Molecular Pathology

Molecular Pathology imunda wepathology unoshandisa misimboti, matekiniki uye maturusi emolecular biology inova chishandiso chakakosha pakuita kwekurapa chaiko.

Myeloid neoplasms

• Acute Myeloid Leukemia.
• Myeloproliferative neoplasms.
• Myelodysplastic syndromes.
• Myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms.
• Myeloid/lymphoid neoplasms ine eosinophilia uye gene rearrangement.
• Mastocytosis.

Lymphoid neoplasms

• B-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma
• Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
• Plasma cell neoplasms
• High-giredhi B-cell lymphoma

Kushandisa tekinoroji dzakasiyana senge chaiyo-nguva PCR, Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), Fragment analysis uye Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) inobatsira kunyatso ratidza kusarongeka kwemajini kunokonzera chirwere.

• PCR inobvumira kukwidziridzwa kwezvidimbu zveDNA kufambisa kuonekwa. PCR inogona kushandiswa kutarisa dzimwe shanduko mujeni kana chromosome, iyo inogona kubatsira kuwana uye kuongorora genetic mamiriro kana chirwere, chakadai sekenza.
• Nguva chaiyo PCR inotanga neDNA/RNA template (yakatorwa kubva kumuenzaniso wevarwere) uye zvinangwa zvekufarira (semuenzaniso JAK2 mutation mu myeloproliferative neoplasms kana BCR-ABL fusion transcripts muCML) inowedzerwa kakapetwa miriyoni, iyo inogona kuonekwa munguva chaiyo uye yakashumwa zvine mutsindo (yakaonekwa/haina kuonekwa) kana kuwanda (eg makopi/ml).
• FISH - molecular cytogenetics nzira/rabhoritari nzira yekuona nekutsvaga chaiyo DNA kutevedzana pachromosome, Imo masampuli anogadziriswa kuti afambise kusungwa kwechinangwa cheDNA neprobe DNA yakanyorwa nefluorochrome, iyo inobvumira kunotevera kuonesa nefluorescence microscope.
• Kuongororwa kwechikamu: Mushure mekusimudzira chinangwa (yakajairika PCR), kupatsanurwa uye kuona kwezvimedu zvine fluorescently zvakanyorwa (DNA) zvichienderana nehukuru (semuenzaniso Microsatellite Instability).
• NGS (Next generation sequencing) - Inogonesa kuonekwa panguva imwe chete yekuongorora uye prognostically yakakodzera kuchinjwa kwemajini mumajeni akawanda ayo anotarirwa kurapwa anowanikwa. Iyo assay inotanga nekugadzirira raibhurari uye iyo inokonzeresa template inokwidziridzwa uye yakafumiswa iyo inoteedzana zvakare. Kushandurwa kweGenetic kunotsanangurwa pachishandiswa software inotengeswa inoibatanidza neapo akakodzera kurapwa, miedzo yekiriniki uye njodzi.

• Solid tumors:

  10ng yekuisa nucleic acid inoona zvinobatika zvinotangwa mukati me52 majini. Kana chinangwa chinoitwa chikaonekwa, kurapa kwakanangwa kunopihwa, uko kunonangana majini nemapuroteni anobatanidzwa mukukura uye kupona kwemaseru egomarara pasina kukanganisa maseru akajairwa. Inoshanda nekuvhara masaini ekukura akakosha mukuwanda kwemasero egomarara, inomhanyisa kuparadzwa kwayo uye zvakare inoderedza kugadzirwa kwetsinga dzeropa dzinodiwa kuti irarame. Mushonga uyu ucharebesa kurarama kwemurwere uye nekuvandudza mhedzisiro yemurwere. Inobatsira mukuongororwa kweakapfava matishu sarcomas pamwe nediki denderedzwa sero tumors nekuona hunhu hwe cytogenetic abnormality.

• Myeloid neoplasms:

  Kubva Panguva imwe chete inoona ese akakodzera genetic abnormalities mhiri 79 majini mune imwechete assay pane kutevedzana. Muedzo uyu unobatsira zvakanyanya pakuongororwa kwemyeloid neoplasms uye kupatsanurwa kwayo sekuenderana nekurudziro yekurudziro. Inopa ruzivo rwekufungidzira kuti murwere achada kurapwa kwakajairwa here kana yakakwira dose chemotherapy kana kuisirwa mwongo wemapfupa kuti apore zvachose. Inobatsirawo pakusarudza varwere kune vanonangwa kurapwa.

• Lymphoid neoplasms:

  Inobatsira munjodzi stratification uye inotungamira kurapwa.