Apollo kunye neManyano, Qalisa iNkqubo yokuLingwa

Isicelo esisodwa siya kuququzelela ukubambelela kunyango lwe-TB ngokusebenzisa izikhumbuzo ze-SMS, iifowuni zelizwi kunye neenkonzo zokucetyiswa
Isisombululo esiluncedo ukunqanda ukusasazeka kwesi sifo

Hyderabad, ngoMatshi, 2015: 'I-Union' (i-International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease) ngokubambisana ne-Apollo Hospitals, eHyderabad, iqalisa iprojekthi yovavanyo yokudibanisa unyango lwe-TB olunikezelwa kwicandelo lezempilo labucala kunye neNkqubo yoLawulo lwe-TB yeSizwe ngokusebenzisa usetyenziso lwesoftware olusekelwe kwiwebhu. Olu setyenziso lunceda ekuphuculweni kwesaziso se-TB, ukunamathela kwesigulane kunyango kunye nokuqinisekisa iziphumo ezingcono.

Le software intsha idibanisa iziko lezempilo labucala kunye ne-portal yesaziso se-TB kaRhulumente waseIndiya iNikshay. Ixhasa izigulane ze-TB ngaxeshanye ukuze zinamathele kunyango ngemiyalezo, iifowuni zelizwi ezisebenzisanayo kunye neenkonzo zokunika iingcebiso. Ukuqaliswa kwale projekthi yovavanyo kusetyenziswa usetyenziso lokulawula nokunyanga i-TB kwabhengezwa nguNksz Sangita Reddy, uMlawuli oLawulayo weDy., i-Apollo Hospitals Group; uGqr. Sarabjit Chadha, uMlawuli weProjekthi, i-Union - India; uGqr. Sai Praveen Haranath, iNgcali ePhambili yePulmonologist, i-Apollo Health City; uGqr. Dilip Mathai, iDean, i-Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences & Research; uGqr. Lavanya Nutankalva, iNgcali yeZifo eziSulelayo kunye noGqr. Suneetha Narreddy, iNgcali yeZifo eziSulelayo, i-Apollo Health City, kwiNgqungquthela yabezindaba ngoLwesihlanu kwi-Apollo Health City.

Isifo sephepha sisanda ngokwanda, nto leyo ebangela ukufa kwabantu abamalunga ne-1.5 yezigidi rhoqo ngonyaka, uninzi lwabo kumazwe asakhasayo. Ngokwezibalo ezikhoyo, i-India yodwa ithatha indawo yesine yamatyala amatsha esifo sephepha afunyanwa kwihlabathi liphela minyaka le, i-India inamatyala amatsha ayi-2.2 yezigidi kwizigidi eziyi-8.6 kwihlabathi liphela. Esi sifo sihamba emoyeni sibulala malunga ne-1000 yamaNdiya yonke imihla kwaye ke ngoko sithathwa njengengxaki enkulu yezempilo e-India. Esinye sezizathu ezenza ukuba ukwanda kwesifo kube nzima kukungabikho kokuhlanganiswa kwenkqubo yesifo sephepha necandelo lezempilo labucala, ngaphandle kokuyekelela ekuqapheleni rhoqo, ukujonga nokubeka esweni ngokufanelekileyo. Rhoqo izigulana ezibika kwiikliniki zabucala okanye kwizibhedlele emva kokufumana uncedo lokuqala kwesi sifo azifumaneki kunyango, nto leyo ebangela ukuba unyango lungathotyelwa, ngelixa elo lixesha elibalulekileyo lokulandelela nokubeka esweni ngamandla. Ezi zigulana zikwasasaza esi sifo kuluntu.

I-World Health Organisation (WHO) ngesicwangciso sayo sokuStop TB, ibisoloko ibandakanya ababoneleli bezempilo abafanelekileyo ngeendlela ezixubeneyo zikawonke-wonke, ezabucala kunye nezikarhulumente, kunyango lwesifo sephepha. I-Union, ngokubambisana neLilly MDR-TB partnership, iphumeza iprojekthi yokubandakanya ababoneleli bezempilo babucala ngokucwangcisiweyo ekunikezeni iinkonzo ze-TB ezisebenzayo nezisemgangathweni eIndiya.

Njengenxalenye yale nkqubo, izibhedlele zase-Apollo zisebenza ekuphuculeni ulwazi ngesifo sephepha, ukunamathela kunyango kunye nokuphucula iziphumo, ngokubambisana ne-Union kwaye ziqalise iwebhusayithi – http: //www.ahtts.in/Isoftware enxulumene neprojekthi yeNikshay, inceda ekukhumbuzeni izigulana ngeSMS rhoqo ukuba zithathe amayeza, ukongeza, isixhobo sempendulo yelizwi esidibeneyo sijonga ukunamathela kunyango.

“Ukungathobeli unyango kwandisa umngcipheko wesifo sephepha esinganyangekiyo ngamayeza, nto leyo exhalabisa kakhulu eIndiya. Ulawulo oluzenzekelayo luya kuphucula ukhathalelo kwaye lusindise ubomi. Akusekho mbuzo wokuba singayiphelisa na i-TB – kukucela ukuba kuthathwe amanyathelo okususa esi sifo sibulalayo ehlabathini,” utshilo uNksz Sangita Reddy. Siqalisa le projekthi yovavanyo namhlanje kwaye siza kuyisasaza nakwezinye iindawo kwi-

kwiiveki ezizayo. Uthe, i-TB inesisombululo, kodwa ukuba asikwazi ukuyilawula kuyadanisa. Ebhekisa kukwanda kwe-TB eIndiya, uthe, ingxaki inkulu, isisombululo sinamandla kodwa ulwazi loluntu luphantsi kwaye ucele abezindaba ukuba basebenzele ukwandisa amanqanaba olwazi. Izibhedlele zase-Apollo zizimisele, siza kuqhuba inkqubo esebenzayo ye-TB. Ama-70% ezigulana ayayeka ukusebenzisa unyango, ukungenelela ngetekhnoloji ngendlela yesi sicelo kuya kuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa okungcono. Isicelo siza kuvavanywa kwaye sigqitywe kwizibhedlele zase-Apollo, eJubilee Hills, ngaphambi kokuba sidluliselwe kwezinye izibhedlele zeQela emva koko, utshilo.

UGqr. Sarabjit Chadha uthe, isiqingatha sezigulane ezine-TB sinyangwa kwicandelo lezempilo labucala, ngokuqhelekileyo akukho ndlela yokulandelela aba baguli. Le software ibamba iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo zezi zigulane, yazise isifo sesigulana. Isebenzisana nesigulana rhoqo ngezikhumbuzo zemihla ngemihla zeSMS zokusela umthamo wamayeza, ijonga ukuba unyango lwakhe luhambelana na ne-IVR rhoqo ngosuku lwesithathu kwaye abacebisi kwiSibhedlele sase-Apollo baya kuthetha ngefowuni kwaye batyelele ukuba kuyimfuneko abo baguli abangabambeleliyo kwimigaqo yonyango kwaye babacebise ukuba babuyele kwindlela yonyango. Siza kwandisa le nkqubo kwezinye izibhedlele zabucala ezinokuphinda ziphindaphinde, xa kugqitywe ngempumelelo le projekthi yovavanyo. Uthe, ukuxilongwa kwe-TB okungalindelekanga kube yimpumelelo, nangona kunjalo, izindlu zanamhlanje kunye nokuxinana kwabantu kwiindawo zasezidolophini kunika ulwandiso lokuba i-TB isasazeke ngokukhawuleza, ngelixa ikhumbuza intetho ethi 'i-TB naphi na ikwi-TB yonke indawo.' Kwakhona ukwanda kokunganyangeki ngamayeza ngenxa yokutsiba imigaqo yonyango kuyimbangela yokukhathazeka. Uthe, okwangoku sisebenza kwindlela yonyango emfutshane ebizwa ngokuba yi-STREAM (Standardized Treatment) Regimen yonyango lwe-TB, ukuze kwehliswe ixesha lonyango ukusuka kwiminyaka emibini yangoku ukuya kwiinyanga ezisithoba. Senze uvavanyo lokuvavanya oku eBangladesh kwaye okwangoku sinyanga izigulane zeTB kumazwe amane, iVietnam, iMongolia, i-Ethiopia kunye noMzantsi Afrika, ngale ndlela yokunyanga nge-85% yepesenti. Siza kugqiba uvavanyo lwethu size siluzise eIndiya ngo-2016. Uthe, iinkampani ezimbalwa zaphesheya ziye zaphuhlisa amayeza okunyanga iMultiple drug resistance, angafumanekiyo eIndiya okwangoku.

UGqr. Sai Praveen Haranath uthe, nakuphi na ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo kangangeeveki ezimbini kufuneka kuhlolwe. Abantu banokufumana isifo sephepha, esinokuhlala singalali ixesha elide, kodwa siya kusebenza xa inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ibuthathaka okanye umntu esebenzisa amayeza okunciphisa amandla omzimba okuzikhusela. Uthe, ilahleko yemveliso ngenxa yesifo sephepha eIndiya kuphela iqikelelwa kwi-$25 yeebhiliyoni.

UDkt. Dilip Mathai uthe, i-TB sisifo esingapheliyo, izigulane zihlala zibika koogqirha emva kwexesha, ukuxilongwa kulula kwaye ukuba umntu uthatha amayeza anganyangeka kwiinyanga ezintandathu kwi-98% yamatyala.

Malunga nezibhedlele zeApollo

Kwakungowe-1983, apho uGqr. Prathap Reddy wenza umzamo wokuqala ngokusungula isibhedlele sokuqala saseIndiya – iSibhedlele iApollo eChennai. Ngoku, njengeqela lezempilo elikhulu nelithembekileyo e-Asia, ubukho balo buquka iibhedi ezingama-8,488 kwizibhedlele ezingama-51, iiKhemesti ezili-1,586, iiKlinikhi zoNyango oluPhambili kunye nezoNyango ezingama-92, iiyunithi zeTelemedicine ezili-100 kumazwe ali-10. Iinkonzo ze-Inshurensi yezeMpilo, i-Global Projects Consultancy, iikholeji ezili-15 zoLondolozo kunye noLawulo lweZibhedlele kunye neSiseko soPhando esigxile kwiZivavanyo zeKlinikhi zehlabathi, izifundo ze-epidemiological, uphando lweeseli ze-stem kunye nofuzo kunye neZiko lokuqala leProton Therapy kulo lonke elase-Asia, e-Afrika nase-Australia.

Ngembeko enqabileyo, uRhulumente waseIndiya ukhuphe isitampu sesikhumbuzo sokuqaphela igalelo lika-Apollo, owokuqala kumbutho wezempilo. USihlalo weZibhedlele ze-Apollo, uDkt. Prathap C Reddy, wanikwa i-Padma Vibhushan ehloniphekileyo ngo-2010. Ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-28, iQela leZibhedlele ze-Apollo liye laqhubeka ligqwesa kwaye ligcina ubunkokeli kwizinto ezintsha zonyango, iinkonzo zekliniki ezikumgangatho wehlabathi kunye neteknoloji yokusika. Izibhedlele zethu zihlala zibekwe phakathi kwezona zibhedlele zibalaseleyo kwihlabathi jikelele ngeenkonzo zonyango eziphucukileyo kunye nophando.

Malunga noManyano

Umsebenzi weManyano yaMazwe ngaMazwe echasene neSifo sePhepha kunye neSifo seLung (uManyano) kukuzisa izinto ezintsha, ubuchule, izisombululo kunye nenkxaso yokujongana nemingeni yezempilo kubantu abamkela imivuzo ephantsi naphakathi. Ikomkhulu eParis, iManyano kuphela kombutho wenzululwazi wokuzithandela wamazwe ngamazwe kunye namaqabane abonelela ngeqonga elingathathi hlangothi lokulwa i-TB, i-HIV, isifuba, icuba kunye nesifo semiphunga.

Yasekwa ngo-1920, i-Union namhlanje liziko elingenzi nzuzo elinamasebe amahlanu ezenzululwazi kunye neeofisi ezininzi kwihlabathi liphela; kunye nomanyano lwemibutho nabantu abamalunga nama-3,000. Amasebe ayo ezenzululwazi agxile ekusombululeni imingeni emikhulu yezempilo equka: Isifo sephepha, i-HIV, impilo yemiphunga (kuquka neMpilo yeMiphunga yabantwana), izifo ezingosuleliyo, kunye noLawulo lwecuba. Uncedo lobuchwephesha, uphando, imfundo kunye nokukhuthaza zezona zinto ziphambili kwimisebenzi ye-Union kunye nenkxaso kumazwe angaphezu kwe-170 kunye neenkqubo kwihlabathi liphela.

I-Union yaziwa kakhulu ngokuphuhlisa icebo le-DOTS (Directly Observed Treatment, Short Course) lokunyanga nokulawula isifo sephepha. I-Union model, ecetyiswayo neyamkelwe kwihlabathi liphela yi-World Health Organisation, isetyenziselwe ukunyanga abantu abazizigidi ezingama-37 kwihlabathi liphela, isetyenziselwe ulwazi oluthe kratya. Ukuze ufumane ulwazi oluthe kratya, nceda ujonge www.kulugebra.org.

Malunga neManyano eMzantsi-Mpuma Asia

I-Ofisi ye-Union South-East Asia (USEA), ese-New Delhi, isebenza eBangladesh, e-India, e-Indonesia nakwamanye amazwe kulo lonke eli phondo, isebenzisa uthungelwano lwabacebisi kunye nobudlelwane obuqinileyo noorhulumente, uluntu, iinkampani kunye neearhente zamazwe ngamazwe. Yasekwa ngo-2003 njenge-ofisi yokuqala yengingqi ye-Union, namhlanje izisa amava kunye nobuchule behlabathi kumsebenzi wayo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kunye namandla kwiinkonzo ze-Union kulo lonke eli phondo. I-USEA inabasebenzi abazinikeleyo abanobuchule bobuchwephesha obubonisa ukugxininisa kwe-Union kwisifo sephepha, i-HIV, impilo yemiphunga, ulawulo lwecuba, izifo ezingosuleliyo kunye nophando.

Ukususela ngo-2009, i-USEA ilawule iProjekthi i-Axshya, iprojekthi exhaswa yiGlobal Fund eyenzelwe ukuphucula ukufikelela kwiinkonzo zeTB kubantu abasengozini nabangathathi ntweni kwizithili ezingama-300 kumazwe angama-21 aseIndiya. Ezinye iiprojekthi eziphambili ziquka imizamo yokulawula icuba eIndiya, eNepal naseBangladesh ngeBloomberg Initiative yokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwecuba; kunye neprojekthi exhaswe yi-Eli-Lilly yokwandisa ulawulo lweTB oluzinzileyo eIndiya. I-USEA ikwaququzelela uqeqesho lokwakha amandla kulawulo lweTB kunye ne-MDR-TB, uphando lokusebenza, ulawulo lweenkqubo kunye nezinye izakhono.