Sulfanilamide - Ojiji, Ọnụọgụ Ọgwụ, Mmetụta Ọgwụ na Ihe Ndị Ọzọ

Sulfanilamide bụ ụdị ọgwụ nje nke so na otu ọgwụ sulfonamide. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ọgwụ nje mbụ e ji agwọ ọrịa nje bacteria ma rụọ ọrụ dị mkpa n'akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ọgwụ. Sulfanilamide na-arụ ọrụ site n'igbochi uto nke nje bacteria, na-eme ka ọ dị irè megide ọtụtụ ọrịa. Ọ bụ ezie na a kwụsịla iji ya eme ihe n'usoro iji kwado sulfonamides dị nchebe, usoro ọgwụgwọ dị n'elu ka dị maka ọnọdụ ụfọdụ.

Ojiji nke Sulfanilamide

A na-ejikarị Sulfanilamide agwọ ọrịa nje bacteria, ọkachasị ndị nje bacteria na-ebute. Ụfọdụ n'ime ojiji ahụike akwadoro gụnyere:

• Ngwa ndị a na-eji n'ahụ: A na-eji ya eme ude maka nje bacteria ma ọ bụ vulvovaginal candidiasis; mgbe ụfọdụ maka ọrịa akpụkpọ ahụ/ọkụ (ọ bụ ezie na ọ dị ụkọ ugbu a).

Olee otú Ọ na-arụ ọrụ

Sulfanilamide na-arụ ọrụ site n'iṅomi para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), ihe nje bacteria chọrọ iji mepụta folic acid. Folic acid dị mkpa maka uto na mmụba nke nje bacteria. Site n'igbochi enzyme nke na-agbanwe PABA ka ọ bụrụ folic acid, sulfanilamide na-eme ka nje bacteria ghara ịdị agụụ nke ọma, na-egbochi ha ịmụba ma na-ekwe ka sistemu ahụ ji alụso ọrịa ọgụ wepụ ọrịa ahụ.

Usoro onunu ogwu na ochichi

Usoro ọgwụgwọ sulfanilamide nwere ike ịdị iche dabere na ụdị ọrịa a na-agwọ na afọ onye ọrịa. Lee ntuziaka izugbe:

• Ihe e ji mee ya n'ahụ: Tee ya dịka e si gwa gị (dịka ọmụmaatụ, ude a na-etinye n'ime ikpu otu ugboro kwa ụbọchị ruo ụbọchị 4-6). Ojiji ya n'ụzọ nkịtị agafeela oge.

Soro ntuziaka onye nlekọta ahụike gị mgbe niile gbasara usoro onunu ogwu na nchịkwa.

Mmetụta ọjọọ nke Sulfanilamide

Dịka ọgwụ niile, sulfanilamide nwere ike ibute nsogbu. Mmetụta ndị a na-ahụkarị gụnyere:

• Nausea na vomiting
• afọ ọsịsa
• Akpụkpọ ahụ ọkụ
• isi ọwụwa

Mmetụta dị egwu nwere ike ịgụnye:

• Mmeghachi omume nfụkasị ahụ (ọzịza, ike iku ume)
• Nsogbu ọbara (dị ka agranulocytosis ma ọ bụ thrombocytopenia)
• Mmebi imebi
• akụrụ nsogbu
• Kernicterus (n'ime ụmụ amụrụ ọhụrụ)
• Ọrịa Stevens-Johnson / ọrịa necrolysis na-egbu egbu

Ọ bụrụ na ị nweta mmetụta ọ bụla siri ike, chọọ nlekọta ahụike ozugbo.

Mmekọrịta ọgwụ ọjọọ

Sulfanilamide nwere ike iji ọtụtụ ọgwụ na ihe dị iche iche mee ihe, nke nwere ike ịgbanwe irè ya ma ọ bụ mee ka ohere nke mmetụta ọjọọ dịkwuo elu. Nnukwu mmekọrịta gụnyere:

• Ọgwụ mgbochi coagulants: Nwere ike ime ka mmetụta nke ọgwụ ndị na-ebelata ọbara dị ka warfarin dịkwuo mma.
• Methotrexate: Ihe ize ndụ nke nsí na-abawanye.
• Ọgwụ Diuretics: Nwere ike imetụta ọrụ akụrụ.
• Ọgwụ nje ndị ọzọ: Nwere ike ime ka ọgwụ ọ bụla ghara ịdị irè.
• Ihe mkpuchi anwụ nke nwere PABA: Nwere ike ibelata arụmọrụ ya.

Na-agwa onye na-ahụ maka ahụike gị mgbe niile gbasara ọgwụ na ihe mgbakwunye niile ị na-aṅụ.

Uru nke Sulfanilamide

Uru ahụike nke iji sulfanilamide gụnyere:

• Mgbasa Ozi: Ọ dị irè megide nje bacteria Gram-positive na ụfọdụ Gram-negative.
• Ọnụ ego: N'ozuzu, ọ dị ọnụ ala ma e jiri ya tụnyere ọgwụ nje ndị ọhụrụ.
• Akụkọ Ihe Mere Eme: Ihe dị mkpa n'akụkọ ihe mere eme, mana ihe na-egbu egbu karịa ihe ndị e ji eme ihe n'oge a na-egbochi ojiji.

Ihe ndị na-adịghị mma nke Sulfanilamide

Ụfọdụ ndị mmadụ kwesịrị izere iji sulfanilamide, gụnyere:

• Ụmụ nwanyị dị ime: Nwere ike ibute ihe egwu nye nwa ebu n'afọ.
• Ndị nwere ọrịa imeju: Nwere ike ime ka nsogbu imeju ka njọ.
• Mmeghachi Omume Ahụ́ Ike: Ndị nwere allergies na sulfonamides ekwesịghị iji ọgwụ a.
• Ụmụ amụrụ ọhụrụ (ihe ize ndụ nke kernicterus)
• Ndị mmadụ nwere ụkọ G6PD

Anya na ịdọ aka na ntị

Tupu i jiri sulfanilamide, tụlee ihe ndị a:

• Nnwale Allergy: Ọ bụrụ na ị nwere akụkọ ihe mere eme nke allergies, kparịta maka nnwale ahụ na dọkịta gị.
• Ọrụ Imeju na Akụrụ: Nleba anya mgbe niile nwere ike ịdị mkpa maka ndị nwere ọrịa ndị dịbu adị.
• Mmiri mmiri: Ịnọgide na-enwe mmiri mmiri nke ọma nwere ike inyere aka igbochi nsogbu akụrụ.
• Enweghị Folate: Zere ndị nwere enweghị folate.

Ajụjụ

• Gịnị ka a na-eji sulfanilamide eme? A na-eji Sulfanilamide agwọ ọrịa nje bacteria na ụfọdụ ọrịa ikpu.
• Kedu ka m ga-esi were sulfanilamide? Enwere ike were ya n'ọnụ n'ụdị mbadamba nkume ma ọ bụ site na ntụtụ, dịka onye na-ahụ maka ahụike gị gwara ya.
• Kedu ihe na-akpatakarị? Mmetụta ndị a na-ahụkarị gụnyere ọgbụgbọ, ọgbụgbọ, afọ ọsịsa, na ihe ọkụ ọkụ akpụkpọ ahụ.
• Enwere m ike iji sulfanilamide ma ọ bụrụ na m dị ime? A naghị atụ aro ya maka ụmụ nwanyị dị ime n'ihi ihe egwu nwere ike ime.
• Kedu ka sulfanilamide si arụ ọrụ? Ọ na-egbochi uto nje site n'igbochi mmepụta nke folic acid, nke nje bacteria kwesịrị ịmụba.
• Enwere mmetụta ọjọọ ọ bụla? Ee, mmetụta ọjọọ dị njọ nwere ike ịgụnye mmeghachi omume nfụkasị ahụ, nsogbu ọbara, na mmebi imeju.
• Kedu ihe m ga-eme ma ọ bụrụ na m na-atụ uche dose? Were ya ozugbo ị chetara mana hapụ ya ma ọ bụrụ na oge eruola ka ị jiri ya ọzọ. Ejila ya ugboro abụọ.
• Enwere m ike ịṅụ mmanya na-aba n'anya mgbe m na-aṅụ sulfanilamide? Ọ kacha mma ka ị zere mmanya na-aba n'anya, n'ihi na ọ nwere ike ịbawanye ohere nke mmetụta ọjọọ.
• Ogologo oge ole ka sulfanilamide na-arụ ọrụ? I nwere ike ịmalite inwe ahụ iru ala n'ime ụbọchị ole na ole mana mechaa usoro ọgwụgwọ ahụ e nyere gị.
• Sulfanilamide ọ dị mma maka ụmụaka? A naghị atụ aro ka ụmụaka jiri ya n'usoro n'ihi ihe egwu dị na ya; a na-eji ya n'elu ahụ n'okpuru nlekọta ahụike.

Aha Akara

Sulfonamides ndị yiri ya gụnyere sulfamethoxazole (dịka ọmụmaatụ, na Bactrim na trimethoprim), sulfadiazine, sulfisoxazole. Sulfanilamide dị ọcha dị na ngwaahịa dị n'elu ahụ dịka ude AVC (a naghị akwụsị n'ahịa ụfọdụ).

mmechi

Sulfanilamide a na-eji n'ahụ ka bụ nhọrọ maka ọrịa ikpu kpọmkwem, ọ bụ ezie na e jiri ya dochie ya nke ukwuu. Ike ya igbochi uto nje bacteria, yana ọnụ ahịa ya, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ nhọrọ bara uru n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ. Agbanyeghị, ọ dị mkpa ịmara mmetụta ndị nwere ike ịkpata, mmekọrịta ọgwụ, na ihe ndị na-egbochi ya. Gakwuru onye na-ahụ maka ahụike gị mgbe niile maka ndụmọdụ na nhọrọ ọgwụgwọ nkeonwe.