelo olungcono kwilungu lakho eliqhutywayo
6. I-anesthesiologist iya kuhlala ijonga izinga lentliziyo, ukuphefumla, uxinzelelo lwegazi, kunye amanqanaba e-oksijini yegazi ngexesha lenkqubo.
7. Isisombululo se-antiseptic sisetyenziselwa ukucoca ulusu phezu kwendawo yotyando 
8. Ugqirha wotyando uya kwenza ukusika / ukusika kwindawo yelungu lakho
9. Ugqirha wotyando uya kulungisa/asuse iindawo ezonakeleyo zelungu lakho
10. I-cut/incision iya kuvalwa ngemithungo okanye iziseko zotyando
11. Kuya kufakwa isambatho esingenazintsholongwane okanye ibhandeji

ukuchacha

Ukubuyisela kunye nokuvuselela kuya kwahluka kumntu ngamnye. Ngokubanzi, ugqirha wakho onyangayo angafuna ukuba usebenzise ilungu lakho 'elitsha' kamsinya nje emva kwenkqubo. Nangona ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba ngumngeni, i-physiotherapy kunye nokuthobela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho wokunyanga kuya kukhawuleza ukuchacha kwakho.

Ukuchacha esibhedlele

Kwakamsinyane emva kwenkqubo yakho, uya kuthathwa usiwe kwigumbi lokubuyisela ukuze ujongwe. Ngokukhawuleza xa uphefumla, i-pulse kunye ifuthe legazi uzinzile, kwaye ulumkile, uya kutshintshelwa kwigumbi lasesibhedlele. 

Ukuzilolonga yeyona nto ibalulekileyo kwindlela yakho yokuya kwisicwangciso sokubuyisela. Kungekudala emva kokuhlinzwa kwakho kwaye ngexesha lokuhlala esibhedlele, umgulana wakho womzimba uya kucwangcisa inkqubo yokuvuselela umthambo ukuze uncede ukubuyisela ukunyakaza kunye nokuqinisa ukudibanisa. 

Unokufumana iintlungu kwindawo edibeneyo ngenxa yokuba umzimba wakho ulungelelanisa kwilungu elitsha, izihlunu ezijikelezileyo ziba buthathaka ngenxa yokungasebenzi, kwaye izicubu ziya kupholisa ekugqibeleni. Iintlungu zakho zilawulwa ngamayeza, ngoko ke unokuthatha inxaxheba kwinkqubo yakho yokuzilolonga - esibhedlele nasemva kokuphuma.

Ukubuyiselwa ekhaya

Nje ukuba ubuyele ekhaya, kufuneka ugcine indawo yotyando icocekile kwaye yomile. Ugqirha wakho uya kunika imiyalelo ethile yokuhlamba. Izititshi zakho okanye iziseko zotyando ziya kususwa ngexesha lokundwendwela kwakho kwiofisi kagqirha.

Kubalulekile ukuthatha izithomalalisi zentlungu njengoko kucetyiswa ngugqirha wakho kuphela.  

Fowunela ugqirha wakho okanye umboneleli wezempilo ukuze uxele nayiphi na kwezi zilandelayo:

1. Ukopha okanye okunye ukukhupha amanzi, ububomvu, okanye ukudumba kwindawo yokusika
2. Fever okanye iingqele
3. Ukutshotshozela kunye/okanye ukuba ndindisholo kumda ochaphazelekayo
4. Ukunyuka kweentlungu ezijikeleze indawo yokusika
5. Unokuqala ukutya kwakho okuqhelekileyo ngaphandle kokuba ugqirha wakho ucebisa ngenye indlela
6. Musa ukuqhuba de ugqirha wakho akuxelele. 
7. Ezinye izithintelo zomsebenzi zinokusebenza

Ukuba unayo nayiphi na imibuzo malunga nokunciphisa umsebenzi emva kokutshintshwa okupheleleyo, qhagamshelana nogqirha wakho onyangayo.

Iziphumo zexesha elide zeArthroplasty

Uninzi lwezigulana zinokwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla ngokulula ngakumbi emva kwe-arthroplasty okanye iinkqubo zokutshintsha ngokudibeneyo. Ukongezelela, i-arthroplasty (okanye i-joint replacement) inokuhlala iminyaka emininzi kubantu abaninzi abanikezela umgangatho wobomi obuphuculweyo obubandakanya intlungu engaphantsi kunye nokuphuculwa kwentshukumo kunye namandla angenakukwazi ukuba kwenzeke.