Te Koronokoropiko: Ngā Mea e Whakaatuhia ana e te Whakamātautau, Me Pēhea te Whakarite, me Ngā Mea Kāore e Taea te Whakakore

Take take

• Ka tirohia, ka rongoātia hoki e te colonoscopy, ka taea te tango i ngā polyp me te tango tauira kiko i te wā o te tukanga kotahi.
• Ko te kounga o te koroni e whakawhirinaki ana ki te whakaritenga o te whekau; ka taea e te whakaritenga ngoikore te huna i ngā whara papatahi, ā, ko te tikanga pea me mahi anō te whakamātautau.
• Kāore te colonoscopy noa e whakakore i te mate kei waho i te whekau nui, ā, kāore e kitea ngā whara katoa.
• Ka tae te koroni ki ngā wāhanga o te whekau kāore e taea e te sigmoidoscopy me ngā whakamātautau tūtae te tae atu, engari ehara i te mea koinei tonu te whakamātautau tuatahi tika mō ia tohu.
• Ka rerekē ngā hua i runga i ngā āhuatanga haumanu takitahi, ā, me whakamārama e te tākuta nāna i tono te tikanga.

I te titiro

E mohiotia ano ko

• Te tirotiro i te taha raro o te GI
• Te whakamātautau i te endoscopy o te whekau nui / te kāmera o te whekau nui
• Whakamātautau kāmera koroni, "tirohanga koroni"
• Bade aant ki janch (whakamātautau whekau nui)
• E pā ana engari he rerekē: sigmoidoscopy, proctoscopy, endoscopy GI o runga (gastroscopy)

He aha te colonoscopy

He ngongo ngāwari te koronioscope, he rite te matotoru ki te maihao, e mau ana te mārama, te kāmera me ngā awa e taea ai te haere o te hau, te hauhā waro rānei, te wai me ngā taputapu. Ka nekehia e te endoscopist te koronioscope mai i te rectum ki te caecum, kātahi ka āta tirohia te arai i a ia e tangohia ana. Ka puta ngā whakaahua ki te mata tirotiro, ā, ka tuhia.

Nā te mea ka taea te tuku taputapu mā roto i te tirohanga, he mea tātaritanga, he mea rongoā hoki te colonoscopy. Ka taea te tango, te tango rānei i ngā polyp, ka taea te tapahi, te tahu rānei i ngā pūwāhi toto iti, ka taea te tango i ngā biopsy mai i ngā wāhi mumura, whakapae rānei, ā, i ētahi wā ka taea te whakawhānui, te tāpiri rānei i ngā wāhanga whaiti.

He aha i mahia ai te colonoscopy

• Pato: te toto e kitea ana i te tuara, te toto e konatunatua ana ki te tūtae, te toto ngoikore rānei i te rino, kāore hoki he take mārama.
• Te huringa o te whanonga puku: te mate korere hou tonu, te mate kōroke, te whaiti rānei o te rahi o te tūtae.
• Te kimi me te tango i ngā polyp: Mā te tango i ngā polyp adenomatous ka whakaiti i te mōrearea o te mate pukupuku colorectal, ahakoa kāore e whakakorea.
• Te tirotiro me te aroturuki i te mate pukupuku repeure: i roto i ngā rōpū mōrearea-waenga me ngā rōpū mōrearea-nui ake, ā, i muri i ngā polyp, i te mate pukupuku rānei o mua.
• Te mate whekau mumura: te tātaritanga me te mahere i te mate puku ulcerative me te mate a Crohn, te aromatawai i te whakaora, me te aroturukitanga o te dysplasia i roto i te mate puku roa.
• Te mamae puku roa, te ngaronga taumaha rānei, kāore i te mārama te take mēnā e whakapaetia ana te mate puku.
• Te whai i te whakaahua rerekē, te whakamātautau tūtae pai rānei pērā i te toto huna o te tūtae, i te whakamātautau ārai mate rānei o te tūtae.
• Te whakapae mō te mate pūmau: i Īnia, he mea nui ngā whakaaro mō te mate kohi puku me te mate amoebic colitis, ā, he maha ngā wā ka hiahiatia he koiora hei wehewehe i te mate kohi puku mai i te mate a Crohn.

Ko wai me whakaaro ki te colonoscopy

• Mō ngā pakeke e toto ana te toto i te pūkahukahu, he toto toto koretake nā te korenga o te rino kāore i te whakamāramatia, he huringa puku pumau kāore i te whakamāramatia rānei, ka whakawhirinaki te whakamātautau motuhake me te wā e tika ana ki te tau me ngā tohu.
• Ngā tāngata e tika ana kia tirotirohia mō te mate pukupuku koroni. Ko te tikanga, ka tīmata te tirotiro mōrearea-tau toharite i waenganui o te 40 tau te pakeke e ngā aratohu o te ao; kāore he kaupapa tirotiro taupori whānui a Īnia, nō reira ka whakaritea te tirotiro takitahi i muri i te matapakinga o te hītori whānau me te mōrearea.
• Ko te hunga he whanaunga tuatahi tō rātou kua pāngia e te mate pukupuku koroni, e ngā polyp kua whanake haere rānei, ā, ko te tikanga me tirotiro wawe ake, me tirotiro auau ake hoki.
• Ko te hunga e mōhiotia ana, e whakapaetia ana rānei he mate tuku iho pērā i te Lynch syndrome, te familial adenomatous polyposis rānei, e whai ana i ngā kaupapa aroturuki kua whakaritea.
• Ko te hunga kua roa e pāngia ana e te mate puku ulcerative, te mate puku Crohn rānei, me aroturukitia te dysplasia.
• Ngā tāngata he pai te hua o te whakamātautau tirotiro tūtae.

Ehara te colonoscopy i te whakamātautau tika mō te katoa. Ko te hunga ngoikore, ko te hunga he mate manawa nui, ko te hunga rānei kāore pea e rerekē te whakahaere i roto i te tirotiro katoa, tera pea ka pai ake mā te tirotiro iti, te CT colonography rānei. Mā tō tākuta puku koe e whakatau.

Ngā mea kāore e taea e te colonoscopy te kite, te whakakore rānei

• Kāore e tirotirohia te whekau iti ki tua atu i ngā henimita whakamutunga o te ileum. Kāore pea e kitea te toto o te whekau iti, te mate a Crohn rānei i te tihi ake; me whai capsule endoscopy, enteroscopy, MR enterography rānei.
• Kāore e tirotirohia te puku, te korokoro rānei. Tērā pea e hiahiatia he tirotiro endoscopic o te gastrointestinal o runga mēnā he toto iti, he toto rānei te toto.
• Ka titiro ki te arai, kaua ki ngā paparanga i tua atu. Mēnā kei te hiahiatia he CT, he MRI, he ultrasound endoscopic rānei, ka kitea te hōhonutanga o te whakaekenga o te puku, ngā kōpū lymph me te horapa.
• Ka taea te ngaro i ngā whara. Ko ngā whara papatahi me te taha matau, ngā whara i muri i ngā kopa, me ngā whara e hunaia ana e te paru toenga, koinei ngā take noa. Ka puta pea ngā mate pukupuku ā-wā i muri i te tirotiro koroni noa, nō reira kaua e pānuihia he pūrongo tirotiro koroni hei taurangi.
• Kāore i te tino oti te tirotiro i te koroni, engari i te tirotiro i te koroni katoa. Mena kāore i taea te tae atu ki te caecum nā te piko piri, te piri, te whaiti, te mamae rānei, kāore anō kia aromatawaitia te wāhanga kāore anō kia tirohia.
• Kāore e taea te tautuhi tika i ngā mate puku mahi. He tātaritanga haumanu te mate puku puku puku irritable; ko te nuinga o te wā, ka āwhina te colonoscopy ki te kimi i ētahi atu take hanganga, mumura rānei.
• Ko te tikanga o te "Kāore he āhuatanga rerekē i kitea" kāore he āhuatanga rerekē i kitea: ehara i te mea he mate kua tangohia atu. Ki te haere tonu ō tohu, ka puta anō te toto, ka puta anō rānei ngā tohu hou ahakoa te tirotiro toto noa, me hoki atu ki tō tākuta, kaua e whakaaro kua ea te raruraru.

Ngā whakamātautau e pā ana engari he rerekē

Kāore ēnei i te whakarōpūtia mai i te kino rawa ki te pai rawa. He rerekē ngā pātai e whakautua ana e rātou. Ko tēhea te mea tuatahi, kei runga i te raruraru haumanu, ko te toto e kitea ana i te pūkahukahu i roto i te kaumātua, ko te tangata kāore he tohu e tika ana kia tirotirohia, me te whakapaetia he proctitis, he āhuatanga rerekē e toru me ngā tīmatanga whai hua e toru.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō te colonoscopy

He rerekē ngā tikanga whakarite i waenga i ngā hōhipera me ngā wāhanga endoscopy, ā, e whakawhirinaki ana ki te hua horoi puku i whakamahia, te wā o tō wā tirotiro me tō hītori hauora. Ko ngā tohutohu tuhituhi mai i te wāhanga e mahi ana i tō tikanga ka nui ake i ngā mea whānui ka pānuihia e koe i konei.

• Kaikai: Ko te nuinga o ngā wāhanga e kī ana kia kai i tētahi kai iti-ngā toenga kai (kāore e kai i ngā kākano, i ngā nati, i ngā hiako, i ngā witi katoa, i ngā huawhenua mata) mō ētahi rā, kātahi ka whakamāori i ngā wai mō tētahi wā kua tautuhia i mua i te tikanga.
• Wai horoi puku: I te nuinga o ngā tikanga, ka wehea te horopeta, ka tangohia tetahi wāhanga i te ahiahi i mua, ā, ka tangohia tetahi wāhanga i te ata o te tikanga. Whaia te nui me te wā tika e hoatu ana e tō waeine ki a koe.
• Wai: Ko ngā wai mārama ka whakaaetia kia tae rā anō ki tētahi wā kua whakaritea; he rerekē ngā waeine i roto i tō rātou tapahi whakamutunga.
• Ngā rongoā: Kōrerotia ki te tīma mō ngā rongoā whakaiti toto, ngā rongoā ārai-pereti, te insulin me ētahi atu rongoā mate huka, ngā papa rino, me ngā AYUSH, ngā tāpiringa otaota, ngā tāpiringa whare takaro rānei. Kaua e tīmata, e whakamutu, e whakarerekē rānei i tētahi rongoā kua tohua e koe, pātai atu ki te kaiwhakatakoto tohu, ki te tīma tirotiro hope rānei me aha koe.
• Te kaiārahi me te whakaaetanga: Ki te mea kei te whakamaheretia he rongoā whakamoe, whakaritea he pakeke whai kawenga hei hoa haere māu ki te kāinga. Kaua e taraiwa, e eke waka wira-rua, e whakahaere mīhini, e haina tuhinga ture rānei mō te toenga o te rā.

Te wa hapu

Ka mahia te colonoscopy i te wā e hapu ana mēnā e tika ana, me te kōrero tahi me te tīma whānau, me te aro nui ki te tūnga, te whiriwhiri i te rongoā whakamoe me te wā. Me arotake motuhake ngā hua whakarite puku me ngā nekehanga wai.

Nga tamariki me nga taiohi

Ko te whakamātautau koroni mō ngā tamariki ka whakamahi i te whakarite i runga i te taumaha, ā, ko te tikanga ka mahia i raro i te whakamoemoe i roto i te wāhi tamariki. Kaua rawa e whakamahia te nui o te whakarite mō ngā pakeke ki te tamaiti.

Te mate huka i runga i te rongoā whakaheke huka

He tino mōrearea te mate huka toto i te nohopuku me te whakarite puku. Ko te tikanga, me whakarerekē e te tākuta te wātaka rongoā whakaheke huka toto, me te aro turuki i te huka toto i te wā e whakarite ana. Pātai atu mō ngā tohutohu tuhituhi mārama.

Te mate tākihi mau tonu, te ngoikore o te ngākau me te herenga wai

Ka puta he panoni wai me te electrolyte i ngā whakaritenga whekau nui. Ko te hunga e pangia ana e te CKD matatau, te ngoikore o te ngākau, te cirrhosis me te ascites, te aukati wai rānei kua tohua, me whiriwhiri me te tirotirohia e tā rātou tākuta e rongoā ana. Ka karohia ngā whakaritenga kei roto he phosphate i roto i ēnei rōpū i roto i te maha o ngā waeine.

Nga pakeke

He nui ake te tūponotanga ka matewai, ka pōuri, ka hinga i te wā whakarite. He mea tika kia tirotirohia anō i te kāinga i te wā e whakarite ana, ā, he āta tupato te tango i te rongoā whakamoe.

Ngā rongoā whakaheke toto me ngā mate toto

Ka pāngia te mōrearea o te tango i ngā polyp e ngā rongoā ārai toto me ngā rongoā ārai toto, ā, he mōrearea anō hoki te whakamutu i aua rongoā. Ko te whakatau kei te tākuta ngakau, kei te tākuta rānei e tohu ana i te toto, me te endoscopist.

Ngā mea tāpiri, ngā taputapu whakatere me ētahi atu taputapu

Kōrerotia ki te tīma mō ngā taputapu whakatere, ngā taputapu whakangāwari irahiko me tetahi atu taputapu kua whakauruhia, nā te mea me whakarerekē pea ngā tautuhinga hiko whakangāwari.

He aha ngā mea ka tupu i te wā o te colonoscopy

• Tirohia koe: te whakaaetanga, te arotake mate pāwera me te rongoā, he cannula hei whakamoe, me te aroturuki i te manawa, te toto totoka me te mākū o te hāora.
• Whakatūnga: E takoto ana koe ki tō taha maui, me ō turi e tū ana ki runga, i roto i te kākahu.
• Whakamoemiti: ka tukuna mā roto i te uaua i te nuinga o te wā. He poto te wā whakamoe whānui mō ētahi tāngata; ka tukuna e ētahi wāhanga te tikanga me te kore he whakamoe.
• Te whakamātautau: Ka āta nekehia te colonoscope, ka whakamahia te hau hei whakatuwhera i te whekau. Ka tere ake te mimiti o te hauhā waro, ki te wātea, ā, he iti ake te pupuhi i te hau. He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia ngā huringa tūnga me te pēhanga o te puku hei whakatika i ngā piko.
• Terapipi: Ka tangohia ngā polyp mā te whakamahi i te mahanga, i te forceps rānei; ka tangohia ngā koiora i ngā wāhi e tika ana; ka taea te whakamahi i ngā topenga, i te cautery rānei hei whakamutu i te toto. Ka tukuna ngā tauira ki te histopathology.
• Whakaora: me aroturuki kia mutu rā anō te moe, kātahi ka hoatu he wai me he kai māmā mēnā e whakaaetia ana. He mea noa te pupuhi me te whakaputa hau mō ētahi haora.

Kia pēhea te roa o te tukanga

• Te faaineineraa: ka kapi i te rā i mua me te ata o te tikanga, i runga i te tikanga.
• Mahinga: e 20-45 meneti te roa; he roa ake mēnā he maha, he uaua rānei ngā polyp.
• Te whakaoranga i muri i te whakamoe: te nuinga o te wā kotahi ki te torutoru hāora i roto i te wāhanga.
• Katoa te ra: whakamahere kia kaua e mahi mō te rā o te mahi, me tētahi wāhanga o te rā i mua atu.
• Te Histopathology: ka roa ake ngā rā; he tuhinga motuhake ngā kitenga o te endoscopy me te pūrongo koiora.

Te mārama ki tō pūrongo colonoscopy

I te nuinga o te wā, ka tuhia e te pūrongo endoscopy te tawhiti i tae atu ai te tirotiro, te pai o te whakaritenga o te puku, ngā mea i kitea, ngā mea i mahia, me ngā tohutohu mō te whai i muri mai. He rite te hiranga o ēnei taipitopito ki te kitenga matua.

• Whānuitanga: Ko te tikanga o te "whakaurunga ngongo caecal kua tutuki" kua tae katoa te koroni. Ki te kore, me whakaatu e te pūrongo te tawhiti i tae atu ai te whakamātautau.
• Te kounga o te whakarite: he maha ngā wā ka tātaitia mā te whakaahuatanga, mā te tauine rānei. Mā te kore whakarite pai ka whakaitihia te whakapono ki te hua, ā, ka tere ake pea te tukurua.
• Te kiriuhi mucous noa: kāore he rerekētanga e kitea ana i roto i ngā wāhanga i tirohia.
• Polyps: e whakaahuatia ana e te maha, te rahi, te wāhi me te āhua. Ko te hiranga o te polyp e whakawhirinaki ana ki tōna histology, hyperplastic, adenomatous, serrated, e taea anake te kī atu mā te pūrongo koiora.
• Te mumura, te mate pukupuku, te horo rānei: he tauira, ehara i te tautuhi mate. Me whai koiora me te hononga haumanu hei wehewehe i te mate puku ulcerative, te mate a Crohn, te mate puku pangia, te mate kohi puku, te mate puku ischaemic me te whara e pā ana ki te rongoā.
• Te diverticulosis: ngā pēke i roto i te pakitara o te koroni, he mea noa i te koroheketanga, ā, he maha ngā wā ka tūpono noa iho.
• Ngā pukupuku: he maha ngā pūrongo, ā, ehara i te mea koinei te take o ngā tohu nui; me tirotiro tonu te toenga o te whekau ki te toto.
• Papatipu, whakawhāiti rānei: Ka whakaahuahia he whara whakapae, ā, ka tangohia he pūtau koiora. Ehara te tirohanga i te tātaritanga mate pukupuku kia whakaūtia rā anō e te histopathology.

He āhua takitahi te whakaahuatanga o te kaha o te koroni, ā, he rerekē i waenga i ngā tākuta tirotiro. Kaua e whakatauria tō ake matapae mai i ngā kupu āhua i roto i te pūrongo. Mā te tākuta i tono te tikanga e whakamārama me ō tohumate, ngā whakamātautau toto, te whakaahua me te histopathology.

Ina he te āhua o ngā hua o te colonoscopy

Ngā kitenga kāore pea i te pono (kāore i kitea, kāore rānei i te mōhiotia he mate)

• Te kore e ranea te whakarite o te whekau e huna ana i ngā whara papatahi, iti rānei.
• He whakamātautau kāore i oti, ā, kāore i taea te tae atu ki te koroni matau.
• He tere te tango, nō reira kāore i te tino āta tirotirohia te arai.
• He whara papatahi, he nikau, he taha matau rānei, he uaua ake te kite.
• He mate kei waho o te koroni, te whekau iti, te puku, te repe taiaki, te tirotiro wahine, te tirotiro mimi rānei, e kore rawa e kitea i roto i te tirotiro koroni.
• He mate a Crohn kāore i te tino kitea, he mumura tōmua rānei e āhua noa ana ki te mata engari ka kitea ngā huringa i roto i te koiora.

Ngā kitenga ka whakanui rawa i te mate

• Te whero e pā ana ki te whakaritenga, te whara rānei mai i te whānuitanga, e rite ana ki te mumura.
• Nā te whakamahinga o ngā NSAID i ēnei wā tata nei i puta ai ngā horo, ngā mate pukupuku rānei, kāore e pā ana ki te mate mumura o te whekau.
• Ko ngā pukupuku nui, ko ngā tohu rānei o ngā oko toto e kitea nuitia ana, kua nui rawa te whakamāramatanga hei pūtake toto.
• Te hyperplasia lymphoid i roto i ngā tamariki me ngā taiohi, he momo noa.
• Ngā kopikopiko pai mai i te mumura kua ora, te ischemia, te pokanga o mua rānei e pohehetia ana he pukupuku kia mārama rā anō te koiora.

Ngā mōrearea me te haumaru

He whānuitia te mahi colonoscopy, ā, he onge ngā raruraru nui, engari he tūturu, ā, kāore te mōrearea i te ōrite mō ia momo tikanga. Ka whakawhirinaki te mōrearea ki te tau, ki ngā mate tāpiri, ki te rongoā whakamoe, me te mea i mahia te rongoā.

Te tirotiro i te koroni me te kore he rongoā

He mea noa te pupuhi, te kōpiripiri me te mamae poto. He mea onge te pakaru me te toto nui i roto i ngā whakamātautau tātaritanga anake.

Ko te koroni me te polypectomy, te tango rānei i te rongoā

Mā te tango i ngā polyp ka nui ake te mōrearea o te toto, ka puta pea i muri i ētahi rā, ā, ka nui ake te mōrearea o te poka i te whakamātautau tātaritanga anake. He nui ake te mōrearea o ngā whara nui ake, te tango wāhanga me te tango endoscopic mucosal, submucosal rānei, ā, ka poto pea te noho hōhipera.

Te whakamoe me te whakangote

Ko ngā mōrearea ko te toto toto iti, te iti o te hāora, te pōuri o te manawa, ā, i ētahi wā, ko te mimiti i te manawa, ngā mate ngakau rānei. Ko te hunga e pāngia ana e te mate moe, te mate ngakau nui, te mate pūkahukahu rānei, te momona rānei, me aromatawai i mua i te tukanga whakamoe.

Te whakarite i te puku

Ka pā pea te matewai, te whakapairuaki, te ruaki me te raruraru o te electrolyte, nui atu i roto i ngā kaumātua me te hunga he mate tākihi, he mate ngākau, he mate ate rānei. He onge ngā mate haurangi mai i te raruraru nui o te electrolyte engari e pūrongohia ana.

He mea anō (kōrerohia mai he aha te horopaki)

He onge te mate urutā mēnā ka tika te tukatuka i ngā taputapu. Ka kitea te mate urutā i muri i te tango i te whēkau, te whara o te ate me ngā whara i ngaro, engari he onge. Ka rerekē ngā hua me ngā auau raruraru i runga i ngā āhuatanga haumanu takitahi.

Nga ahuatanga motuhake

Te wa hapu

Kāore e whakaaetia te tirotiro koroni mēnā kāore e hiahiatia ngā mōhiohio hei whakahaere wawe tonu. Ka tohaina ngā whakataunga ki waenganui i te tākuta puku, te tākuta whānau me te tākuta whakamoe, me te aro ki ngā rongoā whakamoe me te tūnga o te whaea.

tamariki

He rerekē ngā tohu i ērā o ngā pakeke, ā, kei roto ko te mate puku mumura, ngā mate polyposis me te toto mau tonu. Ko ngā karu tirotiro mō ngā tamariki, te whakamoe me te whakarite i runga i te taumaha te mea noa.

Nga pakeke

Ko te painga e whakawhirinaki ana ki te roanga o te ora me ngā mate tāpiri, me te tau hoki. Ko te manawanui ki te whakarite, te matewai, te hinga me te mōrearea o te moepuku, he mea nui katoa ki te whakatau, ā, he pai ake te tirotiro iti, te tango CT colonography rānei i ētahi wā.

Te mate huka i runga i te rongoā whakaheke huka

Ko te mōrearea nui ko te koretake o te huka toto i te wā e whakarite ana, e nohopuku ana hoki. He mea nui ngā tohutohu rongoā tuhituhi mai i te kaiwhakatakoto rongoā me te aroturukitanga huka toto i te kāinga i te wā e whakarite ana. He pai ake te wā whakarite i te atatu.

Te mate tākihi mau tonu me te ngoikore o te ngakau

Me whiriwhiri takitahi te whiriwhiri me te nui o te rongoā. Me karohia ētahi rongoā, ā, me whakamahi i ngā tikanga rongoā e tirotirohia ana, e whakarerekētia ana rānei mō te mate kua pāngia.

mate whēkau inflammatory

Ka whakamahia te colonoscopy hei tātaritanga, hei aromatawai i te whakaora mucosal me te aroturuki i te dysplasia i roto i te colitis roa e pāngia ana e te mate puku, he maha ngā wā ka whakamahia he rehu tae, he tikanga whakamārama-teitei rānei me ngā koiora maha.

Ngā pokanga puku, pelvic rānei o mua, ngā rongoā irahiko rānei o mua

Mā ngā piripono me ngā whakarerekētanga o te hanganga tinana ka uaua te tirotiro katoa, ā, ka nui ake pea te tūponotanga kāore anō kia oti te mahi.

Te tirotiro koroni i roto i te horopaki Inia

• He mea nui ake ngā mate urutā i konei. Ka taea e te mate kohi puku, te amoebiasis me ētahi atu mate pāwera te whai i te mate a Crohn. He maha ngā wā ka tangohia ngā koiora mō te histopathology, te tae waikawa-tere me te whakamātautau ngota hei wehewehe i tēnei, ā, i ētahi wā ka hiahiatia he colonoscopy anō i muri i te whakamātautau maimoatanga.
• He mea noa te kore toto, ā, he maha ngā take. He maha ngā wā ka pāngia te toto toto e te koretake o te rino i Inia e te kai totika, e te pirinoa rānei, ā, he whānui te āhua o te thalassemia. Kāore tēnei e whakakore i te hiahia ki te rapu i te pūtake o te toto i roto i te puku ina kitea he tohu haumanu.
• Kāore he kaupapa tirotiro ā-motu. Ko te whakamātautau mate pukupuku repeure i Inia he mea whai wāhitanga, he mea ārahi e te tākuta, kaua e ahu mai i te taupori, nō reira ko te whakatau ki te whakamātautau he mea takitahi, ā, e whakawhirinaki ana ki te hītori whānau me ngā āhuatanga mōrearea.
• He nui rawa te whakapae mō ngā pukupuku. He maha ngā wā ka pāngia te toto o te remu e te mate pukupuku, engari kāore e taea te kī he mate toto te take o te totohu, te ngaronga taumaha, te rerekētanga o te āhua o te puku, te toto rānei i roto i te kaumātua.
• Ngā tāpiringa me te rongoā-whaiaro. Ka taea e ngā rongoā otaota, AYUSH me ngā tāpiringa whare takaro tinana, me ngā NSAID me te nui rawa o te whakamahinga o ngā rongoā whakangote, te whara i te puku, i te ate rānei. Mauria mai he rārangi tika o ngā mea katoa e tangohia ana e koe.
• Te tūmataitinga o ngā raraunga. Kei roto i ngā whakaahua endoscopy, ngā pūrongo me ngā puka whakaritenga ipurangi, puka uiui rānei, ngā raraunga hauora whaiaro, e whakahaeretia ana i raro i te Ture Tiaki Raraunga Whaiaro Mamati, 2023.
• Te whanonga ngaio. Ko te whakaaetanga, te whakaaturanga o te mōrearea me te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero o ngā hua ka whakahaerea e ngā paerewa whanonga ngaio a te National Medical Commission.

Te utu me te inihua i Inia

He tino rerekē ngā utu mō te colonoscopy i Inia i waenga i ngā tāone, i waenga i ngā whare hauora kāwanatanga me ngā whare hauora tūmataiti, me waenga i te whakamātautau tātaritanga māmā me te whakamātautau e whai wāhi ana ki ngā polypectomies maha. Nā taua rerekētanga, kāore he tatauranga kotahi e whai tikanga ana; pātai atu ki te wāhanga mahi mō tētahi whakatau tata tuhituhi i mua i te tuhi pukapuka.

Ngā āhuatanga e whakarerekē ana i te utu:

• Ko te colonoscopy tātaritanga me te polypectomy, te tango i te mucosal, te whakawhānui, te stenting rānei.
• Te whakamoe me te whakamoe whānui, me te mea kei reira te kaimoe.
• Te maha o ngā tauira koiora me ngā utu histopathology, ka utua motuhaketia.
• Ngā rongoā mō te whakarite whekau, ngā taonga pau pērā i ngā mahanga, ngā topenga me ngā ngira werohanga.
• Te whakaurunga ki te tiaki tamariki me te whakaurunga ki te hōhipera, me te kāwai rūma.
• Te tāone, te taumata hōhipera, me te mea he whare kāwanatanga, he whare whakawhirinaki, he whare umanga rānei.
• Ngā whakamātautau i mua i te tikanga pēnei i te tatau toto, te kōtaha toto totoka, te ECG, te arotake rānei i te rongoā whakamoe.

Inihuarangi: ko te tirotiro puku e mahia ana hei maimoatanga tiaki tamariki mō tētahi mate kua tautuhia, kua whakapaetia rānei, ka hipokina e te maha o ngā kaupapa here inihua hauora Inia, engari he maha ngā wā ka kore e whakaurua ngā tikanga tirotiro, ārai rānei mō te tangata kāore he tohu. Ka whai mana katoa ngā wā tatari, ngā whakaritenga mate kua pā mai, ngā rārangi tiaki tamariki me ngā rohe iti. Ko ngā kaupapa kāwanatanga pēnei i a Ayushman Bharat PM-JAY e hipoki ana i ngā tāngata whai mana i ngā hōhipera kua whakapūmautia i raro i ngā mōkihi kua tautuhia. Whakaūtia te kapinga me te whakamanatanga mua ki tō kaiinihua, ki te tēpu inihua rānei o te hōhipera i mua i te tikanga.

Ngā pūrākau me ngā meka

Pātai auau

He mamae te colonoscopy?

Ko te nuinga o ngā colonoscopy ka mahia mā te whakamoe i roto i te uaua, ā, he iti noa te mahara o te tangata ki te tikanga. Ka tukuna e ētahi wāhanga te colonoscopy kāore i te whakamoe, ā, he uaua te mamae i te wā e hanga ana i te koropiko engari he poto noa iho. He mea noa te pupuhi me te hau i muri mai. Kōrero atu ki te tīma mēnā kua uaua tō whakamātautau i mua.

He aha te rerekētanga i waenga i te colonoscopy me te sigmoidoscopy?

Mā te sigmoidoscopy ngāwari ka tirohia te pūkahukahu me te koroni maui anake, me whakarite māmā ake, ā, he maha ngā wā kāore he whakamoe. Ka tirohia e te colonoscopy te whekau nui katoa tae atu ki te koroni matau, kāore e taea te tae atu ki te sigmoidoscopy. He pai te sigmoidoscopy mō te mate e whakapaetia ana kei te pūkahukahu, kei te taha maui rānei; kāore e whakakapi i te colonoscopy katoa ina hiahia kia aromatawaihia te koroni katoa.

Kia pehea te wa ka whiwhi au i aku hua?

I te nuinga o te wā ka whakamārama te tākuta tirotiro i ngā kitenga tirohanga i taua rā anō, ina mutu te moe, ā, ka tukuna he pūrongo tirotiro ā-tuhi. Ka roa ake te tirotiro i ngā pūtau i runga i ngā koiora, i ngā polyp rānei kua tangohia, ā, ka puta mai hei pūrongo motuhake. Ko ngā tohutohu whakamutunga mō ngā wā whai muri ka tatari mō taua hua tirotiro pūtau.

Ka taea e au te kai noa i muri i te colonoscopy?

I te nuinga o ngā whare hauora, ka whakaaetia he wai, kātahi ka kai māmā ina mutu te moe, ā, kua pai tō noho. Mena kua tangohia he polyp nui, kua whānui te stricture, kua whakapaetia rānei he raruraru, ka tohutohu pea te tīma i tētahi kai iti mō tētahi wā. Whāia ngā tohutohu tuku motuhake kua hoatu ki a koe.

A, mehemea kāore e taea te whakaoti i taku colonoscopy?

Ko te tikanga o te colonoscopy kāore i oti te tirotiro i tētahi wāhanga o te colon, nā te mea he porowhita, he piri, he whaiti, he koretake rānei te whakarite. Kāore anō kia arotakengia taua wāhanga. Ko ngā kōwhiringa ko te colonoscopy anō, i ētahi wā me tētahi tikanga rerekē, he rongoā whakangote rānei, te CT colonography rānei hei whakaahua i te puku kāore anō kia tirotirohia.

Kia pēhea te auau o te mahi colonoscopy?

Ko ngā wā whakatā ka whakawhirinaki ki te take i mahia ai te colonoscopy, te kounga o te whakamātautau, te hītori whānau, me te maha, te rahi me te histology o ngā polyps i tangohia. Ko te hunga he mate puku mumura, he mate tuku iho rānei, ka whai i ngā wā tirotiro motuhake. Ka whakaritea e tō tākuta gastroenterologist te wā whakatā i muri i te kitenga i te pūrongo histopathology.

Me mutu taku tango i te rongoā whakangawari toto i mua i te colonoscopy?

I ētahi wā, engari ehara i te mea nāu anake taua whakatau. He tūponotanga anō hoki te whakamutu i te rongoā anticoagulant, antiplatelet rānei, ki te toto toto, engari ka piki ake te tūponotanga o te toto mena ka tangohia ngā polyp. Pātai atu ki te tākuta me te tīma endoscopy i mua noa atu i tō wā whakarite, ā, whai i tā rātou mahere kua tuhia.

Ka taea e au te hoki ki te mahi i taua rā anō?

Mena i pāngia koe e te moe whakamoe, whakaritea kia okioki mō te toenga o te rā. Ka pāngia pea te whakaaro me ngā urupare mō ngā haora maha, nō reira karohia te taraiwa, te eke i tētahi waka wira-rua, te whakahaere mīhini, te haina rānei i ngā tuhinga nui. Ko te nuinga o te tangata ka hoki ki ngā mahi o ia rā i te rā e whai ake nei, ki te kore e hiahiatia he wā roa hei whakaora i tētahi tikanga whakaora.

He huarahi pai rānei te CT colonography?

Ka taea e te CT colonography te whakaatu i ngā whara hanganga, ā, he mea whai hua ina kore e oti te colonoscopy, he nui te mōrearea, he kore rānei e taea. Me whakarite tonu te puku, ka whakamahia te irahiko, ā, kāore e taea te tango i ngā koiora, te tango rānei i ngā polyp. Ko ngā kitenga nui i runga i te CT colonography ka arahi tonu ki te colonoscopy, nō reira he huarahi kē atu i roto i ngā āhuatanga motuhake kaua ki te whakakapi whānui.

Rauemi

• Te Whakahaere Hauora o te Ao / Te Tari Rangahau mō te Mate Pukupuku o te Ao, ngā tatauranga mate pukupuku koroni o GLOBOCAN me ngā pepa mōhiohio mō Īnia.
• Ngā pūrongo a te Kaunihera Rangahau Hauora o Īnia, te Kaupapa Rehita Mate Pukupuku ā-Motu.
• Te Rōpū Gastroenterology o Īnia, te tūnga me ngā tauākī whakaae mō te mahi tirotiro koroni me te wehewehe i te mate kohi puku mai i te mate a Crohn.
• Te Rōpū Amerikana mō te Endoscopy Gastrointestinal, ngā aratohu mō te whakarite whekau, te whakamoe, te whakahaere antithrombotic me te tirotiro i muri i te polypectomy.
• Te Rōpū o Peretānia mō te Gastroenterology / te Rōpū o Ūropi mō te Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, ngā paerewa kounga colonoscopy me ngā aratohu tirotiro.
• Ture Tiaki Raraunga Whaiaro Mamati, 2023 (Kāwanatanga o Īnia).
• Te Komihana Hauora ā-Motu, ngā ture whakahaere ngaio mō te whakaae me te whakaaturanga.