Mhinduro yakananga
Kuongororwa kweCT (computed tomography, kunonziwo CAT scan) kunoshandisa maX-ray akatorwa kubva kumativi akasiyana-siyana, akagadziriswazve nekombuta kuita mifananidzo yemapfupa, nhengo dzemuviri, mitsipa yeropa uye nyama yakapfava. CT inokurumidza uye yakadzama, uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya pakukuvara, sitiroko, chipfuva nedambudziko remudumbu. CT inoshandisa ionizing radiation uye haigone kupindura mibvunzo yese yekiriniki.
Key tora kutora
- CT bvunzo inoenderana nedambudziko. Nzira yekuskena, nzvimbo yemuviri uye kushandiswa kwekuenzanisa zvinosarudzwa pamubvunzo wekiriniki unobvunzwa.
- CT inoshandisa mwaranzi ye ionizing. Dosi yacho inoenderana nenzvimbo yakaskeniwa, huwandu hwematanho uye scanner; chikonzero uye kugona kwekushandisa dose zvakanaka zvinokosha, kunyanya kuvana uye mukuskeniwa kwakaitwa kakawanda.
- Kuongororwa kweCT hakurevi kuti hapana chakaipa. CT inogona kukundikana kuona chirwere chisati chatanga kana kuti chisina kuumbwa, uye mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu anoda MRI, ultrasound, endoscopy kana kuongororwa ropa pachinzvimbo.
- Kusiyana kwemaonero kunochinja zvinoonekwa neCT. Kusiyanisa kwemutsinga dzeropa neayodini kunobatsira kuongorora mitsipa yeropa, bundu, hutachiona uye kuzvimba, asi hazvishandiswi pakudzidza kwega kwega uye zvine zvazvinofanira kufunga nezvazvo.
- Mitemo yekugadzirira inoenderana nechikamu chimwe chete. Nguva dzekutsanya, nzira dzekusiyanisa zviratidzo uye mirairo yekugadzwa kwechiremba zvinosiyana zvichienderana nezvipatara nemaskena, mirairo yakanyorwa yeyuniti yako yemifananidzo ndiyo inonyanya kukosha.
Pakuona
| mamiriro | umboo |
|---|---|
| Chii ichocho | Kufungidzira kweX-ray kwakagadziriswazve nekombiyuta |
| Simba rinoshandiswa | Mwaranzi yeIonizing (X-rays) |
| Nzvimbo dzakajairika | Musoro, mutsipa, chipfuva, dumbu, chiuno, musana, makumbo, tsinga dzemwoyo, sinuses, nzira yeweti |
| Kusiyanisa | Inogona kunge yakapinzwa mutsinga (ine iodine), inonwiwa nemuromo, inotorwa netsvina, kana kusashandiswa, zvichienderana nemaitiro ekurapa. |
| Nguva yakajairika muskena | Kazhinji hazvitore nguva yakareba yekuongororwa kwenyaya yacho; nguva yacho yese inowanzotora maminetsi angangoita 15-45 kusanganisira kugadzirira. |
| Zvidzidzo zvezvikamu zvakawanda kana kuti zvakasiyana | Zvinogona kutora nguva yakareba, sezvo mifananidzo inowanikwa panguva dzakatarwa mushure mekubayiwa jekiseni. |
| Positioning | Kazhinji akarara pasi patafura inofamba inopfuura nepadenderedzwa pfupi rakavhurika (kwete mugero) |
| Kubata mweya | Kazhinji chinodiwa pakuongororwa kwechipfuva nedumbu |
| Ndiani anokumbira | Chero chiremba anorapa; mhedzisiro inodudzirwa na radiologist uye inoverengwa maererano nemamiriro ako ekurapa |
Uyewo anozivikanwa se
- CT scan, computed tomography
- Kuongororwa kweCAT (computerised axial tomography, izwi rekare)
- Dumbu reCT, chipfuva cheCT, uropi hweCT, CT KUB, CT angiography (mazita edunhu anoshandiswa pamishonga inonyorwa muIndia)
- "City scan", mataurirwo anowanzoitwa muzvipatara zveIndia
- Sonography, MRI neCT bvunzo dzakasiyana, kunyange hazvo zvese zvitatu zvichiwanzonzi "scan" mukutaura kwezuva nezuva.
Chii chinonzi CT scan
Panguva yeCT scan, chubhu yeX-ray inotenderera muviri wese uku tafura ichifamba nemuskena. Kombiyuta inoshandura zviuru zvezviyero kuita zvidimbu zvitete, izvo chiremba weX-ray anogona kuongorora chero kupi uye, pazvinenge zvichibatsira, semagadzirirwo ezvikamu zvitatu.
Kana tichienzanisa neX-ray isina chinhu, CT inoparadzanisa zvivako zvakabatana uye inoratidza nyama yakapfava, mafuta, mvura, ropa, mapfupa uye calcium, ine ruzivo rwakawanda. Ma scanner emazuva ano anowana ruzivo nekukurumidza, izvo zvinoita kuti CT ive yakakosha kana murwere asinganzwe zvakanaka, achirwadziwa, achifema kana kuti asingakwanise kurara kwenguva refu.
CT haisi bvunzo imwe chete. CT KUB yeinofungidzirwa kuti inokonzerwa ne renal colic, CT pulmonary angiogram yeinofungidzirwa kuti inokonzerwa ne pulmonary embolism uye CT brain isina kurongeka ye stroke inoshandisa nzvimbo dzakasiyana, zvisarudzo zvakasiyana zve contrast uye ma dose akasiyana emwaranzi. Kukumbira protocol isiriyo kunogona kukonzera scan yakajairika isingapindure mubvunzo wekiriniki.
Chikonzero nei CT scan ichiitwa
- Dambudziko: kuongororwa kwekukuvara kwemusoro, kukuvara kwechipfuva nedumbu, uye kufungidzirwa kwekubuda ropa mukati kana kutyoka.
- Zviratidzo zvepfungwa dzakakomba: Kuongororwa kweCT uropi kwakajairika ndiyo nzira yekutanga yekuona chirwere chestroke chinofungidzirwa, kunyanya kuona kubuda ropa uye kutungamira sarudzo dzekurapa nekukurumidza.
- Matambudziko echipfuva: kuratidza mimvuri yemapapu inoonekwa paX-ray, kuongorora chirwere chemapapu chemukati memapapu, pneumonia yakaoma, uye fungidziro ye pulmonary embolism (zvichisiyana).
- Kurwadziwa kwemudumbu nemuchiuno: Zvinofungidzirwa kuti appendicitis, diverticulitis, kuvharika kwedumbu, tupukanana, matambudziko epancreatitis uye matombo emuweti.
- Kutarisirwa kwegomarara: kutsvaga bundu, kuongorora kupararira kwaro, kuronga kuvhiyiwa kana kurapwa nemwaranzi, uye kutarisa maitiro ekurapwa.
- Kuongororwa kwetsinga dzeropa: CT angiography ye aortic aneurysm kana kupatsanurwa kwetsinga, uye yechirwere chetsinga.
- Gwaro remaitiro: Kuongororwa kweropa neCT uye kuburitswa kwemvura yakaunganidzwa.
- Tsananguro yemapfupa nemajoini: Kutsemuka kwakaoma kana kudiki kusingaonekwe paX-ray.
Ndiani anofanira kuongororwa uku?
CT yakakodzera kana chiremba ari kurapa achiona kuti ruzivo rwakawanikwa ruchachinja maitiro, uye kana mubvunzo wekiriniki unoenderana neX-ray-based cross-sectional imaging. Kazhinji, CT inotariswa se:
- Vanhu vane kukuvara kwakanyanya, kunyanya mumusoro, pachipfuva, mudumbu kana musana.
- Vakuru vane kushaya simba kamwe kamwe, kutsvedza kwechiso, kutaura kusina kunyatsojeka kana musoro wakakomba, uko kunofanirwa kukurumidza kutorwa mifananidzo yeuropi.
- Varwere vane kurwadziwa kwakanyanya mudumbu kana kusina kutsanangurwa kana paine chikonzero chekurwara.
- Vakuru vane kurwadziwa kwakanyanya kwerutivi rumwe chete kunoratidza dombo remushonga weti, uko CT KUB isina kuenzana nedosi shoma inowanzo shandiswa kune vanhu vakuru vasina pamuviri.
- Vanhu vane X-ray yechifuva isina kujairika, kukosora kunogara kwenguva refu kune zvimwe zvinhu zvinokanganisa, kana kuti vanofungidzirwa kuti vane pulmonary embolism.
- Varwere vari kurapwa kenza vanoda kuongororwa kana kutariswa panguva dzakatarwa nechikwata chevanorapa kenza.
CT haisiyo nhanho yekutanga yakakodzera ye: kuongororwa nguva dzose kwemunhu ane hutano asina zviratidzo kana kuongororwa kwenjodzi; matambudziko mazhinji emabvi, mapendekete kana musana akapfava (MRI inowanzo kuve nani); kuongororwa kwekutanga kwedumbu rine pamuviri kana dumbu remwana uko ultrasound inowanzo shandiswa; mapundu ethyroid kana mazamu; uye zviratidzo zvakawanda zvegallbladder, uko ultrasound inowanzo kuve bvunzo yekutanga. Mhedzisiro inosiyana zvichienderana nemamiriro ekurapa emunhu wega wega.
Izvo zvisingagoni kuonekwa kana kusaonekwa neCT scan
CT yakatsanangurwa zvakadzama, asi haina kunyatsojeka. Kujeka nezvenzvimbo dzayo dzisingaonekwe kunodzivirira vimbiso yenhema.
- Kuongororwa kweCT kwakajairika hakurevi kuti chirwere hachichaitiki. "Hapana chakaipa chakaonekwa" zvinoreva kuti hapana chisina kunaka chakaonekwa pamifananidzo iyoyo ine protocol iyoyo. Hazvina kufanana ne "kusabatanidzwa".
- Kurwara kwemwoyo kusati kwatanga. Uropi hweCT hunoitwa nekukurumidza mushure mekunge zviratidzo zvatanga, hunogona kutaridzika zvakanaka kunyangwe paine infarct. CT inonyanya kuitwa kuti ione kubuda ropa nezvimwe zviratidzo nekukurumidza; MRI inonyanya kunzwisiswa ne infarcts dzisati dzatanga kana diki, uye stroke dzekutenderera kweropa mushure mekufamba kweropa.
- Ruzivo rwenyama yakapfava uye shwashwa. CT haina kunaka pakurapa marunda, menisci, cartilage, spinal cord, bone marrow edema uye zvirwere zvakawanda zve brain white-matter. MRI ndiyo nzira iri nani yekurapa izvi.
- Chirwere chemudumbu. CT haitsivi endoscopy kana colonoscopy. Maronda ekutanga emudumbu, esophageal kana mucosal mucosal anogona kusaonekwa paCT.
- Chirwere chetsinga dzeropa uye kushanda kwemoyo. Kuongororwa kweCT yechipfuva nguva dzose hakuongorori tsinga dzemwoyo kana mashandiro emwoyo. Kuongororwa kweCT coronary angiography kunoongorora hunhu hwemuviri uye stenosis asi kwete kukosha kwebasa rekudzikira; calcium yakawanda kana kurova kwemoyo kusina kurongeka zvinogona kuderedza chidzidzo. Kuongororwa kweCT yechipfuva kwakajairika hakubvisi angina.
- Basa richienzaniswa nechimiro. CT inoratidza mashandiro emuviri, kwete mashandiro enhengo. Mashandiro eitsvo, chiropa kana mapapu anoda kuongororwa ropa, kuongororwa weti kana kuongororwa mashandiro emapapu.
- Maronda madiki kana kuti akati sandara. Maronda ari pasi pemhedzisiro yechidzidzo, kana pasina mutsauko wehuwandu kubva kunyama yakapoteredza, anogona kusaonekwa. Zvidzidzo zvisina musiyano zvakanyanya zvinogona kusaonekwa maronda anozoonekwa chete mushure mekusiyana.
- Chikonzero chekuwana mhinduro. CT inogona kuratidza bundu, tumapundu, lymph node kana kuti boka revanhu, asi kazhinji haigone kutaura kana iri kenza, hutachiona, TB kana chimwe chinhu chisina njodzi. Biopsy, culture kana kumwe kuongororwa kunowanzo dikanwa.
- Marwadzo asina chikonzero chechimiro. Matambudziko mazhinji akajairika, matambudziko emudumbu, migraine, marwadzo emapfupa nemapfupa, marwadzo etsinga, uye ane CT scans dzakajairika.
Kana zviratidzo zvako zvikaramba zviripo, zvikawedzera kana kuchinja pasinei neCT report yakajairika, dzokera kuna chiremba akakumbira scan. Mhedzisiro yakajairika haigumisi kuongororwa.
Bvunzo dzakabatana asi dzakasiyana
| bvunzo | Bvunza mhinduro dzacho zvakanakisisa | Misiyano mikuru |
|---|---|---|
| X-ray isina kurongwa | Pane kutyoka kuri pachena here, kubatana kwemapapu, mweya wakasununguka here kana kuti pane chimwe chinhu chisina kumira zvakanaka? | Dosi inokurumidza, yakaderera, isingadhuri, inowanikwa zvakanyanya; zvivakwa zvinopindirana zvinoganhurira ruzivo. Kazhinji bvunzo yekutanga, neCT inoshandiswa kana X-ray isinganyatsoonekwi. |
| Ultrasound (USG, sonography) | Dundira, itsvo, chibereko nemazai, matestes, thyroid, mapundu asingaonekwe, mvura, kuyerera kweropa | Hapana mwaranzi ionizing, inoshanda panguva chaiyo, inoenderana nekushanda kwemushonga; inogumira nekuda kwegasi remudumbu, kugara kwemuviri nemapfupa. Inonyanya kufarirwa panguva yekuzvitakura uye kazhinji kuvana. |
| MRI | Uropi nemusana, ligaments ne cartilage, bone morrow, pelvic soft tissue, chiropa chinonzi lesion, nyongo | Hapana mwaranzi ionizing; musiyano wepamusoro wenyama yakapfava; inononoka, ine ruzha, inotya kuvharika, uye inonzwa kufamba. Zvigadzirwa zvemuviri nemidziyo zvinoda kuongororwa kwekuchengetedzwa kweMRI zvisati zvaongororwa. |
| CT isina musiyano | Kubuda ropa zvakanyanya, matombo emuweti, mapfupa akadzama, mapapu, kukuvara kwemusoro zvakanyanya | Hakudi jekiseni; hazvigone kuratidza kukuvara kwetsinga zhinji kana maronda akawanda enyama dzakapfava. |
| CT yakagadziridzwa musiyano | Midziyo, hunhu hwebundu uye kurongwa kwaro, tupukanana, kuzvimba, chirwere chemudumbu | Zvinoda kupatsanurwa kwemushonga une iodine mutsinga uye kuongororwa kwakakodzera kwekiriniki nguva isati yasvika. |
| CT angiography | Kuumbwa kwetsinga dzeropa, kupatsanurwa kwetsinga dzeropa, aneurysm, pulmonary embolism, peripheral arteries | Kubaiwa jekiseni rekuenzanisa panguva yakatarwa; kunoda kupinda zvakanaka kwetsinga dzeropa uye kushanda pamwe chete nekubata mweya. |
| Kuongororwa kweropa kana kubudiswa kwemvura kunotungamirirwa neCT | Kuwana tishu kana kubvisa mvura muunganidzwa | Kuvhiyiwa kwechirwere, kwete kuongororwa kwechirwere; kunosanganisira kuiswa netsono, mushonga wekurwadziwa panzvimbo, kubvuma uye kubuda ropa kana njodzi yehutachiona. |
| PET-CT | Kushanda kwemasero emudumbu, kunyanya pakuongorora kenza uye kupindura kwayo. | Inowedzera radiotracer inopinzwa nejekiseni; inosanganisa ruzivo rwekushanda uye ruzivo rwemuviri. Kugadzirira kwakasiyana, kusanganisira zvinodiwa neshuga muropa. |
| CT coronary angiography | Kuumbwa kwetsinga dzeropa uye stenosis | Nzira yekurapa mwoyo yakatsaurirwa, inowanzo shandiswa kudzora kurova kwemoyo; yakasiyana neCT yechipfuva yenguva dzose. |
Miedzo iyi inopindura mibvunzo yakasiyana. Hapana iri nani pane yose. Ndeipi inotanga kutaurwa inoenderana nezviratidzo, semuenzaniso, kurwadziwa kwemudumbu rekumusoro kurudyi zvichiratidza kuti matombo emudumbu anowanzo tanga ne ultrasound, musoro wakakomba unowanzo tanga ne CT brain isina kurongeka, uye mabvi anovharika mushure mekukanganisika anowanzo da MRI pane CT.
Maitiro ekugadzirira
Kugadzirira kunoenderana zvachose nenzvimbo yemuviri, maitiro uye kana kusiyanisa kwakarongwa. Idzi inyaya dzekushanda dzinosiyana pakati pezvipatara nema scanner. Tevedzera mirairo yakanyorwa kana yekutaura kubva kuchikamu chiri kuita scan yako; mirairo iyoyo inodarika chero gwara ripi zvaro pano.
- Takura mapepa ako: fomu rekunyorera kana rekukumbira, maskeni akamboitwa uye mishumo, uye runyorwa rwemishonga yauri kushandisa pari zvino.
- Udza chikwata pachine nguva kana wakambosangana nedambudziko rekuona kuti une iodine, une asthma, chirwere cheitsvo, chirwere chethyroid, myeloma, une pamuviri kana kuti uchifunga kuti ungave uine pamuviri, kana kuti uri kuyamwisa.
- Kutsanya: Mamwe maitiro emudumbu anowedzera kusiyanisa zvinosanganisira nguva yekutsanya; akawanda maskeni asingaenzanisi kusiyana kwezviratidzo, akadai seCT brain, haadi kutsanya zvachose. Bvunza chipatara chako kuti chii chinoshanda paskeni yako.
- Musiyano wemuromo: Kune dzimwe nguva dzekuongorora mudumbu, unogona kukumbirwa kunwa mushonga we contrast kwenguva yakatarwa usati waongororwa. Izvi zvinorebesa nguva yekurapwa.
- Kuyera ropa: Kuongororwa kwebasa reitsvo munguva pfupi yapfuura (serum creatinine kana eGFR) kunogona kukumbirwa usati waongorora intravenous contrast, kunyanya kune vakwegura, vanhu vane chirwere cheshuga, chirwere cheitsvo kana avo vari kutora mimwe mishonga.
- Zvipfeko nesimbi: Unogona kukumbirwa kupfeka gown wobvisa zvishongo, mapini ebvudzi, magirazi, mazino ekugadzira, zvinhu zvinobatsira kunzwa uye chero simbi iri pedyo nenzvimbo yekuskena.
- Uya nemumwe munhu newe kana wakaronga kunwa mushonga wekunyaradza, kana kuti kana usinganzwe zvakanaka kana kuti usina kugadzikana.
Kana uine pamuviri kana kuti ungave nepamuviri
Udza chiremba weX-ray neX-ray usati waongororwa. CT inosanganisira ionizing radiation, uye pamibvunzo yakawanda yekuzvitakura ultrasound kana MRI ndiyo inosarudzwa. CT hairambidzwe panguva yekuzvitakura, mumamiriro ezvinhu akakomba akadai sekukuvadzwa kukuru kana fungidziro ye pulmonary embolism, bvunzo yacho ingave yakakodzera, uye dose yacho inochengetwa yakaderera sezvinobvira. Sarudzo yacho ndeyako wega uye inotorwa nachiremba wezvekubereka nechiremba weX-ray. Usambofa wakafunga kuti scan inofanira kurambwa kana kuti inofanira kuitwa; bvunza.
Kana uchiyamwisa
Iyo ine iodine CT contrast inopinda mumukaka wezamu zvishoma uye hainyanyi kunyudzwa zvakanaka mudumbu remwana. Mazano mazhinji anotsigira kuti mwana arambe achiyamwisa mushure mekusiyana kweiyone iodine. Simbisa nachiremba wako ari kurapa uye nechikamu chemifananidzo.
Kana uine chirwere cheshuga
Usamira, usasiye kana kuchinja chero mushonga wechirwere cheshuga uri wega. Mamwe mayuniti anopa mirairo chaiyo nezve metformin ine iodine contrast, kunyanya kana kushanda kweitsvo kwadzikira. Mirairo iyi inosiyana zvichienderana neyuniti uye mashandiro eitsvo dzako, bvunza chiremba anokupa mishonga kana unit yekufungidzira. Kana ukakumbirwa kutsanya uye ukatora insulin kana sulfonylurea, bvunza zvakananga kuti ungadzora sei madosi ako uye zvekuita kana shuga yako yadzikira, uye takura glucose inobva kwauri.
Kana uine chirwere cheitsvo
Kusiyanisa kweitsvo ne iodine mutsinga kunoda kuongororwa kwekushanda kweitsvo. Muvanhu vane kushanda kweitsvo kwakaderera zvakanyanya, timu inogona kusarudza nzira isina kusiyanisa, imwe nzira yekuedza, uwandu hwekuenzanisa hwakaderera, kana kutora matanho emvura. Kana uri pa dialysis, taurira yuniti, kuronga nguva kunogona kurongeka pamwe chete nemisangano yako ye dialysis.
Kana uine chirwere chemwoyo kana kuti une dambudziko remvura mumuviri
Chero murairo wekunwa mvura inoyerera kana yemuromo unofanirwa kuongororwa zvichienderana nemutemo wako wemvura inoyerera. Udza dhipatimendi remifananidzo nachiremba wako kuti huwandu hwemvura nehurongwa hwemvura zvigone kugadziriswa.
Children
Kuongororwa kweCT muvana kunoitwa chete kana ruzivo rwacho ruchinyatsodiwa, pamwe chete nemaitiro ekuderedza dose yemwana. Ultrasound kana MRI inosarudzwa painogona kupindura mubvunzo uyu. Kurapwa kwesero kana anesthesia inoshandiswa chete kana mwana asingagone kuramba akanyarara uye dzimwe nzira dzakachengeteka dzisina kukodzera; kana ikashandiswa, inoda kuongororwa kweanesthesia isati yatanga, mirairo yekutsanya, kutariswa uye nguva yekupora. Kukanganiswa, kuvapo kwemubereki uye tsananguro yekungwarira zvinowanzodzivirira kurara, sezvo nguva chaiyo yekuskena inowanzova pfupi.
Vakuru vakuru
Kurara pasi, kubata mweya uye kutamiswa patafura nekunze kwetafura kunogona kuoma. Udza vashandi nezvekuoma kwekunzwa, kushaya mweya, kurwadziwa kwemusana, kudedera kana kuvhiringidzika kuitira kuti rubatsiro rwekuwedzera rugone kurongwa. Kushanda kweitsvo kunowanzo derera nekukura, izvo zvinokanganisa zvisarudzo zvekusiyana kwemamiriro ezvinhu.
Chii chinoitika panguva yeCT scan
- Kupinda uye kubvumidzwa: hunhu hwako, nzvimbo yawakakumbira uye nhoroondo yako zvinosimbiswa. Kana kusiyanisa kwacho kwakarongwa, nhoroondo yezvirwere zvekurwara, mashandiro eitsvo nemishonga zvinoongororwa.
- Cannula: Pakuongorora kusiyana kwemasero, kannula kadiki kanoiswa mutsinga, kazhinji muruoko.
- Positioning: unorara patafura, kazhinji wakarara nemusana. Matambi kana zvinotsigira zvinogona kushandiswa kukubatsira kuti urambe wakadzikama.
- Kuongorora: Tafura inofamba nepakati pemhete yakavhurika. Muchina wekuongorora unoita ruzha runotenderera. Unogona kunzwa mirairo yakanyorwa yekufema uye kumisa kufema kwako.
- Jekiseni remusiyano: Kana paine musiyano, vanhu vazhinji vanonzwa kusviba kunodziya, kuravira kwesimbi, kana kunzwa sekunge vari kubuda weti. Manzwiro aya anopera mukati memasekonzi mashoma. Udza vashandi nekukurumidza kana uchinzwa kuvaviwa, kuzvimba kwechiso kana miromo, kushaya mweya, kufemereka, kuda kurutsa kamwe kamwe, kana kurwadziwa panzvimbo yekubaiwa jekiseni.
- Kucherechedza: Mushure mekusiyanisa, unogona kukumbirwa kumirira kwenguva pfupi cannula isati yabviswa.
Iyo nzira inotora nguva yakareba sei
- Kuskena chaiko: Kune dzakawanda ongororo dzinoitwa munzvimbo imwe chete, kuwanikwa kweX-ray pachako kunotora masekondi kusvika pasi peminiti.
- Kuongororwa kwese kwese, kusaenzanisa musiyano: kazhinji kacho maminetsi angangoita gumi kusvika makumi maviri, kusanganisira kuchinja, kuisa zvinhu panzvimbo uye kutarisa.
- Kusangana kwese, kuongorora musiyano: kazhinji kacho maminetsi angangoita 30-45, zvichibvumira kucheneswa kwemushonga, nguva yekubaiwa jekiseni, matanho akawanda uye nguva pfupi yekutarisa.
- Maitiro ekusiyanisa pakati pemuromo: inogona kuwedzera awa imwe kana kupfuura, sezvo mhinduro yacho inotorwa zvishoma nezvishoma isati yaongororwa.
- Kuongororwa kweropa neCT kana kubuda kwemvura: kwenguva yakareba zvakanyanya, kazhinji awa imwe chete kana kupfuura, pamwe nekupora uye kucherechedzwa.
- Vana vakarara kana kuti vakarara kwenguva refu: Kuongororwa kunoramba kuri kwenguva pfupi, asi kushanya kwese kunosanganisira kuongororwa, kunyaradzwa uye nguva yekupora.
Nguva dzekumirira pazuva uye nguva yekudzoka kwemushumo zvinosiyana zvichienderana nezvipatara uye zvinoenderana nekuti scan yacho ndeyekukurumidzira here, iri muchipatara kana kuti inoitwa nguva dzose. Bvunzai chipatara chenyu kuti muchagamuchira riini uye sei mushumo wacho nemifananidzo.
Kunzwisisa mushumo wako weCT
Mushumo weCT unowanzova nechikamu chehunyanzvi (nzvimbo yakaongororwa, musiyano wakashandiswa), chikamu chezvakawanikwa chinotsanangura nhengo yega yega kana chimiro, uye pfungwa kana mhedziso inopfupikisa dudziro ye radiologist uye chero mazano.
- Pfungwa yacho inonyanya kukosha: asi yakanyorerwa chiremba anotungamira, maererano neruzivo rwekiriniki rwakapihwa pafomu rekukumbira.
- "Kuwanikwa kwezviitiko zvisingatarisirwi" zvinoreva kuti pane chimwe chinhu chakaonekwa chisina chekuita nechikonzero chekuongororwa. Zvakawanda zvakawanikwa zvisingatarisirwi, zvakaita sema cysts eitsvo, maronda madiki echiropa asina njodzi uye matombo madiki asingavhari, hazvidi kurapwa. Zvimwe zvinoda kutorwa mifananidzo yekutevera.
- Mitsara inotsanangura haisi kuongororwa kwechirwere. "Hypodense lesion", "ground-glass opacity", "fat stranding" kana "prominent lymph node" zvinotsanangura kuoneka kwechirwere. Kuongororwa kwechirwere kunoitwa nekubatanidza kuoneka kwechirwere nezviratidzo, kuongororwa uye bvunzo.
- Kuyerwa kwehukuru kune zvikanganiso zvemiganhu. Kuchinja kuri pachena kwemamirimita mashoma pakati pekuongorora kunogona kuratidza kusiyana kwekuyera kana nzira yekuongorora kwete kukura chaiko, ndosaka nguva dzekutevera dzichisarudzwa nokungwarira.
- Kuenzanisa nemaskeni ekare kunokosha. Tora mifananidzo yawakamboona kare; kugadzikana nekufamba kwenguva kunowanzo nyaradza kupfuura chero chitarisiko chimwe chete.
- Usazvidudzira wega. Mushumo weCT unofanira kuverengwa nachiremba akaukumbira. Chiremba iyeye ndiye anosarudza kuti chii chinofanira kuitwa, kana paine chimwe chinhu.
Kana mhedzisiro yeCT inogona kutsausa
Zvakawanikwa zvinogona kutaurwa zvisiri pamutemo kana kuwedzeredzwa
- Chinhu chekufambisa nekufema zvinogona kukonzera kusajeka kunotevedzera ronda, kutsemuka kwechipfuva kana chirwere chemapapu.
- Chinhu chesimbi nemazino kubva muma implants, prostheses, surgical clips, coils kana dental work zvinogadzira mitsetse inovhara kana kuratidza zvisiri izvo.
- Chinhu chinoomesa matanda uye chinoisa mitsetse pedyo nepfupa, kunyanya pasi pedehenya nepashure pefossa, zvinogona kutevedzera kana kuvanza maronda europi.
- Kukanganisa panguva yekusiyanisa zvinogona kuita kuti mitsipa yeropa iite seisina kunaka kana kuti zvinyama zvakajairika zviite sezvisina kunaka kana kuti zvisina kusimba.
- Kuonekwa kwakanaka kunoonekwa sechirwere chakakomba: Kuchinja kwemapapu akadonha asi ane hutano, mapapu anovimba neako kubva pakurara pasi, dundira rakazara, tsvina yakazara, kana ma lymph nodes anogona kutsanangurwa zvakawandisa.
Zviwanikwa zvinogona kunge zvisipo kana kusataurwa zvizere
- Kuskena nekukurumidza muchirwere: chirwere che infarct chisati chatanga, appendicitis yekutanga, osteomyelitis yekutanga kana kuzvimba kwekutanga zvingasaratidze shanduko dzeCT.
- Hapana musiyano paidiwa musiyano: Mamwe mapundu, maronda emutsinga uye maronda etsinga haaonekwe zvakanaka pa CT isina kusiyanisa.
- Nzira kana dunhu zvisirizvo: Chidzidzo chinofukidza maumbirwo asiriwo, kana chisina chikamu chinodiwa, chinogona kudzoka "chakajairika" ukuwo dambudziko richikanganisika.
- Mafuta mashoma akakomberedza Muvanhu vakatetepa uye muvana vanoderedza musiyano wezvisikwa pakati pezvimiro, zvichiita kuti zviwanikwa zvidiki zviome kuona.
- Kugara nemuviri mukuru kunowedzera ruzha rwemufananidzo uye kunogona kuderedza chivimbo chekuongorora.
- Avhareji yevhoriyamu muzvidimbu zvakakora zvinogona kuvanza maronda madiki.
Nzira dzese dziri mbiri dzekukanganisa zvikonzero zvinoita kuti mufananidzo wekiriniki urambe uri pakati. Kana scan nezviratidzo zvisingaenderane, zviratidzo zvichiri kuda kutsanangurwa.
Njodzi nekuchengetedzeka
Zvidzidzo zvakasiyana zveCT zvine maitiro akasiyana enjodzi. Uropi hweCT, CT yemudumbu yakasimudzirwa nekusiyana uye biopsy yemapapu inotungamirwa neCT hazvina kufanana panjodzi, uye hazvifanirwe kutsanangurwa nechirevo chimwe chete chekuchengetedza.
Radiation
CT inoshandisa ionizing radiation, uye dose yacho yakakwira kupfuura yeX-ray isina chinhu yenzvimbo imwe chete. Dose yacho inoenderana nechikamu chemuviri, huwandu hwematanho, scanner uye protocol inoshandiswa. Kune munhu mukuru anoongororwa nechikonzero chakajeka chekiriniki, kubatsirwa kweruzivo rwekuongorora kunowanzo pfuura njodzi diki yenguva refu yedzidziso. Zvinonetsa zvinowedzera nekuongororwa kwakawanda, nekuongororwa muvana nevechidiki, uye nekuongororwa kwaisadikanwa mukiriniki. Matanho akakodzera aunogona kutora: chengeta makopi ekuongororwa kwako kuitira kuti zvidzidzo zvisadzokororwe zvisina kufanira, uye bvunza chiremba wako kuti scan ichachinja chii.
CT isina musiyano
Kuongororwa kweCT kusingashandise majekiseni hakudi jekiseni. Kunze kwekuratidzwa nemwaranzi, nyaya huru ndeyekushanda zvakanaka, kugara usina kugadzikana uye kuda kurara wakadzikama.
Kusiyana kwe iodine mutsinga
- Migumisiro yakajairika, isina kusimba: kudziya, kusviba, kuravira kwesimbi, kuda kurutsa kwenguva pfupi.
- Maitiro erudzi rweallergy kubva pakuvaviwa uye mapundu kusvika, zvisingawanzoitiki, maitiro akaipisisa anokanganisa kufema uye BP. Zvishandiso zvemifananidzo zvine zvishandiso uye zvine vashandi vekutarisira izvi, ndosaka uchionekwa mushure mekubaiwa jekiseni.
- Kuwedzeredza: Kubuda kwemusiyano mutsinga yakatenderedza tsinga kunokonzera kurwadziwa nekuzvimba; taurira vashandi nekukurumidza kana uchinzwa izvi.
- Migumisiro yeitsvo: Kukuvara kweitsvo kunokonzerwa nekusiyana kwezvimiro hazviwanzoitika kuvanhu vane mashandiro eitsvo akajairwa, asi njodzi yacho inoonekwa mukushanda kweitsvo kusina kusimba, kushaya mvura mumuviri uye mimwe mishonga.
- Utachiona: Kusiyana kweiodine kunogona kukanganisa mashandiro ethyroid kuvanhu vane chirwere ichi; taura nezvechirwere chethyroid chinozivikanwa.
Kusiyana kwemuromo nepamusana
Kazhinji zvinoshivirira zvakanaka. Zvinogona kukonzera kuda kurutsa, kuzvimba kana tsvina yakasununguka. Kusiyana kwetsvina kunokonzera kusagadzikana kwenguva pfupi uye kunzwa kuguta.
Kunyaradza uye anesthesia
Inoshandiswa chete kana zvichidikanwa, kazhinji muvana vadiki kana vanhu vasingakwanisi kuramba vakamira. Njodzi dzine chekuita nekufema uye kufema, saka kuongororwa kwekutanga, kutsanya, kutarisa uye nzvimbo yekupora zvinodiwa.
Maitiro anotungamirirwa neCT
Kuongororwa kweropa nekubvisa ropa zvine njodzi dzinosanganisira kubuda ropa, hutachiona, kurwadziwa uye, kana mapapu achiongororwa, kuvhiyiwa kwepneumothorax. Maitiro aya anosanganisira kubvumirana kwakasiyana uye chirongwa chekurapa mushure mekurapwa. Mhedzisiro inosiyana zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu ekiriniki emunhu.
Mireza tsvuku
Emergency izvozvi: fonera masevhisi ekukurumidzira kana kuenda kudhipatimendi rekukurumidzira riri pedyo
- Munguva yekusiyana kana mushure mekusiyana: kunetseka kufema, kufemereka, kuzvimba kwemiromo, rurimi kana pahuro, mapundu akapararira, kupera simba kana kudonha.
- Kurwadziwa kwakanyanya pachipfuva kamwe kamwe, kutadza kufema zvakanyanya, kana kukosora ropa.
- Kushaya simba kamwe kamwe kana kuti kusanzwa kumeso, ruoko kana gumbo, kuoma kutaura kamwe kamwe, kurasikirwa nekuona kamwe kamwe, kana musoro wakanyanya "kurwadza kupfuura mimwe yose".
- Mushure mekuongororwa kwemapapu neCT: kuwedzera kwekushaya mweya kana kurwadziwa pachipfuva.
- Mushure mekuvhiyiwa kupi zvako kunotungamirwa neCT: kubuda ropa rakawanda, kufenda, kana kurwadziwa kwakanyanya.
Zuva rimwe chetero: taura nachiremba wako kana kuyuniti yemifananidzo nhasi
- Kuparadzira mapundu, kuvaviwa kana kuzvimba kumeso zvishoma kutanga maawa mushure mekusiyana kweganda.
- Kurwadziwa kuri kuwedzera, kutsvuka kana kuzvimba kwakajeka panzvimbo yekubaiwa jekiseni.
- Kuderera kweweti inobuda, kana kuzvimba kwemakumbo, mumazuva anotevera chidzidzo chekuenzanisa kana uine chirwere cheitsvo.
- Fivha, dzihwa kana kurwadziwa kuri kuwedzera mushure mekuongororwa kweCT-guided biopsy kana kubuda kwemvura mumuviri.
- Mushumo weCT unoratidza kuti chiremba weX-ray aratidza kuti pane hukama hwakakosha pakati pezvirwere, uye hausati wataura nachiremba wako.
Kusangana nenguva dzose: bhuka nachiremba wako ari kurapa
- Kukurukurirana nezvekuwana kwakasimba kwechirwere, senge cyst kana kuti ronda diki risingaratidzike serisina njodzi.
- Kuronga chero nguva yekutevera inokurudzirwa yekuskena.
- Zviratidzo zvinoramba zviripo kana kuti zvisina kuchinja pasinei neongororo yeCT.
- Mibvunzo pamusoro pemwaranzi inounganidzwa kubva mumifananidzo inodzokororwa, kana kuti bvunzo yeimwe nzira yaizove nani here nguva inotevera.
Mamiriro ezvinhu anokosha
Kuberekwa
Ultrasound neMRI zvinowanzo shandiswa panguva yekuzvitakura. Kana CT ichidikanwa, inoitiswa nedosi yakaderera sezvinobvira uye nechikwata chevana vanozvara chinobatanidzwa. Kune matombo emuweti anofungidzirwa kuti ari pamuviri, ultrasound ndiyo bvunzo yekutanga inowanzoitwa pane CT KUB. Gara uchizivisa vashandi kana zvichibvira kuti vabate pamuviri.
Vana nevechiri kuyaruka
Kuongororwa kwevana kweCT kunoshandisa nzira dzakaderera dzinoenderana nehuremu nehukuru uye kunogumira mumamiriro ezvinhu apo kunochinja manejimendi. Kune vanofungidzirwa kuti appendicitis muvana, ultrasound inowanzova danho rekutanga rekutora mifananidzo mumayuniti akawanda, neCT kana MRI yakachengeterwa zviitiko zvisingazivikanwe.
Chirwere cheshuga chiri pakurapwa kuderedza shuga yeropa
Mirairo yekutsanya pamwe nemazano ane chekuita nemetformin zvese zvinoda kugadziriswa wega. Taura nechiremba usati wachinja chero chinhu. Takura mishonga yako yawagara uchiita uye shuga yawakawana kumusangano.
Chirwere chisingaperi chepfungwa
Kushanda kweitsvo kunosarudza kana contrast yemutsinga inoshandiswa, nehuwandu hupi, uye matanho api ekudzivirira. Dzimwe nzira dzakadai se ultrasound, MRI kana non-contrast CT protocol dzinowanzo kuwanikwa. Varwere vane dialysis vanoda kuronga nguva yekurapa.
Heart failure
Kurara pasi kunogona kuwedzera kushaya mweya; udza vashandi kuti varonge nzvimbo yavo nenguva. Kuwanda kwemvura inoyerera mumuviri uye uwandu hwemvura inoyerera mumuviri zvinofanira kutevedzera chero chipi zvacho chinorambidzwa.
Kutya Claustrophobia uye Kutya Kunetseka
CT scanner idenderedzwa pfupi, rakavhurika kwete mugero murefu, uye nguva yekuskena ipfupi, saka CT inowanzo bvumidzwa zviri nani pane MRI inoitiswa nevanhu vane claustrophobia. Udza vashandi pachine nguva kana uchinetseka.
Maitiro ekusiyanisa anozivikanwa kare
Udza chikwata ichi nguva isati yakwana. Zvichienderana nerudzi uye kuoma kwemaitiro ekutanga, timu inogona kushandisa nzira isina kusiyanisa, kusarudza bvunzo yakasiyana, kushandisa mushonga wakasiyana wekuenzanisa, kana kuronga mushonga wekugadzirira nekutarisa.
Kuongororwa kweCT muIndia
- Terminology: Mishonga inowanzo nyorwa kuti "CT brain plain", "CECT abdominal" (CT inovandudza contrast), "CT KUB" kana "HRCT chest". "CECT" inongoreva kuti contrast yakashandiswa. Varwere vanowanzo taura kuti "city scan", uye vanogona kushandisa "scan" vachichinjana paCT, MRI ne sonography, zvichiratidza kuti ndeipi bvunzo yakakurudzirwa.
- Tiibhii: TB inowanikwa muIndia uye inogona kukonzera mapundu emapapu, maburi, kubatana, kukura kwema lymph nodes, kushanduka kwemudumbu nemusana kunoenderana nekenza nezvimwe hutachiona paCT. CT yega haigoni kusiyanisa TB nekenza; kuongororwa kwemapundu, kuongororwa kwemamorekuru, kutorwa kwesampuli yenyama uye kuongororwa kwekiriniki kunowanzodiwa.
- Kuzvitumira wega uye kudzokorora mifananidzo: Kuongororwa kweCT pasina kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwakajairika. Izvi zvinogona kureva mwaranzi isingakoshi, kunetseka pamusoro pezvakawanikwa netsaona, uye kuskena kaviri. Kuongororwa kweCT kunobatsira zvikuru kana chiremba atanga abvunza mubvunzo.
- Takura mifananidzo yako yekare. Kuchengeta mafirimu, maCD kana makopi edhijitari emaskeni ekutanga kunowanzo kudzivirira kudzokorora kuskeniwa uye kunobatsira kuona kana zvawanikwa zviri zvitsva.
- Mutemo wePC-PNDT, 1994: Mutemo uyu unodzora kushandiswa kwenzira dzekuongorora bonde remwana asati aberekwa. Kuongororwa bonde remwana ari mudumbu hakubvumirwi nemutemo muIndia. Kunyange hazvo Mutemo uyu uchinyanya kukurukurwa maererano neultrasound, hapana bvunzo yemifananidzo inogona kushandiswa pakuongorora bonde remwana ari mudumbu, uye nzvimbo dzakanyoreswa dzinoshanda pasi pezvinodiwa zvakasimba zvemagwaro.
- Mutemo wemwaranzi: Kuiswa kweCT muIndia kunoshanda pasi pezvinodiwa zvekuchengetedzwa kwemwaranzi zvinotarisirwa neAtomic Energy Regulatory Board, kusanganisira kunyoreswa kwemidziyo uye mitemo yekushanda zvakachengeteka.
- Kuvanzika kwedata: Mifananidzo nemishumo yako yekuskena idata rehutano hwako. Pasi peMutemo weDhijitari weDziviriro yeData reMunhu, 2023, zvipatara zvinobata data rako zvine zvisungo zvakatsanangurwa maererano nekubvumidzwa nekushandiswa.
- Access: Kuwanikwa kwemaitiro epamusoro akadai seCT coronary angiography, dual-energy CT kana CT-guided intervention kunosiyana zvakanyanya pakati pemaguta, matunhu nenzvimbo dzakasiyana.
Mutengo neinishuwarenzi muIndia
Mitengo yeCT muIndia inosiyana zvakanyanya uye hapana mutero mumwe chete wenyika. Pane kutaura nhamba, zvinobatsira kunzwisisa chinoita kuti mutengo uvepo.
- Dunhu remuviri uye huwandu hwenzvimbo yakaongororwa, CT yedunhu rimwe chete inodhura zvishoma pane ongororo yenzvimbo dzakawanda.
- Kushandiswa kwemusiyano: zvidzidzo zvakavandudzwa pakuenzanisa uye zvezvikamu zvakawanda zvinodhura kupfuura scan dzisina kusiyana nekuda kwemushonga, zvinodyiwa uye nguva yakawedzerwa.
- Kuoma kweprotocol: CT angiography, CT coronary angiography, dual-energy CT, CT enterography uye 3D reconstructions zvinodhura zvakanyanya kupfuura zvidzidzo zvemazuva ese.
- Kugadzirwa kwescanner: zvidimbu zvakawanda uye ma scanner matsva anowanzo kuve nemitengo yakasiyana.
- marongero: zvipatara zvehurumende nezvinowanikwa nerubatsiro, nzvimbo dzekuongororwa dzakazvimiririra, uye zvipatara zvemakambani zvakasiyana zvikuru. Mari yevanorapwa vari muchipatara yakasiyana nemitengo yevanorapwa vari kunze kwechipatara.
- Guta nenzvimboMitengo ye metro inowanzosiyana nemaguta madiki.
- Kukurumidzira uye nguva: mabasa ekukurumidzira, mabasa epashure penguva yebasa uye mabasa ekuzivisa nezvezuva rimwe chete anogona kubhadharisa mari yekuwedzera.
- Wedzera-ons: kunyaradza kana kuti anesthesia, kuongororwa kweropa usati waongororwa, cannula nezvimwe zvinoshandiswa, makopi efirimu kana maCD, uye mishumo ye radiologist kana mari yekuongorora.
- Pindura
