Intloko ebuhlungu - oonobangela, iimpawu, uxilongo kunye nonyango

Intloko yenye yeemeko zonyango eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazela wonke umntu ngexesha elithile ebomini babo. Uphawu oluphambili lwentloko yintlungu entloko okanye ebusweni obunokuthi bubethe, buhlale, bubukhali, okanye bube buthuntu. Oogqirha baphatha iintlungu zentloko ngamayeza, ukulawula uxinzelelo, kunye ne-biofeedback.

Zixhaphake kangakanani iintloko kubantu abadala?

Intloko yenye yezona meko zixhaphakileyo kwihlabathi ezibangela intlungu yokubetha. Malunga ne-75% yabantu abadala kwihlabathi liphela banentloko ebuhlungu ngonyaka. Intloko ebuhlungu sesona sizathu siphambili sokungayi emsebenzini nasesikolweni. Ikwachaphazela nentlalo kunye nobomi bentsapho yomguli. Kwabanye abantu, ukulwa nentloko eqhubekayo kunokubangela ukuxhalaba kunye ukudangala.

Iintlobo zeentloko

• Ngaphezulu kwe-150 iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeentloko ziwela kwiindidi ezintathu eziphambili - iintloko eziphambili, iintloko zesibini, kunye ne-cranial neuralgias.

1. Intloko ebuhlungu – Intloko ephambili ayilona uphawu lwesifo esisisiseko kodwa sisiphumo seengxaki ezibandakanya iintloko kunye nezakhiwo zentamo. Uxinzelelo kunye nokuphazamiseka kwindlela yokulala kudla ngokuba ngunobangela wale ntloko.                                                     
2. Intloko yesibini – Iintloko zesibini ngokuqhelekileyo zinezigulo ezisisiseko ezinxulumene nazo, ezinjengeentloko ze-sinus ezenzeka xa uxinzelelo okanye usulelo kwiizono zonyuka. A neyamenza yenye yeendlela zokuqaqanjelwa yintloko kunye neentlungu ezihlabayo kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo zenzeka kwicala elinye lentloko. Idla ngokuphenjelelwa luxinzelelo, iihomoni, isandi, indawo esingqongileyo kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi. Abasetyhini bachaphazeleka kakhulu kunamadoda.

Ukuba intloko ebuhlungu ihlala ixesha elide kwaye inxulunyaniswa neempawu ezinjengokuqina kwentamo, umkhuhlane, ukuhlanza, utshintsho lombono, utshintsho kwiimvakalelo kwelinye icala lomzimba. Kwimeko enjalo, ingaba ngenxa yokuphuhliswa kwezifo ezinzulu.

3. Iingxaki zeCranial Neuralgia: Iintlungu ezenzeka ebusweni kunye nezinye iintloko zibandakanya intloko ebuhlungu. Xa umntu ewasebenzisa kakhulu amayeza ngoko ke isigulana siphathwa yintloko ebuhlungu. Kwenzeka xa ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kwamayeza eentlungu kukhokelela kwiintloko ezingapheliyo. 

Iintlobo zentloko ephambili kunye neyesibini:

The Iintlobo eziqhelekileyo zeentloko eziphambili ziquka:

• Intloko yeentloko - tiintloko ezibuhlungu zihlala ziphakathi Imizuzu eyi-15 kunye neeyure ezi-3 kunye inokwenzeka isihlandlo esinye ukuya kwisibhozo ngosuku. Zinokuvela rhoqo kwiiveki ezi-4-12 kwaye emva koko zinyamalale. Iintloko zeCluster zivame ukwenzeka ngexesha elifanayo yonke imihla.
• Migraine – intloko ebuhlungu yintloko ebuhlungu enokubangela intlungu ebuhlungu okanye i-pulsing sensation, ngokubanzi kwicala elinye lentloko.
• Iintloko ezintsha eziqhubekayo mihla le (NDPH) iqala ngequbuliso kwaye ihlala ngaphezulu kweenyanga ezintathu. Ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka kubantu abaneentloko ezingapheliyo phambi kokuqala kwe-NDPH.
• Intloko intloko -kubangela intlungu ephakathi ukuya kwephakathi kwaye iyenzeka rhoqo ekuhambeni kwexesha.

Iintlobo ezithile zeentloko zesibini ziquka:

• Amayeza asetyenziswa ngokugqithiseleyo iintloko -eyaziwa ngokuba yi-rebound headaches, iyenzeka kubantu abathatha amayeza ukunyanga iintloko zabo rhoqo. 
• Isinus iintloko - zibangelwa ngenxa yosulelo lwe-sinus olukhokelela ekuxineni kunye nokuvuvukala kwi-sinus. 
• Iintloko zomqolo - zibangelwa ngenxa yoxinzelelo oluphantsi okanye umthamo we-cerebrospinal fluid. Kungenxa yokuvuza okuzenzekelayo kolwelo lwe-cerebrospinal, impompo yomqolo, okanye i-spinal anesthesia.
• Ukuduma kwentloko - ziyamangalisa kwaye uqale ngesiquphe. Iintloko ze-Thunderclap zibangela intlungu ebuhlungu ngaphakathi kwe-1 iminithi kwaye igqibe ubuncinane imizuzu emi-5.

Ngaba iintloko zinofuzo?

Iintloko zivame ukubaleka kwiintsapho, ngakumbi i-migraines. Abantwana abane-migraines banomzali omnye onayo. Abantwana abanabazali abaphathwa yimigraines banethuba eliphindwe kane lokuphuhla nabo.

Iintloko ezibuhlungu zisenokubangelwa ngenxa yezinto ezabelwana ngazo kwikhaya, njengale:

• • Ukusetyenziswa kokutya okuthile okanye izithako, njengecaffeine, utywala, ukutya okubilisiweyo, itshokolethi kunye netshizi
  • Ukutshaya
  • Ukuvezwa kwi-allergener
• Iziqholo ezinamandla ezivela kwiziqholo okanye iikhemikhali zekhaya

Intloko ebuhlungu inokubangelwa zizinto ezininzi, ezifana nezi zilandelayo:

• Ukucaphuka okanye ukuvuvukala kwisakhiwo sokakayi, kubandakanywa nenkqubo ejikeleze ingqondo, kunokuchaphazela ukusebenza kwengqondo.
• Ukutshintsha kokuhamba kwegazi okanye ukuhamba kwegazi ngenxa yokwenzakala ngeempumlo 
• emzimbeni kunye nesifo senkqubo, kubandakanywa nosulelo
• Ukusabela kumayeza kunye notshintsho kwi-chemistry yomsebenzi wengqondo
• Ukuyeka iziyobisi kunye nokusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi
• Imiba yokusingqongileyo efana nokuvezwa kwamavumba anamandla aphuma kwimichiza yasekhaya okanye iziqholo
• Ukuvezwa kwi-allergener.
• Umsebenzi onzima womzimba.
• Utshintsho lwehomoni.
• Ukungabikho kokulala okanye ukuphazamiseka kokulala.
• Abanye oothunywashe baquka uxinezeleko, amabhinqa ayeka ukuya exesheni okanye aya exesheni, nemikhwa yokutya.

Izizathu zeentlobo ezintathu eziphambili zeentloko

1. Iintloko eziphambili -zinokuba zibangelwa kukusebenza ngokugqithiseleyo okanye iingxaki kwizakhiwo ezibuhlungu kwintloko, kuquka:

• Iindawo ezithile zobuchopho
• Ivazi yegazi
• izihlunu
• Imiqolo
• Iikhemikhali zengqondo

Izizathu zeentlobo zeentloko eziphambili zezi zilandelayo:

• Iintloko ezibuhlungu – luhlobo oluqhelekileyo lweentloko eziphambili, kwaye unobangela uhlala ungaziwa. Kucingelwa ukuba kungenxa yezinto ezahlukeneyo ezibangela ukuvuvukala okanye ukucaphuka kwezakhiwo ezikhoyo entloko nangaphezulu kwentamo. Iindawo ezixhaphakileyo zentloko yoxinzelelo yibunzi, iitempile (imisipha ehambisa umhlathi okhoyo kule ndawo), kunye nommandla apho i-trapezius muscle yentamo ijoyina kwisiseko sokakayi. Uxinzelelo lomzimba (umsebenzi wezandla kunye nokuhlala ekhompyutheni okanye kwidesika ixesha elide) kunye noxinzelelo lweemvakalelo lunokubangela olu hlobo lwentloko. 
• Iintloko zeqela - ngokuqhelekileyo zibangelwa kukukhululwa ngokukhawuleza kweekhemikhali (serotonin kunye ne-histamine). Zihlala zenzeka ixesha elide okanye zinokuthi zenzeke yonke imihla (amaxesha eveki).

• IMigraines - zibangelwa xa iiseli zemithambo-luvo ezingazinzanga zisabela ngokugqithisileyo kwizixhokonxa ezahlukeneyo. Iiseli zemithambo-luvo zithumela iimpembelelo kwimithambo yegazi kwaye zikhokelela kutshintsho lweekhemikhali kwingqondo ekhokelela kwiintlungu ezininzi.
• Unobangela wentloko entsha eqhubekayo mihla le (NDPH) ayaziwa. Ngokuqhelekileyo ikhula kubantu abangenayo imbali yangaphambili okanye ebalulekileyo yentloko.

1. Intloko yesibini zidla ngokubangelwa sisifo esisisiseko okanye usulelo. Zisenokubeka ubomi esichengeni kwaye kufuneka zifunyaniswe kwaye zinyangwe ngokufanelekileyo. Uvavanyo lokuxilonga lunokwenziwa ukuchonga oonobangela bezifo ezisisiseko. Abanye oonobangela baquka:

• Ukwenzakala entloko nasentanyeni. Lo monzakalo unokubangela nokudumba kunye nokudumba ebuchotsheni (ngaphandle kokopha), iintlungu, ukopha ngaphakathi kwisithuba sobuchopho (phakathi kwe-meninges), ukudumba ngaphandle kokopha ngenxa yokwenzakala entloko, intloko ebuhlungu emva kokuphazamiseka kunye, iintlungu ngenxa yokwenzakala kwentamo kunye nokwenzakala kwe-whiplash.
• Usulelo lwenkqubo lubandakanya pneumonia, umkhuhlane, encephalitis, meningitis. Kwezinye iimeko, i-HIV/AIDS inokubangela intloko ebuhlungu yesibini
• Iingxaki ekujikelezeni kwegazi (i-arteriovenous malformations) kunye nokulimala kwentloko kunye nentamo ebangela i-TIA (uhlaselo lwe-ischemic oludlulayo) okanye ukubetha kunokukhokelela kwiintloko zesibini. Ukudumba kwe-carotid kunye nemithambo yethutyana, kunye ne-aneurysm (indawo ebuthathaka kwimithambo yegazi ebangela ukopha) nako kunokubangela intloko ebuhlungu.
• Ukuxhamla, amathumba ebuchotsheni (umhlaza), kunye xi nzelelo (i-BP ephezulu) nayo inokubangela intloko ebuhlungu.
• Amayeza kunye neziyobisi ezisetyenziselwa ukunyanga iingxaki zentliziyo, uxinzelelo lwegazi, iingxaki zentliziyo, I-erectile dysfunction, kunye nezithintelo zokukhulelwa ngomlomo kunokukhokelela ekubeni yintloko. Amayeza eentlungu, ii-narcotic, kunye nezinye ii-analgesics ezifana ne-ibuprofen kunye ne-aspirin nazo zinokubangela intloko ebuhlungu. 
• Usulelo lwamazinyo, impumlo, kunye namehlo anje nge sinusitis, iritis, glaucoma, kunye neentlungu zamazinyo zinokuba sisizathu seentloko.
• Izifo eziphantsi ezifana ne-hypothyroidism kunye nephezulu ifuthe legazi (uxinzelelo lwegazi) lunokubangela intloko ebuhlungu. Izigulana ezinengxaki yokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni okanye ukusilela kwezintso usenokufumana iintloko zesibini.

1. Intloko ebuhlungu: Amayeza entloko adla ngokubangela ukuba intloko ebuhlungu iphinde iphinde ibuye zizithomalalisi zentlungu, indibaniselwano yezithomalalisi zentlungu, amayeza e-migraine, kunye ne-opiates. Ukuba iidosi ezicetyiswayo zemihla ngemihla zigqithile, i-aspirin kunye ne-acetaminophen zinokufaka isandla ekubuyiseleni intloko ebuhlungu. Amatyala aqhelekileyo zizithomalalisi zentlungu ezidibanisa i-aspirin, icaffeine, kunye ne-acetaminophen. Umngcipheko ophezulu ubonwa kwi-Butalbital-containing compound. I-Triptans (sumatriptan) kunye ne-ergots ethile efana ne-ergotamine esetyenziswe kunyango lwe-migraine ihlala ibangela olu hlobo lwentloko. I-Painkillers ephuma kwi-synthetic opium compounds ibandakanya ukudibanisa i-codeine kunye ne-acetaminophen, kwaye inokubangela olu hlobo lwentloko.

Ingaba intloko ivakala njani?

Iimpawu ezibuhlungu zentloko ziyahluka, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwentloko isigulane esifumana kuyo:

1. Iintloko ezibuhlungu: Njengoko olu lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo lwentloko, intlungu ithande ukuba:

• Iphakathi ukuya phakathi
• Ukuhambelana ngaphandle kokubetha
• Kumacala omabini entloko (amazwe amabini)
• Okubi kakhulu ngexesha lemisebenzi yesiqhelo efana nokugoba okanye ukuhamba phezulu
• Ukuphendula kunyango lwe-counter-the-counter

2. Migraines: Le yintloko yesibini eqhelekileyo. Ukuxhatshazwa ngamava e-migraines:

• Isihlunu okanye ukuhlanza
• Iphakathi ukuya kwiintlungu ezinzima kwaye kwezinye iimeko, ukubetha okanye ukubethelwa kweentlungu
• Intloko ebuhlungu ehlala iiyure ezine ukuya kwiintsuku ezintathu
• Ukuvakalelwa kukukhanya, ingxolo, okanye ivumba
• Intlungu zesisu

3. Intloko yeentloko: Ezi zezona ndlela zinzima kakhulu zentloko ephambili kwaye njengoko igama libonisa ukuba yiza ngamaqela okanye amaqela. Zenzeka kube kanye ukuya kwasibhozo ngemini kwaye kunokukhokelela kwiiveki ezimbini ukuya kwiinyanga ezintathu. Ngamanye amaxesha, ezi ntloko zisenokunyamalala ngokupheleleyo kangangeenyanga okanye iminyaka, zize zibuye kamva. Isigulana esiva intlungu yentloko yeqela sinokufumana:

• Ubukhali ngokutshisa okanye ukuhlatywa.
• Ibekwe emva kwelinye lamehlo okanye kummandla wamehlo kwaye ayitshintshi macala.
• Ukubetheka okanye rhoqo.

4. Isinus iintloko: sisiphumo sosulelo lwe-sinus olubangelwa ngenxa yokuxinana kunye nokuvuvukala kwi-sinus - yimizila evulekileyo emva kweetshekhi kunye nebunzi. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ababoneleli bezempilo kunye nabantu ngabanye benza impazamo ye-migraines ngenxa yeentloko ze-sinus. Iimpawu zinokubandakanya:

• Iintlungu ezinzulu kunye neentlungu eziqhubekayo kwi-cheekbones kunye nebunzi
• Incasa embi emlonyeni
• Ukudumba kobuso
• Ukuziva ukugcwala endlebeni
• Iintlungu ezibuhlungu ngokushukuma kwentloko ngesiquphe okanye ukutsala nzima
• Fever
• Ukukhutshwa kwamafinya

5. Amayeza asetyenziswa ngokugqithiseleyo iintloko: Ezi zikwabizwa ngokuba yi-rebound headache. Ichaphazela kufutshane ne-5% yabantu abahlala bethatha izithomalalisi zentlungu ngenxa yentloko. Ukuthathwa rhoqo kweentlungu ezidambisayo kunokukhokelela ekugqibeleni ekwandeni kwenani leentloko. Iimpawu zokusebenzisa kakubi amayeza entloko ziquka:

• Intloko ebuhlungu isenokuba qho
• Ukufumana iintloko ezibuhlungu ngakumbi kunangaphandle
• Iintlungu ezibuhlungu kakhulu ekuseni

6. Intloko ebantwaneni: Abantwana abaninzi baphathwa yintloko xa befika kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo. Ngokusondeleyo kwi-20% yabantwana bafumana i-tension headaches kunye ne-migraines yingxaki eqhubekayo. Izinto ezibangelayo ziquka:

• Ukutya okuthile
• Utshintsho kumjikelo wokulala
• Izinto zendalo
• istres

7. Iintloko eziNtsha eziZingisayo mihla le: Ezi zivela ngokukhawuleza kwaye zihlala ngaphezu kweenyanga ezintathu. Oku ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka kubantu abangazange bafumane iintloko eziqhelekileyo ngaphambili. Intlungu yile:

• Uzinzile kwaye uzinzile ngaphandle kokunciphisa
• Ibekwe kumacala omabini entloko
• Ukungaphenduli kumayeza

iimpawu zentloko

Iimpawu zentloko ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwentloko.

1. Iintloko eziphambili

a. Uxinzelelo Lwentloko

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo kunye neempawu

• Iintlungu zinxulunyaniswa nokuqina okufana nebhendi okanye uxinzelelo kwaye kunokujikeleza intloko. Uxinzelelo luvakala kwiitempile kunye nakuyo yonke ibunzi. Iintlungu zamacala amabini (iintlungu kumacala omabini) zibonwa. 
• Isihlunu kunye nokuhlanza azibonwa kolu hlobo. Intloko ayixhatshazwa yisandi kunye nokukhanya. 
• Umgangatho wobomi awuchaphazeleki kakhulu, kwaye isigulane sinokulandela inkqubo yemihla ngemihla.

b. Intloko Ebuhlungu

• Iintlungu ziza ngokwamaqela (njengamaqela) ahlulwe ngamaxesha angenazintlungu. Intlungu inokuhlala kwiinyanga ukuya kwiminyaka, kwaye umntu akanako ukufumana intloko kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ukuya kwiminyaka. Ezi ntloko zisoloko zisivusa isigulana ezinzulwini zobusuku.
• Isiqendu ngasinye sentlungu sinokuhlala kwi-30-90 imizuzwana. Yintlungu ebuhlungu kwaye idla ngokuvela ngasemva okanye kufutshane namehlo. Impumlo kwicala elichaphazelekayo isenokubaleka okanye ixinanise, kwaye amehlo anokuba namanzi, adumbe, okanye adumbe.
• Isenokuba lilifa. Ukutshintsha kwendlela yokulala, amayeza afana ne-nitroglycerin, ukusetyenziswa kotywala, ukutshaya icuba kunye nokunye ukutya okufana nenyama etshayiweyo kunye netshokolethi kunokubangela ezi ntloko zibuhlungu.
• Ngokophononongo olwenziweyo, ukuhlolwa kwengqondo okwenziwa kwizigulane ngexesha leentloko ze-cluster, abaphandi baqaphela umsebenzi ongaqhelekanga kwi-hypothalamus. 
• Ukucetyiswa rhoqo kuyafuneka kwizigulana ezinentloko ebuhlungu njengoko zinokuhlakulela utyekelo lokuzibulala (ngenxa yeentlungu ezibuhlungu kunye nokubetha).   

c. IMigraines

Iimpawu ze migraines ziquka oku kulandelayo:

• Iphakathi ukuya kwiintlungu ezinzima kwaye kwezinye iimeko ukubetha okanye ukubethelwa kweentlungu
• Iintlungu ezihlala phakathi kweeyure ezine ukuya kwiintsuku ezintathu
• Isihlunu okanye ukuhlanza
• Ukuvakalelwa kukukhanya, ingxolo, okanye ivumba
• Ukuphazamiseka kwesisu okanye intlungu zesisu

1. Intloko yesibini

a. Iintloko zeSinus

Iimpawu zentloko ye-sinus ziquka oku kulandelayo:

• Fever 
• Incasa embi emlonyeni
• Ukudumba kobuso
• Intlungu enzulu, engapheliyo kwi-cheekbones kunye nebunzi
• Imvakalelo yokuzala ezindlebeni
• Iintlungu eziye ziba mbi ngakumbi xa intloko ishukuma okanye ukutsala nzima

b. Amayeza asetyenziswa ngokugqithiseleyo iintloko

Iimpawu zokusebenzisa kakubi amayeza entloko ziquka oku kulandelayo:

• I sizathu
• Ukungabi naso
• Unzima ukugxila
• Iingxaki zeMemori 
• Ukunyuka rhoqo kweentloko
• Iintlungu ezibi ngakumbi kusasa

c. Ukuduma kwentloko

Iimpawu zentloko yendudumo ziquka:

• Ubungqina
• Ubuthathaka
• Iingxaki zokuthetha
• Isihlunu okanye ukuhlanza
• Ukuxhamla
• Utshintsho kumbono
• Ukudideka
• Utshintsho kwimvakalelo

3. Rebound Headaches

Bavusa isigulane ngexesha lokulala kwiiyure zakuqala. Ngaloo ndlela, iintloko zivela phantse yonke imihla. Zinokuthotywa zizidambisi-ntlungu, kodwa intloko iphinda iphindeke njengoko iyeza liphela. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo kunye neempawu ezibonwayo zezi:

• I sizathu
• Ukungabi naso
• Ukutshatyalaliswa
• Ubunzima ekugxininiseni
• Iingxaki zeMemori

Abantu kufuneka bafune iingcebiso kugqirha wabo ukuba banazo ezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• Ukuba intloko ebuhlungu yenziwa mandundu kukukhohlela, ukugoba, ukuzibhokoxa, okanye ukwenza ngokwesondo.
• Ukuba idibene nomkhuhlane kunye nokuqina kwentamo, ukuhlanza okanye isicaphucaphu, ukuxhuzula, kunye nokutshintsha kwentetho kunye nokuziphatha.
• Ukuba inxulumene naluphi na umonzakalo wamva nje okanye ukwenzakala
• Ukuba iyazingisa kwaye ichaphazela umgangatho wobomi
• Ukuba intloko ibuhlungu nangona kusetyenziswa amayeza

Ukuxilongwa kweentloko

Intloko ebuhlungu ifunyaniswa kuphela emva kokufumana imbali yesigulane eneenkcukacha. Ugqirha unokubuza imibuzo malunga ne

• Ubude kunye nomgangatho weentlungu
• Nokuba kukhatshwa sisicaphucaphu okanye ukugabha kunye
• Indawo yentlungu kunye nezinye iimpawu ezinxulumene nazo

Ukuxilongwa kweentloko eziphambili

1. Intloko intloko: Ukuxilongwa kwentloko yoxinzelelo lwenziwa xa izikhalazo zesigulane zentlungu zincinci ukuya kwimodareyitha, ziba nzima ngomsebenzi, kwaye zibekwe kumacala omabini entloko. Ngokuqhelekileyo, intlungu ayigxininisi kwiintlungu kwaye isenokungadibanisi neempawu ezifana novakalelo lokukhanya, isandi, ivumba lentengiso, ukugabha okanye isicaphucaphu. Uvavanyo lwemithambo-luvo luqhele ukwenziwa, kwaye iziphumo zisoloko ziqhelekile. Xa uxinzelelo lusetyenziswa kwi-scalp okanye imisipha yentamo, ububele obuthile bunokubonwa.
2. Intloko yeentloko: Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa emva kokufumana imbali yesigulane kunye nenkcazo yeentlungu zentlungu. Ngethuba lokuhlaselwa kwale ntloko, ubomvu kunye nokuvuvukala kweso kwicala elichaphazelekayo kunokubonwa. Impumlo kwicala elichaphazelekayo ingaba ne-runny okanye ixinana.

Ukuxilongwa kweentloko zesibini

 Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa ngokusekelwe kwimbali yesigulane elandelwa luhlolo lomzimba. Uvavanyo lwelebhu kunye neradiyoloji lunokwenziwa. Ukuba intloko yentloko ibangelwa ngenxa yezifo ezithintekayo okanye izifo, ngoko ugqirha unokugqiba isigqibo sokuqala unyango nangaphambi kokuba ukuxilongwa kuqinisekiswe.

Uphando lweLebhu lubandakanya

• CBC (Uvavanyo lweGazi): Ukunyuka kwinani legazi elimhlophe, i-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), okanye i-C-reactive protein (CRP) ibonakala xa usulelo okanye ukuvuvukala emzimbeni kubonwa.

• Iimvavanyo zeToxicology: Isenokuba luncedo kwizigulana ezirhanelwa ukusebenzisa kakubi utywala, ezinye iziyobisi zokusetyenziswa kakubi okanye amayeza kagqirha.

• I-CT Scan (ikhompyutha yetomography): Isetyenziselwa ukubona ukudumba, ukopha kunye, amanye amathumba ngaphakathi kokakayi kunye nengqondo kunye ne-aneurysms.

• MRI (imagnetic resonance imaging) yentloko ibonisa i-anatomy yobuchopho kunye namaleko agquma ubuchopho kunye nentambo yomgogodla.

• Ukubanjwa kweLumbar i-spinal tap yenziwa kwiimeko ezikrokrelwa nge-meningitis.
• EEG luncedo kuphela xa isigulane sidlula ngexesha lentloko.

Imiba yomngcipheko weentloko

Imiba eqhelekileyo yengozi yentloko zezi:

• ukudakumba
• Ukuxhalabisa
• Ukwabelana ngesondo kwabasetyhini
• Ukuphazamiseka kokulala
• yayirhona
• ukutyeba
• Ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwecaffeine
• Ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kweepilisi zentlungu ngenxa yentlokoIimeko zeentlungu ezingapheliyo

• Intloko intloko: Ezi zinto zisemngciphekweni zibangelwa kukuqiniswa kwezihlunu entanyeni njengamazinyo kunye nokusila, ixhala, ukudandatheka, ukuhlafuna itshungama ebantwaneni, i-spondylosis, okanye isifo samathambo entanyeni kunye nokutyeba. Ukuxinezeleka ngokweemvakalelo, umsindo, ukudinwa, ukutshaya, umsebenzi omncinci womzimba, kunye nokuphazamiseka kokulala zezinye izinto ezinobungozi.

• Migraine: Ingxolo engxolayo okanye yequbuliso, ubuthongo obuphazamisayo, iziganeko ezingokweemvakalelo, ukungatyi ukutya, ukusebenzisa utywala ngokugqithisileyo, kunye nokuxhoma. Iimveliso zokutya ezifana neetshizi ezindala, ukutya okuvundisiweyo okanye okuvundiweyo, itshokolethi, kunye nokutya okucutshungulweyo. Ezinye izinto ezinobungozi ziquka amayeza afana neepilisi zokulawula ukuzalwa, utshintsho ngexesha lokuya exesheni, izibane ezikhanyayo, iziqholo, kunye nevumba.

• ICluster Headaches: Owona mngcipheko mkhulu kukutshaya njengoko olu hlobo luhlala lubonwa kwiintshayi. Omnye umngcipheko kukulimala kwentloko.

• Intloko yeSinus: Kwezi ntloko zibuhlungu, izinto ezinkulu ezinobungozi zibandakanya ukungahambi kakuhle komzimba, usulelo oluqhubekayo lwendlebe kunye neempumlo, ukukhubazeka kweempumlo, iipolyps ngeempumlo, ukuphambuka kweseptum yempumlo, utyando lwangaphambili lwe-sinus, kunye nenkqubo yokuzikhusela komzimba ebuthathaka.

 

Uthini umahluko phakathi kwe-migraine kunye nentloko?

Zombini ezi meko zichaphazela intloko nentamo amalungu omzimba; imeko nganye ineseti yayo yeempawu:

	Migraine	intloko ebuhlungu
Indawo	Idla ngokuchaphazela inxalenye enye yentloko	Ichaphazela intloko, emva kwamehlo, amagxa kunye nentamo
Iimpawu zokuqala	Intlungu Uvakalelo kukukhanya, izandi eziphezulu, namavumba anamandla Ubuhlungu buyanda ngokusebenza ngokomzimba	Uxinzelelo luvakala emagxeni, entanyeni, nasentloko
Ukukhula	Ngokuthelekiswa ngaphantsi kweentloko	Ixhaphake kakhulu

 

isiphelo

Intloko ebuhlungu ichaphazela phantse wonke umntu, kwaye izizathu zentloko zininzi. Ngelixa uninzi lweentloko ezibuhlungu ziqhele ukuzihambela ngokwazo, ngamayeza asekhaya, okanye ngokusebenzisa amayeza angaphaya kwekhawuntara. Kodwa iintloko ezingapheliyo kufuneka zihlolwe ngugqirha, njengoko zinokubonisa ubukho besinye isiphazamiso. 

Ukuxilongwa kweentloko

Intloko ebuhlungu ifunyaniswa kuphela emva kokufumana imbali yesigulane eneenkcukacha. Ugqirha unokubuza imibuzo malunga ne

• Ubude kunye nomgangatho weentlungu
• Nokuba kukhatshwa sisicaphucaphu okanye ukugabha kunye
• Indawo yentlungu kunye nezinye iimpawu ezinxulumene nazo

Ukuxilongwa kweentloko eziphambili

• Intloko intloko: Ukuxilongwa kwentloko yoxinzelelo lwenziwa xa izikhalazo zesigulane zentlungu zincinci ukuya kwimodareyitha, ziba nzima ngomsebenzi, kwaye zibekwe kumacala omabini entloko. Ngokuqhelekileyo, intlungu ayigxininisi kwiintlungu kwaye isenokungadibanisi neempawu ezifana novakalelo lokukhanya, isandi, ivumba lentengiso, ukugabha okanye isicaphucaphu. Uvavanyo lwemithambo-luvo luqhele ukwenziwa, kwaye iziphumo zisoloko ziqhelekile. Xa uxinzelelo lusetyenziswa kwi-scalp okanye imisipha yentamo, ububele obuthile bunokubonwa.
• Intloko yeentloko: Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa emva kokufumana imbali yesigulane kunye nenkcazo yeentlungu zentlungu. Ngethuba lokuhlaselwa kwale ntloko, ubomvu kunye nokuvuvukala kweso kwicala elichaphazelekayo kunokubonwa. Impumlo kwicala elichaphazelekayo ingaba ne-runny okanye ixinana.

Ukuxilongwa kweentloko zesibini

 Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa ngokusekelwe kwimbali yesigulane elandelwa luhlolo lomzimba. Uvavanyo lwelebhu kunye neradiyoloji lunokwenziwa. Ukuba intloko yentloko ibangelwa ngenxa yezifo ezithintekayo okanye izifo, ngoko ugqirha unokugqiba isigqibo sokuqala unyango nangaphambi kokuba ukuxilongwa kuqinisekiswe.

Uphando lweLebhu lubandakanya

• CBC (Uvavanyo lweGazi): Ukunyuka kwinani legazi elimhlophe, i-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), okanye i-C-reactive protein (CRP) ibonakala xa usulelo okanye ukuvuvukala emzimbeni kubonwa.

• Iimvavanyo zeToxicology: Isenokuba luncedo kwizigulana ezirhanelwa ukusebenzisa kakubi utywala, ezinye iziyobisi zokusetyenziswa kakubi okanye amayeza kagqirha.

• I-CT Scan (ikhompyutha yetomography): Isetyenziselwa ukubona ukudumba, ukopha kunye, amanye amathumba ngaphakathi kokakayi kunye nengqondo kunye ne-aneurysms.

• MRI (imagnetic resonance imaging) yentloko ibonisa i-anatomy yobuchopho kunye namaleko agquma ubuchopho kunye nentambo yomgogodla.

• Ukubanjwa kweLumbar i-spinal tap yenziwa kwiimeko ezikrokrelwa nge-meningitis.

• EEG luncedo kuphela xa isigulane sidlula ngexesha lentloko.

 

Unyango lwentlokos

Ulungiso lwenyama

Intloko intloko

Ulawulo loxinzelelo lunokusetyenziselwa ukunyanga intloko ebuhlungu.

Amayeza angaphaya kwe-counter kufuneka asetyenziswe ngononophelo kwaye acetyiswa ukuba athathwe kuphela xa ugqirha wakho echaza amayeza. Amanye amayeza ekhawuntara aneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. I-Aspirin yandisa umngcipheko we-Reye's syndrome kwaye akufanele isetyenziswe kulutsha kunye nabantwana. Umonakalo wezintso unokubangelwa kukusetyenziswa kakhulu kwe-aspirin, ibuprofen, kunye ne-naproxen. Ukuba i-acetaminophen ithathwa ngamadosi amakhulu, inokubangela ukonakala kwesibindi okanye ukungaphumeleli.

Xa amayeza okuthomalalisa iintlungu asetyenziswa ixesha elide, intloko ebuhlungu inokuphinda ivele xa iyeza liphela. Olu hlobo lwentloko lwalubizwa ngokuba "intloko ebuhlungu," kwaye ihlelwa njengentloko yesibini.

Intloko yeentloko

Ukunyangwa kwentloko ye-cluster kujoliswe ekulawuleni intlungu yentloko kunye nokuthintela iziqendu zentloko ezilandela. Abanayo iprotocol ecacileyo yonyango kwaye ugqirha wakho unokucebisa iindlela ezininzi zonyango ngaphambi kokuba unyango oluthile luqinisekiswe.

Olunye uKhetho loNyango lokuNyanga Intloko

• Uxinzelelo oluphezulu lweoksijini luyaphefumlelwa,
• Ukutshiza i-anesthetic yendawo (i-lidocaine) kwimpumlo,
• Ukusebenzisa amayeza afana ne-dihydroergotamine (iyeza elibangela ukuxinana kwemithambo yegazi)
• Isitofu se-sumatriptan kunye ne-rizatriptan (amayeza e-triptan) asetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwi-migraine kunye,
• Iziyobisi ezinecaffeine,
• Iziyobisi ezifana ne-calcium channel blockers, i-prednisone, i-lithium kunye neyeza zokulwa ne-anti-seizure (i-valproic acid kunye ne-topiramate) inokuthintela iintloko zentloko.

Unyango lwasekhaya

Zisenokusetyenziswa kwakhona ekunyangeni intloko ebuhlungu.

Ukuhlala unamanzi kwaye ulale ngokwaneleyo kunceda kwiintloko ezibuhlungu.

Ukuhlikihla okanye ukuphulula izihlunu zomqolo kunye neetempile kunokuphelisa intloko ebuhlungu.

Umoya wokufuma unokuba luncedo (kwiingxaki ze-sinus).

Education

Kubandakanya ukuchonga izinto ezibangela kunye nobude bentloko yakho. Izizathu ezongezelelweyo ezifana nokutya ukutya okuthile, ukuba ne-caffeine, ukungabi nakutya okufanelekileyo ngamaxesha aqhelekileyo kunye neepateni zoxinzelelo kufuneka zichongwe ukunyanga intloko.

Ulawulo lweengxaki

Isizathu soxinzelelo olubangela intloko kufuneka ichongwe kwaye iphathwe ngokufanelekileyo. Ukuziqhelanisa nokuphefumla nzulu, ukuphumla kwezihlunu okuqhubekayo kunye nokuphumla kumculo kunokuphelisa uxinzelelo kunye nentloko.

Ukucebisa

Ubuchule bokuhlangabezana nonyango olunjengonyango lweqela, enye kwiiseshoni enye kunye neengcebiso zingathathwa ukuchonga izinto ezinobungozi ezibangela intloko.

Biofeedback

Sisixhobo esibandakanya izinzwa eziqhagamshelwe emzimbeni wakho. Isixhobo sivavanya impendulo engabonakaliyo yomzimba (ukusabela ngokomzimba komzimba kwiimeko ezixinzelelekileyo ezibangela intloko) kwiintloko ezifana nokuphefumla, ukubetha kwentliziyo, i-pulse, umsebenzi wengqondo kunye noxinzelelo lwemisipha.

Incwadi Ukutyunjwa

Ukuthintelwa kweentloko

Intloko inokuthintelwa ngokuthatha amanyathelo okhuseleko afana

• Ziphephe izinto ezibangela umdla njengokusebenza kanzima komzimba, uxinzelelo, kunye nokutya okuthile (inyama etshayiweyo).
• Thatha amayeza amiselweyo ngexesha elifanelekileyo (Musa ukusebenzisa kakubi amayeza kwaye ungathathi ngaphantsi kwe-dosage emiselweyo)
• Iintloko ezibuhlungu zeCluster azinakuthintelwa kodwa zinokuncitshiswa ngotshintsho lwendlela yokuphila njengokuphepha utywala kunye nokutshaya.
• Yenza umthambo rhoqo (unokunciphisa uxinzelelo kunye neentlungu)
• Gcina imikhwa emihle yokulala (ipateni yokulala rhoqo ibalulekile ekunciphiseni umngcipheko wentloko).
• Yeka ukutshaya kwaye unciphise umzimba ukunciphisa umngcipheko wentloko ebuhlungu.
• Qhagamshelana nogqirha ukuba kukho utshintsho kwipatheni yentloko.

Yintoni Ebangela Intloko?

Imibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo (FAQs)

• Ivakala njani intloko ye-COVID? 

Iintloko ze-COVID zahluke kancinane kwiintloko ezibangelwa zezinye iimeko. Ziye zithande ukubetha ngamandla, zenzeke kumacala omabini entloko kwaye ziyakwazi ukumelana neentlungu. 

• Ungatya ntoni ukunqanda intloko ebuhlungu? 

Ukutya imifuno enamagqabi kunye namantongomane kwaziwa ngokunciphisa kunye nokuyeka iintloko.

• Loluphi uhlobo lweentloko ezibuhlungu? 

Intloko eqaqanjelwa kakhulu neentlungu ezibangela umkhuhlane iyingozi, yaye kufuneka ijongwe ngugqirha kwangethuba. 

 

• Yeyiphi eyona ntloko ibuhlungu kakhulu?

Iintloko zeCluster zaziwa njengezona ntloko zibuhlungu kakhulu kwihlabathi.