ENT (Nzeve, Mhino, Huro)

Muzviitiko zvekudzokororwa kwetonsillitis kana kuzvimba kukuru kweadenoid, izvo zvinokanganisa kufema nekumedza, tinogona kukurudzira tonsillectomy kana adenoidectomy. Isu tinoita maitiro aya nemazvo kwazvo, tichishandisa nzira dzepamberi senge laser rubatsiro kuderedza kubuda ropa uye kusagadzikana. Minimally invasive, mavhiya aya akagadzirirwa kudzoreredza kufema kwakajairika uye kuderedza hutachiona, zvichiwedzera hupenyu hwako. Mushure mekuvhiyiwa, kupora kunokurumidza, nekudzikiswa kwakajeka kwezviratidzo zvine chekuita nekuwedzera tonsils kana adenoids. 

Kana iwe uri kusangana nemhino yekuvharika nekuda kweyakatsauka septum, septoplasty inogona kunge iri mhinduro. Chikwata chedu chinoshanda mukugadzirisa kutsauka kweseptum kuvandudza mafambiro emhepo nemumhino. Nekungwarira kwekuchenjera, tinoisazve uye kutwasanudza patsanuro pakati pemhino, kazhinji tichishandisa endoscopic matekiniki ekuwedzera kurongeka. Kuvhiyiwa uku hakungopedzi matambudziko ekufema chete asi zvakare kunoderedza nyaya dze sinus, zvichikonzera kuvandudzwa kwekurara uye kusimba kwese. 

Kune avo vanotambura nekusingaperi sinusitis, kuvhiyiwa sinus kunogona kupa zororo rinodiwa. Isu tinoshandisa Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS), idiki nzira inopinda, kugadzirisa zvivharo kana kutapukira mundima dze sinus. Iyi nzira inovandudza sinus ventilation uye mvura, kuderedza sinus pressure, zvirwere zvinowanzoitika, uye kurwadziwa kwakabatana. Mushure mekuvhiyiwa, isu tinova nechokwadi chekutevera-kutevera uye tinopa nhungamiro yakaenderana kuti tiwedzere mabhenefiti enguva refu.

Tympanoplasty inoitwa kugadzirisa eardrum yakakuvadzwa, kudzorera kunzwa uye kuvimbika kwechimiro. Iyo nzira inosanganisira kubatanidza kugadzirisa eardrum ine perforated, inoitwa neiyo microsurgical chaiyo. Nyanzvi dzedu dzinoona kuti kuvhiyiwa kwacho kwakasununguka sezvinobvira, vachishandisa michina yemazuva ano kuti vawane mhedzisiro yakanaka. Kutevera maitiro, varwere vanowanzoona kudzoreredzwa kwekunzwa uye nenjodzi yakaderedzwa yehutachiona, inotsigirwa neyakadzama-yekuita chirongwa chekuchengetedza chirongwa chekupora kunobudirira uye kusagadzikana kushoma. 

Kune avo vane kurasikirwa kwekunzwa kwakanyanya, cochlear implantation inopa shanduko mhinduro. Chikwata chedu chenyanzvi chine hunyanzvi mukuvhiya michina inodyara inotsiva basa reyakakuvadzwa nzeve yemukati. Iyi nzira inogoneka kana zviyamuro zvekunzwa zvisingashande. Isu tinova nechokwadi chekuti murwere wega wega anoongororwa zvakakwana kuti aenderane nemabhenefiti eiyo cochlear implant nezvavanoda zvekunzwa, zvakanyanya kuwedzera kunzwa kwavo nekutaurirana. 

Zvishandiso zvekunzwa zvakaiswa zvakanaka zvinogona kusimudzira zvakanyanya hupenyu kune vanhu vane kurasikirwa kwekunzwa zvishoma. Vedu vezvekunzwa vanopa masevhisi akazara, kubva pakunyatso kuenderana kusvika kune yakadzama gadziriso, kuve nechokwadi chekuita kwakakwana. Isu tinorangarira yako acoustic nharaunda, zvaunofarira, uye zvinodikanwa zvekunzwa kuti tigadzirise mudziyo wega wega kune zvaunoda. Chinangwa chedu ndechekupa kunzwa kwakajeka uye kwakagadzika, nerutsigiro runoenderera kuburikidza nekubvunzana kwemunhu. 

Laryngoscopy chishandiso chakakosha chekuongorora chinotibvumira kunyatsoongorora huro yako uye bhokisi rezwi. Inoshandiswa kuona zvikonzero zvekuramba kukosora, kurira, kana dzimwe nyaya dzehuro. Iyi nzira inoitwa nechubhu inochinjika yakamisikidzwa nekamera, ichipa yakajeka uye yakadzama nzwisiso. Nyanzvi dzedu dzinoona kusagadzikana kushoma panguva yekuitwa uye kukupa iwe mhinduro yakazara maererano nechero kurapwa kunodiwa, kungave kwekuvhiya kana kwekurapa. 

Kana uri kutarisana nehutachiona hwehutachiona, goitre, kana kenza yekenza, thyroidectomy inogona kudiwa. Maitiro edu anotarisa pakubviswa kwakanyatso kubviswa kwese kana chikamu chethyroid gland, tichinyatso chengetedza matishu akapoteredza. Kuvhiyiwa uku hakungobvisi zviratidzo zvinomanikidzira chete asiwo kunoshanda basa rakakosha rekurapa mukurapa hutsinye. Isu tinopa yakakwana post-operative care, kusanganisira tsigiro yezwi uye calcium mazinga, kufambisa kupora kwako uye kuve nechokwadi chekuchinja kwakanaka kunotevera maitiro. 

Kune akavharika kana ane utachiona salivary glands, kupindira kwekuvhiya kungave kuri madikanwa. Chikwata chedu chinoshandisa nzira chaidzo dzekubvisa zvipingaidzo, kuderedza marwadzo uye kuzvimba. Kunyangwe tichibata ne sialolithiasis (matombo emate) kana mamota, isu tinoshandisa nzira dzisinganyanyi kupindira pese pazvinogoneka, kuve nechokwadi chekuti zviratidzo zvinogadziriswa nenguva inogoneka yekupora. 

FESS inzira yekucheka-kumucheto iyo inopa zororo kune akasiyana-siyana ane chekuita ne sinus. Tichishandisa endoscopic zviridzwa, isu tinoderedza saizi yezvinyorwa, kuderedza nguva yekudzoreredza. Nekuvandudza sinus drainage nzira, FESS inopa zororo renguva refu kubva kuzvirwere zvinowanzoitika uye kuvhara. Kururama kwaro uye hunhu husina kusimba hunoratidza kuzvipira kwedu kuhunyanzvi hwepamberi uye nehanya nemurwere.

Otitis media chirwere chepakati nzeve chinogona kuva chakaoma kana chisingaperi. Acute Otitis Media inooneka kamwe kamwe, kazhinji ichikonzera marwadzo nefivha, nepo chisingaperi Otitis Media ichiramba ichienderera, ichitungamira mukurasikirwa kwekunzwa. Isu tinopa marapirwo kubva kumishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kusvika pakuvhiyiwa kwezviitiko zvinoramba zvichiitika, kuve nechokwadi chekuzorora nekukurumidza uye kudzivirira kunzwa kwako. 

Sinusitis ndiko kuzvimba kwe sinus lining, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kutemwa nemusoro, kusangana kwemhino, uye kurwadziwa kwechiso. Isu tinopa kurapa kwakaenderana, kusanganisira mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya uye, kana zvichidikanwa, kuvhiyiwa kwe sinus, kuderedza zviratidzo uye kugadzirisa zvikonzero, kudzoreredza kwakajairika sinus basa uye kuwedzera hutano hwako hwese. 

Rhinitis ndiko kuzvimba kwenasal mucous membrane, kunokonzera kuhotsira, runny mhino, uye kusangana. Isu tinopa zvakasiyana-siyana zvekurapa uye mararamiro ekupindira kubata ese allergic uye asiri allergic rhinitis. Kurapa kunosanganisira antihistamines, decongestants, kana immunotherapy kupa zororo renguva refu uye kuvandudza hupenyu hwako. 

Tonsillitis uye adenoiditis mamiriro ezvinhu anosanganisira kuzvimba uye hutachiona hwematoni uye adenoids. Tinonyatsoongorora nyaya imwe neimwe kuti tione kana kurapwa kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kana kubviswa kwekuvhiya kunodiwa. Maitiro edu akazara anovimbisa zvese nekukurumidza kununurwa uye kudzivirira episodhi emangwana, zvichibatsira kuchengetedza hutano hwakakwana hwehuro.

Kumbotadza kufema kana munhu akarara chirwere chakakomba chinoratidzirwa nokudzokororwa kufema nguva nenguva pakurara. Isu tinopa ongororo dzakakwana uye dzakasiyana siyana dzekurapa sarudzo, kusanganisira CPAP kurapa, shanduko yemararamiro, kana kuvhiyiwa, kuve nechokwadi chekuti kufema kwako kunoramba kwakagadzikana paunenge wakarara, kuvandudza hutano hwako hwese uye kunaka kwekurara. 

Laryngitis ndiko kuzvimba kwevocal cords, izvo zvinotungamira kuhosha kana kurasikirwa kwezwi. Isu tinotarisa pakuziva zvikonzero zvelaryngitis, zvakadai sekushandisa zvakanyanya, hutachiona, kana zvinogumbura, uye kupa marapirwo kubva pakuzorora kwezwi kusvika kumushonga kana kurapwa, zvichibatsira kudzoreredza izwi rako uye hutano hwezwi. 

Pharyngitis, kana kurwadziwa kwehuro, inowanzoperekedzwa nezviratidzo-sekutonhora uye kazhinji ine hutachiona muhunhu. Isu tinopa zororo rechiratidzo uye kutonga kwehutachiona, uye kana hutachiona hwehutachiona senge strep throat hwakaonekwa, tinogona kupa mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kuti ive nechokwadi chekupora uye kuderedza kusagadzikana. 

Kurasika kwekunzwa kunogona kusiyana kubva kunyoro kusvika kune yakadzika uye kunogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya kutaurirana. Kuburikidza neyakaomesesa audiometric ongororo, isu tinopa akajairwa kupindira senge zvinoyamura kunzwa kana kuvhiyiwa, kugadzirisa imwe neimwe mhinduro kune yako yakasarudzika nhoroondo uye zvaunoda, kudzoreredza kugona kwako kunzwa uye kutaurirana zvinobudirira. 

Tinnitus maonero ekurira kana kurira munzeve pasina kunobva kunze. Isu tinocherekedza zvinokonzeresa uye nekupa zvirongwa zvekurapa zvemunhu, kusanganisira kurapa kwakanaka uye kugadzirisa mararamiro, kuderedza zviratidzo uye kugadzirisa hupenyu hwezuva nezuva. 

Kusagadzikana kwenzwi, uko kunogona kumuka kubva mukushungurudzwa kwezwi, mamiriro etsinga, kana kutapukirwa, kunokanganisa kugadzirwa kwezwi. Isu tinopa hutano hwakakwana, kusanganisira kurapa kwezwi uye kupindira kwekuvhiya pazvinenge zvichidikanwa, kugadzirisa kurapwa kunoenderana nekuoma kwechirwere kudzorera hutano hwakakwana hwezwi.

Audiometry ndiyo bvunzo yakakosha inoshandiswa kuongorora kugona kwekunzwa kune akasiyana ma frequency uye mavhoriyamu. Iyi nzira yekuongorora inotibatsira kuona rudzi uye kuoma kwekunzwa kurasikirwa, zvichiita kuti tigadzirise nzira dzekurapa dzakanangwa, kusanganisira zvinoyamura kunzwa kana kupindira mune zvekurapa zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa nemurwere wega wega. 

Laryngoscopy inobvumira kutarisa kwakananga kwehuro uye larynx, zvichibatsira kuongorora mamiriro akaita sehutachiona, kenza, kana kukanganiswa kwezwi. Nekushandisa chishandiso ichi nehunyanzvi, tinounganidza ruzivo rwakakosha kutungamira kuronga kwekurapa kunoshanda, kuve nechokwadi chekuti varwere vanowana tarisiro chaiyo uye nenguva inogoneka. 

CT uye MRI scans inopa yakadzama mifananidzo yemhino ndima, zvimiro zvenzeve, uye musoro nemutsipa matunhu. Aya maitiro ekufungidzira akakosha pakuongorora kwakaringana uye kuronga kuvhiyiwa kwakaoma, kuve nechokwadi chekuti takagadzirira zvakakwana kugadzirisa mamiriro emurwere wega wega uye kuendesa kurapwa kunoshanda. 

Tympanometry inoshandiswa kuongorora dhiramu renzeve uye kuona mamiriro epakati nzeve, senge fluid kuvaka-up kana hutachiona. Nekuongorora kudzvinyirirwa kwenzeve, tinounganidza data yakakosha kuzivisa kurapa kunoshanda, kutsigira kuchengetedzwa kwehutano hwenzeve uye kuvandudzwa kwebasa rekunzwa. 

Kuongororwa kweAllergy chinhu chakakosha chekuongorora chekutarisa chaiwo allergens anokanganisa hutano hweENT. Kuburikidza nekuongororwa kweganda kana ropa, tinonongedza zvinokonzeresa uye tinogadzira nzira dzekupindira dzakaenderana, kusanganisira kurudziro yekudzivisa, mishonga, kana immunotherapy, kuderedza zviratidzo uye kugadzirisa hutano hwakakwana. 

Zvidzidzo zvekurara, senge polysomnography, zvinoshandiswa kuongorora kusagadzikana kwekurara senge kufema kwehope. Izvi zvidzidzo zvakazara zvinoyera zvakasiyana-siyana zvemuviri paramita panguva yekurara, zvichiita kuti tikwanise kugadzira inoshanda, yakagadziridzwa zvirongwa zvekurapa zvinobatsira kuvandudza kunaka kwekurara uye hutano hwese zvabuda. 

Otoscopy inosanganisira kuongorora mugero wenzeve uye dhiramu renzeve kuona mamiriro akaita sehutachiona kana kuvakwa kwewakisi. Sechishandiso chakakosha chekuongorora, otoscopy inotipa nzwisiso inokurumidza muhutano hwenzeve, ichibatsira kutungamira kurapa kwakakodzera kuchengetedza kunzwa kutendeseka uye yakazara nzeve basa.