Te Tohunga Venography i Gurugram

Te tātaritanga i ngā Hōhipera Apollo, Gurugram

Overview

Ko te Venography he tikanga whakaahua e whakamahia ana hei tirotiro i ngā uaua me te aromatawai i te rere o te toto i roto i aua uaua. I te wā o te venography, ka whakaurua he tae rerekē ki roto i te uaua, ā, ka hangaia e te hihi-X, e ētahi atu tikanga whakaahua rānei, he pikitia taipitopito hei āwhina i te tautuhi i ngā toto totoka, te whaiti, te aukati, te hanganga rerekē rānei o te uaua.

Tērā pea ka āwhina te tikanga i te hunga e pupuhi ana ngā peka kāore i te mārama, e whakapaetia ana he toto toto hohonu, he āhuatanga rānei e hiahia ana ki te mahere taipitopito o ngā uaua. Ko Apollo Hospitals, Gurugram tētahi o ngā hōhipera pai rawa atu mō te Venography , e tuku ana i ngā tīma haumanu mātau, te hangarau whakaahua matatau, te tiaki taunga me te arotahi nui ki te haumaru me te whakawhirinaki o te tūroro.

Whakaritea he hui ki Apollo Hospitals, Gurugram kia mōhio ai koe mēnā he tika te venography mō ō tohumate, mō te maimoatanga rānei kua whakaritea.

He aha te take e hiahiatia ai te Venography?

Tērā pea ka tūtohutia te venography ina hiahia te tākuta ki ngā mōhiohio tika mō te wāhi, te hanganga me te mahi a ngā uaua, kāore i tino whakaratohia e ētahi atu whakamātautau.

Ngā Āhuatanga e Hiahiatia ai te Venography

Tērā pea ka tautoko te tikanga i te tautuhi mate, i te whakamahere maimoatanga rānei mō ngā āhuatanga e whai ake nei:

• Thrombosis uaua hohonu: Ka ārai pea te rere o te toto i roto i te uaua hohonu, i te waewae i te nuinga o te wā, ā, ka pā mai he raruraru nui.
• Te aukati uaua mau tonu: Mā te whaiti, te aukati rānei mō te wā roa ka kore e hoki te toto ki te ngākau i te āhua noa.
• Ngā āhua hē o te uaua: Ka pupuhi, ka mamae, ka huri te kiri, ka toto rānei ngā uaua kua hanga rerekē.
• Ngā raruraru o te uaua varicose: Tērā pea me arotake anō ngā uaua mata kua nui haere ina he uaua ngā tohu, te hanganga rānei.
• Te whakawhāiti i te uaua pokapū: Tērā pea ka whaiti ngā uaua o te uma nā te mea kua whakauruhia he katitere, he taputapu hauora, he mate rānei i mua.
• Aromatawai i te embolism pūkahukahu: I ētahi āhuatanga, ka āwhina pea te venography ki te rapu i te pūtake o te toto totoka kua haere ki ngā pukahukahu.
• Te mahere uaua i mua i te tikanga: Mā ngā whakaahua taipitopito ka ārahi pea i te whakatakotoranga o tētahi tātari, he catheter, he stent, tētahi atu wawaotanga kua whakaritea rānei.

Nga Tohu me nga Tohu hei Mataara

Tērā pea ka hiahiatia he aromatawai hauora mēnā ka pāngia koe e ēnei āwangawanga:

• Te pupuhi o te peka kotahi-taha: Ko te pupuhi ohorere, te pupuhi tonu rānei o te waewae kotahi, o te ringa rānei, he tohu pea tēnei i te ngoikore o te rere o te toto i roto i ngā uaua.
• Mamae, ngawari rānei kāore i te mārama: Ko te mamae i te taha o te uaua, inā koa ka pupuhi, me tere tonu te aromatawai.
• Te wera o te kiri, te whero rānei: Ka puta pea ngā huringa mahana me ngā tae ā-rohe me te mumura, te toto totoka rānei.
• Ngā uaua kua whakanuia e kitea ana: Ko ngā uaua mata hou, e kino haere ana rānei, tera pea he tohu o te pēhanga, te aukati rānei i roto i ngā uaua hohonu ake.
• Te rerekētanga o te tae o te kiri, ngā mate pukupuku rānei: Tērā pea ka puta te kiri pōuri, ngā patunga puhoi te whakaora rānei e tata ana ki te pona i te mate uaua mau tonu.
• Te korenga o te manawa ohorere: Mēnā he uaua te manawa, he mamae o te uma, he ngoikore, he maremare toto rānei, me whiwhi āwhina whawhati tata nā te mea he tohu pea tēnei o te pulmonary embolism.

Ina Kāore e Rawa Ana Ētahi Atu Maimoatanga

He whakamātautau tātaritanga te Venography, ehara i te maimoatanga, ā, ka taea te whakaaro ina kore e whakautua e te ultrasound, te computed tomography, te magnetic resonance imaging rānei te pātai haumanu. Ka taea hoki e ia te whakarato aratohu wā-tūturu ina whakaritea, ina mahia rānei he maimoatanga uaua iti rawa te whakaekenga.

Ngā momo Venography

Ka tīpakohia te huarahi whakaahua i runga i te uaua e aromatawaihia ana me ngā mōhiohio e hiahiatia ana:

• Te venography piki: Ka werohia te rongoā whakataurite ki roto i te uaua waewae, ringa rānei hei whakaatu i te rere o te toto mā roto i ngā uaua o te peka.
• Te venography heke: Mā te whakaahua e aromatawai mēnā kei te tuku ngā takirere uaua i te toto kia rere whakamuri, kaua ki te ngākau.
• Te tātaritanga o te uaua o ngā waewae o runga: Ka tirotirohia e tēnei rangahau ngā uaua o te ringa, te pakihiwi me te uma o waenganui, mō ngā ārai, ngā hanganga rerekē rānei.
• Te tātaritanga o te venography matua: Ka arotakehia ngā uaua nui i roto i te uma, i te puku rānei i mua atu, i te wā rānei o te wawaotanga.
• Te tātaritanga o te catheter venography: Ka arahina he ngongo angiangi ngāwari ki roto i te uaua kia taea ai te tuku i te whakataurite tata ki te wāhi e āwangawanga ana.
• Te whakamātautau venography CT, MR rānei: Mā te rorohiko tomography, te tikanga aukume rānei e whakarato he whakaahua whakawhiti-wāhanga o te uaua, me te kore he catheter venography tikanga.

Ngā Whakaritenga Ture me ngā Tikanga Matatika i Inia

Me whai whakaaetanga whai whakaaro te tākuta mō te venography i muri i te whakamāramatanga a te tākuta i tōna kaupapa, ngā huarahi kē atu, ngā painga e tumanakohia ana me ngā mōrearea pea. Ka whai ngā tīma whakaahua i ngā paerewa haumaru-ira e tika ana, ka tiaki i te muna o te tūroro, ā, ka mahi i ētahi atu mahi ārai i te wā e hapu ana, e ngoikore ana te mahi tākihi, e pāngia ana rānei e te tauhohenga rerekētanga o mua.

Me kōrero ki ngā tohunga i ngā Hōhipera Apollo, Gurugram mō tētahi aromatawai takitahi me tētahi mahere whakaahua e tika ana.

Ngā Tūponotanga o te Whakaroa i te Venography

He mea nui te wā e tohua ai te venography hei whakamārama i te whakapae he aukati, hei ārahi rānei i te maimoatanga, ahakoa ehara i te mea e hiahiatia ana tēnei whakamātautau tere mō ngā mate uaua katoa.

• Te ahunga whakamua o te toto totoka: Tērā pea ka tipu te toto totoka hohonu kāore i rongoatia, ā, ka whakawhāiti anō hoki i te rere o te toto.
• Ko te mate pumanawa: Tērā pea ka haere tētahi wāhanga o te toto totoka ki ngā pukahukahu, ā, ka puta he aukati mōrearea ki te ora.
• Te pupuhi tonu: Ki te whakaroa te tātaritanga i te aukati, ka pā pea te mamae me te ngoikore o te nekenekehanga.
• Te mate muri-thrombotic: Ko te pakaru roa o ngā uaua i muri i te toto totoka ka arahi pea ki te mamae mau tonu, te taumaha, te panoni kiri me ngā mate pukupuku.
• Ngā whakaroa maimoatanga: Ki te kore e tino tika ngā mōhiohio e pā ana ki te hanganga o te uaua, ka whakaroa pea i te wawaotanga tika e pā ana ki te whakamahi i te katitere, i tētahi atu maimoatanga rānei.
• Ngā uauatanga o te urunga ki te pūrere: Mā te whaiti kāore i te mōhiotia ka uaua pea te urunga kua whakaritea mō ētahi tikanga hauora.

Ko te tere o te tango i te venography e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā tohu, ki ngā kitenga o te whakamātautau me ngā hua o ngā whakamātautau o mua.

Rapua he tohutohu hauora i ngā Hōhipera Apollo, Gurugram i te wā tika mēnā kei te pupuhi hou koe, kei te whakapaetia he thrombosis, kei te kino haere rānei ngā tohu e pā ana ki ngā uaua.

Nga Painga o Venography

Ina tika te mahi haumanu, ka taea e te venography te whakarato i ngā mōhiohio e tautoko tika ana i te tautuhi me te whakamahere tiaki:

• Ngā whakaahua uaua taipitopito: Ka taea e te rangahau te whakaatu i te wāhi me te whānuitanga o te whaiti, te aukati, te rere o te toto rānei.
• Te mahere hanganga tinana tika: Ka taea e ngā tākuta te aromatawai i ngā ara uaua i mua i ngā tikanga kua tohua, i te whakatakotoranga rānei o te taputapu.
• Aratohu ā-wā tonu: Mā te catheter venography pea e ārahi te maimoatanga i te wā o taua wā haumanu ina kua whakaritea, ā, kua whakaaetia hoki.
• Te whakamārama i muri i ngā whakamātautau kore mutunga: Tērā pea ka whakautua e ia ngā pātai motuhake kāore anō kia ea i te whakaahua kore-whakaekenga.
• Te whakatau kaupapa kua arotahihia: Mā ngā kitenga mārama ka āwhina i ngā tākuta ki te whiriwhiri i te whakahaere hauora, te whakahaere iti rawa te whakaekenga, te whakahaere pokanga rānei.
• Aromatawai i ngā hua o te maimoatanga: Mā te whakaahua pea e whakaū mēnā kua pai ake te rere o te toto i muri i te wawaotanga.

Ka rerekē te whai huatanga o te tikanga me ngā mōhiotanga ka riro mai i runga i te āhua o te tangata, te hanganga o te uaua me te tikanga kua whiriwhiria.

He aha i whiriwhiri ai koe i ngā Hōhipera Apollo, Gurugram mō te Venography?

Ka whakarato a Apollo Hospitals, Gurugram i tētahi aromatawai e aro ana ki ngā tūroro, ā, ka tautokona e ngā tīma pūkenga me ngā tukanga haumaru kua whakatūria.

• Ngā tohunga mohio: Ka aromatawaihia ngā kitenga e ngā tohunga hihi-X, ngā tohunga hihi-X wawaotanga me ngā tohunga toto-ā-tinana i runga i te horopaki o te hauora o ia tūroro.
• Tautoko whakaahua matatau: Mā ngā pūnaha whakaahua hou ka taea e ngā tīma te tiro i ngā uaua me te ārahi i ngā tikanga kua tīpakohia e whakamahi ana i te katitere.
• Manaakitanga maha: Ka mahi tahi ngā tohunga e pā ana ina pā te mate uaua ki te ngākau, ki ngā oko toto, ki ngā whatukuhu, ki ētahi atu raruraru hauora rānei.
• Te whakamahere takitahi: Ka whai whakaaro te tīma ki ngā tohu, ngā rangahau o mua, te mahi a ngā whatukuhu me te hītori mate pāwera i mua i te tūtohu i tētahi huarahi.
• Ngā tikanga e aro ana ki te haumaru: Mā te āta whakamahi i te momo rerekētanga, ngā mahi whakatūpato irahiko, te tikanga parakore, me te aroturuki haumanu ka tautoko i te haumaru o te tūroro.
• Whakawhitiwhiti marama: Ka whiwhi ngā tūroro i ngā mōhiotanga mārama mō te whakarite, te whakaaetanga, ngā kare ā-roto e tumanakohia ana, me te tiaki i muri i te mahi.
• Te whai i te mahi kua whakaritea: Ka taea te arotake i ngā hua me te tīma tuku mai kia pai ai te whakamahere i te wāhanga tiaki e whai ake nei.

Te Whakarite mō te Venography

Arotake Hauora

Ka arotakehia e tō tīma haumanu mēnā he tika te venography, ā, ka tautuhia ngā mahi whakatūpato i mua i te wā whakarite.

• Tuhia tō hītori: Whakahuatia ngā mate tākihi, te mate huka, ngā mate toto, te huango me ngā maimoatanga uaua o mua.
• Kōrerohia te haputanga: Kōrero atu ki te tīma mēnā kei te hapu koe, kei te hapu pea rānei, nā te mea me whai whakaaro motuhake ki ngā hihi-X.
• Pūrongohia ngā mate pāwera: Whakaahuahia ngā tauhohenga o mua ki te tae whakawehewehe, ngā rongoā, te rapa, ngā paturopi rānei.

Ngā Rongoā me ngā Whakamātautau

Kaua e whakarerekē i ngā rongoā kua tohua ki te kore e tohua e tō tākuta.

• Homai he rārangi rongoā: Tāpiri atu ki ngā rongoā whakaheke toto, ngā rongoā mate huka, ngā tāpiringa me ngā hua kāore i te tonoa he tākuta.
• Whakaotia ngā whakamātautau e tonoa ana: Tērā pea ka tonoa he whakamātautau mahi whatukuhu, he whakamātautau toto rānei, i runga i tō hauora me te momo tikanga.
• Whāia ngā tohutohu rongoā: Mā te tīma e whakamārama mēnā me whakarerekē tētahi horopeta i te rā.

Kai me ngā Wai

Ko ngā whakaritenga nohopuku e whakawhirinaki ana ki te whakamahere mō te whakamoe, mō tētahi atu wawaotanga rānei.

• Whakaūtia ngā wā nohopuku: Me whai noa i ngā tohutohu a te hōhipera mō te kai me te inu.
• Kia mau tonu te whakamakuku: Inumia ngā wai kua whakaaetia kia rite ki ngā tohutohu, inā koa ka whakamahia he rongoā rerekē.
• Whakahaerehia te mate huka me te haumaru: Pātai atu me pēhea te pānga o te nohopuku ki te insulin, ki ētahi atu rongoā mate huka rānei.

Te Whakamahere i to haerenga

Mā ngā whakaritenga whai hua ka māmā ake te tukanga whakatūnga me te tukanga whakawātea.

• Kia tae ki te wa: Tukua he wā mō te rēhitatanga, te whakaaetanga, te arotake haumanu me te whakarite.
• Mau kakahu pai: Kōwhiria he kākahu koretake, waiho ngā taonga utu nui ki te kāinga.
• Whakaritea he kaiārahi: Tērā pea e hiahiatia he pakeke e tika ana te kawenga mēnā kei te whakamaheretia he rongoā whakamoe.
• Kawea mai ngā tuhinga o mua: Kawea ngā matawai, ngā pūrongo me ngā taipitopito e tika ana mō ngā tauhohenga rerekētanga o mua.

Whakaaetanga me ngā Tirotiro Whakamutunga

Ka whakaū te tīma i ngā taipitopito nui i mua i te tīmatanga o te tātaritanga venography.

• Patai nga paatai: Whakamāramahia te kaupapa, ngā huarahi kē atu, ngā kare ā-roto e tumanakohia ana me ngā mōrearea pea i mua i te hainatanga o te whakaaetanga.
• Whakaūtia te wāhi o te tukanga: Mā ngā kaimahi e manatoko tō tuakiri me te wāhi e tirotirohia ana.
• Tangohia ngā tūemi kua tohua: Me tango pea ngā whakapaipai me ētahi atu taonga mēnā ka pāngia te whakaahua.

Te Whakaora i muri i te Venography

I muri tonu i te Tukanga

Ko te whakaoranga e whakawhirinaki ana ki te wāhi i uru atu ai, te tikanga whakawehewehenga me te mea i tukuna he whakamoe, he maimoatanga rānei.

• Me noho tonu i raro i te tirotiro: Ka aroturukihia pea e ngā kaimahi te manawa, te pā o te manawa, te toto totoka, me te wāhi i pokaia ai.
• Tiakina te pae urunga: Puritia te tūnga o te peka kia rite ki ngā tohutohu hei whakaiti i te toto.
• Kia tumanako ki ngā kare ā-roto ngawari: Tērā pea ka puta he mamae rangitahi, he maru iti rānei i te wāhi i uru ai te ngira, te catheter rānei.

Te Mahi me te Tiaki i te Whara

Whāia ngā tohutohu tukunga kua hoatu mō tō tikanga motuhake.

• Puritia te takai kia maroke: Waiho kia noho ki tōna wāhi mō te wā i tohua e te tīma haumanu.
• Āta karohia te mahi taumaha: Whakaroahia te whakakori tinana kaha me te hiki taumaha mō te wā kua tūtohutia.
• Tīmatahia te mahinga o ia rā mā te āta haere: Hoki atu ki te mahi me te taraiwa anake ina kī mai tō tākuta he haumaru.

Ngā Wai me ngā Rongoā

Mā te whakainu tika me te whakamahi rongoā ka āwhina i te whakaoranga i muri i te hoatutanga o te rongoā whakahāngai.

• Ngā inu kua tohua: Mena ka whakaaetia e te rata, ka āwhina ngā wai i te tinana ki te whakamārama i te rerekētanga puta noa i ngā whatukuhu.
• Me tango tika ngā rongoā: Tīmata anō, haere tonu rānei ngā rongoā e ai ki te mahere tukunga.
• Kōwhiria he rongoā mamae e tika ana: Whakamahia noa ngā rongoā kua whakaaetia e tō tīma rongoā.

Ngā Hua me te Whai Ake

Mā tō tākuta e whakamārama ngā mea e whakaatuhia ana i ngā whakaahua, me te mea hoki me whai atu he tiaki hauora.

• Haere ki ngā wā arotake: Mā te aroturukitanga ka taea te whakaaro i ngā hua i te taha o ngā tohu me ētahi atu whakamātautau.
• Kōrerohia te taahiraa e whai ake nei: Ko te whakahaere pea ko te mātakitaki, te rongoā, te pēhanga, tētahi atu wawaotanga, te arotake rānei a te tohunga.
• Puritia tō pūrongo: Rokirokihia ngā whakaahua me ngā kitenga kua tuhia ki roto i ō pūkete hauora.

Ngā Tohu Whakatūpato e Hiahia Ana kia Whawhati Tata ki te Hauora

Whakapā atu ki te hōhipera i te wā tonu, rapua rānei he awhina ohorere mēnā ka puta he tohu kino.

• Te uaua o te manawa: Ko te manawa pōuri, te mamae o te uma, te hemonga, te pupuhi rānei o te mata, tera pea he tohu tēnei o tētahi tauhohenga kino, he āhuatanga ohorere rānei e pā ana ki te toto toto tiketike.
• Te toto kore e taea te whakahaere: Me tirotirohia wawetia te toto tonu, te pupuhi tere rānei i te wāhi e pangia ana.
• Te whakahekenga o te tohanga toto o ngā peka: Me aro tonu ki te ngoikore hou, te mamae nui, te makariri, te huri rānei o te tae i tua atu i te wāhi i werohia.
• Te mate pea: Me tere tonu te pūrongo mēnā ka piki haere te whero, te mahana, te pupuhi, te kirika rānei.

Tangohia te Hipanga e Whai Ake Nei ki te Tiaki Venography

Mā te kōrerorero ka taea te whakatau mēnā e hiahiatia ana te venography, ko tēhea tikanga e tika ana, me ngā ārai e tika ana. Ko Apollo Hospitals, Gurugram tētahi o ngā hōhipera pai rawa atu mō te Venography , me te tiaki matatau, te whakauru maha-mātauranga me te huarahi e aro ana ki te tūroro.

Mauria mai ēnei tuhinga hei āwhina i te tīma haumanu ki te aromatawai i a koe me te whai hua:

• Rekoata rongoa: Kawea ngā whakarāpopototanga o ngā mate e tika ana, ngā whakaurunga hōhipera me ngā tikanga o mua.
• Ngā pūrongo whakaahua: Kawea mai ngā pūrongo whakaahua o te ultrasound, CT, MRI, uaua rānei me ngā whakaahua e wātea ana i mua atu.
• Ngā taipitopito rongoā: Homai he rārangi hou o ngā rongoā, ngā tāpiringa, ngā mate pāwera me ngā tauhohenga rerekētanga o mua.
• Ngā hua o te taiwhanga: Tāpirihia ngā pūrongo tata nei mō te mahi a te whatukuhu, te tatau toto me te toto totoka mēnā e wātea ana.
• Ngā mōhiohio tuku: Mauria mai te reta a te tākuta i tuku mai me ngā pātai haumanu motuhake katoa.

Whakaritea he hui ki Apollo Hospitals, Gurugram kia whiwhi ai koe i tētahi aromatawai tohunga me tētahi mahere tātaritanga ira whaiaro.

Ngā Pātai Auau mō te Venography

He aha ngā mōrearea o te venography?

Ko te venography he pai te manawanui ina mahia mō tētahi take tika, engari ko ngā mōrearea ka uru atu ki te maru, te toto, te mate, te riri rānei o ngā uaua i te wāhi e uru atu ai. Tērā pea ka pāngia te mahi a te tākai rerekē e te mate pāwera, ā, ka pā ki te mahi a te whatukuhu i roto i te hunga ngāwari. Kei roto hoki i ngā tikanga hihi-X te nui o te irahiko kua whakahaeretia. Ka arotakehia e te tīma tō hauora, ngā rongoā, ngā mate pāwera me te āhua o te hāputanga hei whakaiti i te mōrearea ka taea te karo.

Me pēhea taku mōhio mēnā me whai venography ahau?

Ka whakaarohia pea e te tākuta te venography mēnā e tohu ana ngā tohu, ngā whakamātautau rānei o mua he aukati uaua, he toto totoka, he hanganga uaua rerekē, he ngoikore rānei te rere o te toto. Tērā pea he mea whai hua anō hoki i mua i ētahi maimoatanga e whakamahi ana i te catheter. Nā te mea he nui te wā e ranea ana te ultrasound, te whakaahua whakawhiti-wāhanga rānei, kāore e hiahiatia te venography mō ia tūroro. Ka whakatau te tohunga i muri i te arotake i ō tohu, i tō whakamātautau, i tō hītori hauora me ngā hua matawai o nāianei.

Me pēhea taku whakarite i tētahi hui ki ngā Hōhipera Apollo, Gurugram?

Ka taea e koe te whakapā atu ki te ratonga whakarite wā a te hōhipera, te whakamahi rānei i ana hongere pukapuka mana hei tono kōrero ki te tohunga e tika ana. Kōrerohia te take mō te tuku mai, me te whakahua i ngā tohumate whawhati tata ina whakarite ana i te haerenga. Kawea mai ngā matawai o mua, ngā pūrongo, ngā hua taiwhanga me tō rārangi rongoā. Whai muri i te aromatawai, ka whakamārama te tīma haumanu mēnā he tika te venography, ā, ka āwhina ki te whakarite i te whakarite me te wātaka.

Ko ēhea ngā tohunga e whai wāhi ana ki te venography?

Ko te venography e whakahaerehia ana, e whakamāramahia ana hoki e te tohunga hihi-X, e te tohunga hihi-X rānei, he tākuta kua whakangungua ki te tautuhi me te maimoatanga e arahina ana e te whakaahua. I runga i te take o te whakamātautau, ka whai wāhi pea ngā tohunga toto, ngā tohunga ngakau, ngā tākuta, ngā tīma whakamoe mate, ngā nēhi me ngā tohunga hangarau whakaahua. I Apollo Hospitals, Gurugram, ka āwhina te kōrero maha-mātauranga ki te hono i ngā kitenga whakaahua ki ngā matea hauora whānui o te tūroro, ā, ka tautoko hoki i tētahi mahere maimoatanga tika.

Kia pēhea te roa o te whakaoranga i muri i te venography?

He maha ngā tūroro ka taea te wehe i muri i te wā tirotiro poto, ahakoa he rerekē te wā i runga i te ara urunga, te whakamoe, te āhua hauora me te mea i mahia he wawaotanga. Tērā pea ka roa te mamae ngawari, te maru rānei mō ētahi rā. Me whai ngā tūroro i ngā tohutohu mō te tiaki i ngā kakahu, ngā mahi, ngā wai me ngā rongoā. Tērā pea ka roa ake te whakaoranga i muri i te maimoatanga ngātahi, ā, mā te tīma rongoā e whakarato he mahere takitahi mō te hoki ki te mahi me te taraiwa.

Whakakape Hauora: Ko tēnei ihirangi he mea mō ngā kaupapa mātauranga whānui, kāore e whakakapi i ngā tohutohu hauora, te tātaritanga, te maimoatanga rānei mai i tētahi tākuta whai tohu. Ka rerekē te tika mō te venography, ngā mōrearea pea, te whakarite me te whakaora i runga i te tangata takitahi; rapua he awhina ohorere mō te uauatanga manawa ohorere, te mamae o te uma, te hemo, te tohu kino rānei o te peka.