I-Appendicitis

Kule bhlog, uya kufumana ingqiqo malunga nezizathu kunye neempawu ze-Appendicitis. Kwakhona, funda ngonyango olungcono lwe-Appendicitis eIndiya.

isishwankathelo

The appendicitis kukudumba kwe-appendix. I-appendix yingxowa encinci, emile njengentshulube ekhoyo ekuqaleni kwethumbu elikhulu. Idla ngokuba yi-5 ukuya kwi-10 cm ubude. Ukusebenza kwesi sihlomelo akwaziwa kodwa ezinye izazinzulu zithi sisebenza njengendawo yokugcina iintsholongwane ezilungileyo. Abanye bakholelwa ukuba yintsalela engenamsebenzi evela kwindaleko yabantu. Indawo esikuyo isihlomelo iyahluka phakathi kwabantu.

I-Appendicitis yimeko kaxakeka yonyango efuna uqwalaselo olukhawulezileyo. Ikwangoyena nobangela uxhaphakileyo wotyando lwesisu. I-appendicitis ingenzeka nakweyiphi na iminyaka kwaye ichaphazela ngokulinganayo amadoda kunye nabasetyhini. Nangona kunjalo, ixhaphake ngakumbi kumadoda aneminyaka eyi-15 ukuya kuma-25 ubudala. Uphononongo lwakutsha nje lubonise ukuncitshiswa kwenani lamatyala e-appendicitis kumazwe asentshona. Iziganeko kumazwe aseAsia naseAfrika zisenokuba ngaphantsi. Kodwa amanani okwenene asuka kula mazwe akafumaneki. Ukuxhaphaka kwe-appendicitis kuphantsi kwiinkcubeko apho ukutya okune-fiber ephezulu kudla rhoqo.

I-appendicitis yenzeka xa ukuvaleka kwe-appendix kubangela ukuba usuleleke kwaye uvuthe. I-appendix iyadumba, isuleleke kwaye ibuhlungu kule meko. Ukudumba kunokusasazeka kwizakhiwo zomzimba ezingqonge i-appendix.

Iintlungu ezibangelwayo kunye neempawu zinokulinganisa ezinye iimeko ezifana usuleleko womchamo isiqephu okanye isilonda esiswini. Nangona kunjalo, i-appendicitis yimeko engxamisekileyo efuna unyango olukhawulezileyo. Ukuxilongwa kwe-appendicitis uthembele kakhulu kumava kagqirha. Uxilongo lwenziwa kwiimpawu zomzimba zesigulane kunye nophando. Intlungu kwindawo esezantsi yesisu yimpawu eziqhelekileyo ezinxulumene ne-appendicitis. Uphando olunje ultrasound kunye novavanyo lwebhubhoratri lwenziwa ukuze kuhlolwe ngakumbi kunye nokuqwalaselwa ngokucacileyo kwe-appendicitis. Unyango lwe-appendicitis lubandakanya amayeza okulawula ukusuleleka kunye nokususwa kwe-appendix ngotyando. Ukususwa ngotyando kwi-appendix kuthiwa yi-appendectomy. Ukuba unyango lwe-appendicitis lubambezelekile, ngoko isigulane sinokuvela iingxaki ezifana nokubhoboza, ithumba kunye i-peritonitis.

Izizathu

• Isizathu esicacileyo sokuba kutheni abanye abantu bekhula i-appendicitis asaziwa. Izinto ezininzi ezifana nokuvaleka kwe-appendix, usulelo, ukutya kunye nembali yosapho zaziwa ngokuba negalelo.
• I-appendicitis idla ngokubangelwa ukuvaleka kwe-appendix ngobunzima be-fecal, i-stricture (ukunciphisa), izinto zangaphandle, kunye neentshulube, ukwandiswa kwezicubu ze-lymphoid, izifo, ukulimala kunye namathumba.
• Ubukho be-fecal mass, umzimba wangaphandle okanye usulelo lwentsholongwane lubangela ukuvuvukala kunye nokucaphuka kwi-appendix. Ukuvalwa kwi-appendix kubangela ukwanda kwemveliso ye-mucus eyenza uxinzelelo olukhulu kwiindonga zesihlomelo. Uxinzelelo oluphezulu kudonga olukhanyayo lwe-appendix lubangela i-thrombosis (ukwakheka kwe-a ihlwili legazi) kwimithambo yegazi emincinci.
• Umgca wangaphakathi we-appendix ngokuqhelekileyo unezicubu ezininzi ze-lymphoid. Ezi ziingqokelela zeeseli zomzimba ezibizwa ngokuba zii-lymphocytes. Ezi zicubu ze-lymphoid zinokukhuliswa kwizifo zamathumbu ezifana izifo zesibindi, imasisi, i-amoebiasis kunye nosulelo lwentsholongwane. Oku kunokubangela ukuvaleka kwe-appendix.
• Izifunxi-gazi ezifana nethreadworms kunye ne-flukes nazo zinokubangela ukuvaleka kwe-appendix. Ukuvaleka kwe-appendix kubonakaliswe kukwenzakala okufana namanxeba okudutyulwa esiswini kunye nesixhobo sokucwangcisa esifakwe kwi-intrauterine esibekwe ngendlela engafanelekanga njenge-CuT. Usulelo olunje isifo sofuba kwaye imihlaza inokukhokelela kwi-appendicitis.
• Uxinzelelo olukhulayo lunciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi kwizicubu. Unikezelo lwegazi olwaneleyo luyafuneka ukuze iiseli zihlale zisempilweni. Ukungabikho kwegazi kubangela ukufa kweeseli kunye necrosis yesihlomelo. Xa oku kusenzeka, iibhaktheriya zinokuphindaphinda ngaphakathi kwityhubhu yesihlomelo esivaliweyo. Njengoko iibhaktheriya ziphindaphindeka, iiseli zokuzivikela kunye nezokuvuvukala ezifana neeseli ezimhlophe zegazi (WBC) ziqokelela kwindawo yosulelo kwaye yonke inkqubo ibangela ukudumba.
• Ukuvuvukala kunokubangela ukuba i-appendix idumbe kwaye ibe buhlungu. Inokusasazeka kwizicubu kunye nezakhiwo ezijikeleze isihlomelo ngokukhawuleza kwaye zibangele usulelo, i-thrombosiskunye ne-necrosis.
• Ukuba ayiphathwanga, i-appendix eyosulelekileyo okanye evuthayo iya kugqabhuka (i-perforate) ichithe into eyosulelayo kwindawo yesisu kwaye ibangele i-peritonitis. Ngamanye amaxesha ithumba elizaliswe ubovu (ipokotho yobofu eyakhelwe kwiithishu) yenziwa ngaphandle kwe-appendix evuthayo. Ngenxa yezi ngxaki, i-appendicitis yimeko engxamisekileyo efuna ukususwa ngokukhawuleza kwe-appendix.

iimpawu

Iimpawu ze-appendicitis zenza i-triad ye-classic yeentlungu zesisu, ukuhlanza, kunye umkhuhlane. Kodwa le ntetho iqhelekileyo ayinakuboniswa kuzo zonke iimeko.

Ubuhlungu besisu luphawu oluqhelekileyo lwe-appendicitis. Ngokuqhelekileyo, intlungu iqala phakathi kwesisu kwaye kamva itshintshela kwicala lasekunene elisezantsi, apho i-appendix ihlala ikhona. Intlungu inokuba nzima ngakumbi ukuba indawo apho i-appendix ifakwe khona icinezelekile okanye ngelixa ukhohlela okanye uhamba. Kwi-appendicitis enzima, umntu ochaphazelekayo ufumana intlungu ebuhlungu eyenza ukuba aguqe umzimba wakhe ngokugoba imilenze yakhe esifubeni.

Indawo ye-anatomic yesihlomelo iyahluka kakhulu phakathi kwabantu. Indawo yeentlungu ezinxulumene ne-appendicitis kunye neempawu ezinxulumene nazo zinokuhluka ngokufanelekileyo. I-appendix evuthayo ekufutshane nesinyi somchamo inokucaphukisa isinyi kwaye ibangele ukuchama okubuhlungu. Ukuba i-appendix idlulela ngasemva, ukuvuvukala kunokucaphukisa imithambo-luvo kunye nezihlunu ngasemva kwaye kubangele ubunzima bokuhamba.

Ezinye iimpawu ze-appendicitis

• Fever
• Isihlunu kunye nokuhlanza
• Ukuphelelwa kwesidlo
• Iintlungu ezijikeleze inkaba
• Ukuqhawula
• Ukuchama rhoqo kwaye kubuhlungu

Iimpawu ze-appendicitis ziyahluka phakathi kwabantu abahlukeneyo kwaye ngokwexesha lokudumba. Ngokuxhomekeke kwixesha leempawu kunye nobukho beengxaki ze-appendicitis zingahlelwa njenge-appendicitis enzima, engapheliyo, ephindaphindiweyo okanye enzima.

I-appendicitis ebukhali

I-appendicitis ebukhali kwenzeka xa iimpawu zivela ngesiquphe kwaye ngamandla. Ihlala iiyure ezingama-24 ukuya kwezingama-48. Esi sesona sizathu siqhelekileyo sotyando lwesisu kwi-appendicitis.

I-appendicitis engapheliyo

Kwenzeka xa ukuvuvukala kwe-appendix kuhlala kungabonakali kwaye iimpawu zihlala kwiiveki ezi-3. Iimpawu zinokuvela kwaye ziphele. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-appendicitis engapheliyo ifunyaniswa xa ubukhulu beentlungu bunyuka kwaye isigulane sibonisa njenge-appendicitis enzima.

I-Appendicitis ephindaphindiweyo

Ifunyaniswa xa isigulane sineziqendu ezininzi zeentlungu ezisezantsi zesisu ngenxa ye-appendicitis.

I-appendicitis enzima

Ukuba asinyangwanga, isihlomelo esosulelekileyo okanye esidumbileyo siyakugqabhuka okanye sigqobhoze sichithe izinto ezosulelayo kumqolo wesisu. I-appendicitis entsonkothileyo iyenzeka xa i-appendix igqabhuka ngenxa yokunyuka koxinzelelo olungaphakathi kuyo okanye xa i-appendix iphulukana nalo lonke unikezelo lwegazi ize ibe sisidudla. Ithumba le-appendicular lenziwa xa ubovu buqokelelana kwingxowa kummandla okufutshane nesihlomelo.

Isihlomelo esinethumba sinokugqobhoza okanye sigqabhuke. Izinto ezithathelwanayo zingasasazeka ngaphakathi kwisigxina sesisu kwaye kubangele i-peritonitis (ukuvuvukala kwangaphakathi kwodonga lwesisu).

Iimpawu ze-appendicitis zinokulinganiswa ngeemeko ezimbalwa. Ezi ziquka

• Usulelo lwesibeleko kunye nezakhiwo ezijikelezileyo
• Amatye kumzila womchamo
• Izifo zogqirha
• Endometriosis
• Usulelo lwamathumbu
• Ilitye le-Gallbladder kunye nosulelo

Izinto zobungozi

• ubudala: Umngcipheko we-appendicitis ungaphezulu kwabaselula kunye nabaselula (i-15 ukuya kwi-25 iminyaka).
• Gender: Indoda inomngcipheko omkhulu kunowasetyhini
• Sulelo: Ukusuleleka kwesisu kwandisa umngcipheko we-appendicitis
• I ngxaki: Ukulimala kwangaphakathi kwi-appendix kwandisa umngcipheko we-appendicitis
• Ukutya okuphantsi kwefayibha: Ukutya okuphantsi kwefayibha kubangela ukuqothulwa kwaye ibangela ukuba ezinye zezinto ezimdaka zifakwe kwisihlomelo esikhokelela kwi-appendicitis.

Ukuqondwa

I-Appendicitis ifunyaniswa ngugqirha ngokuthatha imbali yesigulane, ukuhlolwa komzimba kunye nokwenza uphando.

Uhlolo loqobo

Ngethuba lokuhlolwa komzimba, ugqirha uhlola iimpawu ezibalulekileyo ezifana ifuthe legazi, ubushushu bomzimba, izinga lokuphefumla kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo. Ugqirha uya kuqhuba uxilongo olucacileyo lwesisu kwaye akhangele indawo yeentlungu. Izigulane ezine-appendicitis zinomkhuhlane, ukunyuka kwentliziyo, intlungu ezantsi kwesisu, kunye nokunciphisa ukuhamba kwamathumbu.

Uvavanyo lwebhubhoratri

• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Igazi livavanyelwa ukufumanisa iseli emhlophe yegazi (WBC), ukubala. Ukunyuka kwenani le-WBC luphawu oluqhelekileyo losulelo.
• Ezinye iimvavanyo zaselabhoratri kunokufuneka ukuphelisa izifo zamalungu esisu njengesibindi kunye nezintso okanye ukufumanisa iingxaki. Olu vavanyo lubandakanya
• I-CRP okanye i-C-reactive Iprotheni iphakanyisiwe kwi-appendicitis enzima
• Uvavanyo lomchamo lwenziwa ukufumanisa usulelo lomgudu womchamo kwaye zeentso zamatye. Ezi zinokulinganisa iimpawu ze-appendicitis. Iiseli zePus zinokubonakala kumchamo kwezinye iimeko ze-appendicitis.
• Uvavanyo lomsebenzi wesibindi
• Uvavanyo lwe-Amylase ukufumanisa izifo ze-pancreas ezinokuxelisa i-appendicitis
• A uvavanyo lokukhulelwa kucetyiswa kubasetyhini kuba iimpawu ze-appendicitis zinokuxeliswa ngokukhulelwa kwe-ectopic.

Uvavanyo lomfanekiso

• Isisu somzimba: I-ultrasound luphando lokuqala olukhethiweyo kwizigulane ezirhanelwa nge-appendicitis. Isazi ngentlalo yoluntu sisebenzisa umatshini we-ultrasound ukujonga isihlomelo kunye nobukho beengxaki.
• CT Scan: I-CT scan inovakalelo ngakumbi kune-ultrasound. Iyakwazi ukubona i-appendicitis kwizigulana ezibonisa iimpawu ze-atypical kwaye i-appendix ibekwe emva kwamathumbu amakhulu.
• I-X-reyi (i-barium enema): Inceda ugqirha ukuba ahlole i-rectum yesigulana, amathumbu amakhulu kunye namazantsi ethumbu amancinci. Ulwelo olubizwa ngokuba yi-barium lunikwa isigulane ngendlela ye-rectal enema. Emva koko i-X-ray yesisu iqhutyelwa ukuhlola isisu, isithintelo kwi-appendix kunye nokufumanisa isihlomelo esingazalisiyo. Olu vavanyo alwenziwa ngokubanzi ngoku.

impatho

Mayeza

Amayeza amiselwe kwizigulane ezine-appendicitis ethambileyo. Amanye amayeza, ugqirha wakho unokukumisela ukuba une-appendicitis ebuthathaka, ngala:

• Antibiotics: Ukunciphisa usulelo lwebhaktiriya
• Ababulali beentlungu: Ukunciphisa ubunzima beentlungu

Ukuhlinzwa

Unyango lwe-appendicitis ngokuyinhloko lubandakanya ukususwa ngotyando lwe-appendix (appendectomy). Ugqirha uya kususa i-appendix ngokusebenzisa enye yeendlela ezimbini: utyando oluvulekileyo okanye lwe-laparoscopic.

a) Vula i-appendectomy

Ngexesha le-appendectomy evulekileyo, i-incision enye yenziwa kwindawo esezantsi yasekunene kwesisu ukususa isihlomelo. Nangona kunjalo, obu buchule buthathelwe indawo ngokubanzi lutyando lwe-laparoscopic.

b) I-appendectomy ye-Laparoscopic

Utyando lwe-Laparoscopic lufuna amanxeba amancinane kwaye alungeneleli kangako. Ugqirha wenza amacandelo amathathu amancinci (nganye i-1/4 - 1/2 intshi) kwaye afake i-laparoscope (itheleskopu encinci eqhagamshelwe kwikhamera yevidiyo) ngokusebenzisa i-cannula kwenye ye-incision. Inceda ugqirha wotyando ukuba abe nembono ezukileyo amalungu angaphakathi kumabonwakude. Ezinye iicannula ezininzi zifakwe kwezinye izikekelo kwaye isihlomelo siyasuswa. Utyando lwe-Laparoscopic lubandakanya amanxeba amancinci kwaye ixesha lokubuyisela lifutshane.

Amayeza eentlungu kunye ne-antibiotics inokumiselwa emva kotyando.

Izinto ezilungileyo ze-laparoscopic appendectomy

• Ukuhlala ixesha elifutshane esibhedlele
• Ukuncipha kweziganeko zosulelo lwenxeba
• Amanxeba amancinci
• Iingxaki ze-appendectomy:
• Ukuhlamba
• Usulelo lwamanxeba
• Ukulimala kwizitho ezikufutshane ne-appendix

Yintoni ekufuneka isigulana siyenze ngaphambi kokuba senze i-appendectomy?

Ukuba isigulane sicwangciselwe i-appendectomy, kufuneka silandele ezi ngcebiso ukukhusela iingxaki:

• Kuphephe ukutya okanye ukusela nantoni na kwiiyure ezisi-8 ngaphambi kotyando.
• Nika ulwazi olupheleleyo malunga nempilo yakho yangaphambili kugqirha wotyando.
• Yazisa ugqirha wotyando ukuba unovakalelo kulo naliphi na iyeza okanye i-latex.
• Yazisa ugqirha wotyando ngawo onke amayeza kunye nezongezelelo ozithathayo.
• Yazisa ugqirha wotyando, ukuba uthatha i-aspirin okanye i-anticoagulant amayeza, njengoko achaphazela ukuqiniswa kwegazi. Ugqirha wotyando unokukucela ukuba uyeke ukuthatha iyeza phambi kotyando.

Kufuneka senze ntoni isigulane emva kokuphuma?

• Isigulane kufuneka sinakekele ngokufanelekileyo emva kokukhutshwa esibhedlele. Inceda ekuthinteleni usulelo kwaye inceda ekuchacheni kwangoko.
• Kuphephe ukwenza umsebenzi odinisayo.
• Gcina i-incision icocekile kwaye yomile.
• Phumla ngokwaneleyo de ugqirha acebise isigulana ukuba sibuyele emsebenzini nakwimisebenzi eqhelekileyo.
• Qhagamshelana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza ukuba isigulana sinomkhuhlane, sigabha, siqaqanjelwa, sibomvu kwindawo ekusikwe kuyo okanye naziphi na ezinye iimpawu.

uthintelo

• Ukutya okunefayibha ephezulu: Ukuquka ukutya okutyebileyo ngefayibha ezifana nebhatata, imbewu yeflakisi, iialmondi ezikrwada, amakhowa njalo njalo kuya kunceda ukuthintela i-appendicitis. Ukutya okutyebileyo kumxholo wefiber kunceda ukuthintela ukuvaleka kwe-appendix yi-fecal matter.
• Ukhathalelo lwezonyango olukhawulezileyo: Kwimeko yeempawu ezinokubonisa i-appendicitis, ukuya kugqirha kunye nokulandela iingcebiso zonyango kunokuthintela iingxaki ze-appendicitis ekuphuhliseni.
• I fayibha kuthiwa ukunciphisa ukuvaleka kwe-appendix yi-fecal matter.

FAQs

• Ziziphi iziphumo zexesha elide ze-appendectomy?

Akukho zingxaki zexesha elide ezinxulumene ne-appendectomy. Ungaphinda uqalise umsebenzi wakho kwiiveki ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-6 emva kotyando. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo kwimpilo entle.

• Ngaba utyando kuphela kwendlela yokunyanga i-appendicitis?

Hayi. I-appendicitis ethambileyo inokunyangwa ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane neentlungu. Nangona kunjalo, izigulane ezine-appendicitis ezinzima zifuna ukususwa ngotyando lwe-appendix ukukhusela ezinye iingxaki kunye nosulelo.

• Nguwuphi ugqirha endifanele ndibonane naye malunga ne-appendicitis?

Kufuneka udibane nogqirha, ugqirha wotyando jikelele, okanye i-gastroenterologist nge-appendicitis.

• Ngaba i-appendicitis inokwenzeka ngexesha lokukhulelwa? Ukuba ewe, loluphi unyango?

I-appendicitis inokwenzeka malunga nekota yesibini okanye yesithathu yokukhulelwa. Inokubangela ukulahleka komntwana ngenxa yokungakhuseleki kulwelo olusulelayo. Ukuxilongwa kunye nonyango luhlala lufana kwisigulane esikhulelweyo kunye nasiphi na esinye isigulane. Nangona kunjalo, ukhathalelo olongezelelweyo luya kufuneka. Ugqirha wotyando, ugqirha jikelele, kunye ne-gynecologist uya kubeka iliso elibukhali isigulane.

• Ziziphi iimeko ezinokubangela iimpawu ezifana ne-Appendicitis?

I-Meckel's diverticulitis, isifo sokuvuvukala kwe-pelvic (PID), izifo ezivuthayo zesisu esiphezulu esilungileyo, i-diverticulitis yasekunene, izifo zezintso kunye ukukhulelwa kwe-ectopic ezinye zeemeko ezilinganisa iimpawu ze-appendicitis.

Izibhedlele ze-Apollo zinezona gqirha zibalaseleyo zonyango lwe-appendicitis eIndiya. Ukufumana abona gqirha babalaseleyo be-appendicitis kwisixeko sakho esikufutshane, ndwendwela amakhonkco angezantsi:

Oogqirha be-Appendicitis e-Bangalore

Oogqirha be-Appendicitis e-Chennai

Oogqirha be-Appendicitis eHyderabad

Oogqirha be-Appendicitis eDelhi

Oogqirha be-Appendicitis eMumbai