Kwayoyin Halitta Pathology

Ilimin Halittu Fannin Ilimin Halittu Fage ne na Ilimin Halittu wanda ke amfani da ka'idoji, dabaru da kayan aikin ilimin halittar kwayoyin halitta wanda shine kayan aiki mai mahimmanci don aiwatar da ingantaccen magani.

Myeloid neoplasms

• Cutar sankarar bargo ta Myeloid.
• Myeloproliferative neoplasms.
• Myelodysplastic ciwo.
• Myelodysplastic / myeloproliferative neoplasms.
• Myeloid/lymphoid neoplasms tare da eosinophilia da sake tsara kwayoyin halitta.
• Mastocytosis.

Lymphoid neoplasms

• B-lymphoblastic cutar sankarar bargo/lymphoma
• Cutar sankarar bargo na kullum
• Plasma cell neoplasms
• Babban darajar B-cell lymphoma

Yin amfani da fasahohi daban-daban kamar PCR na ainihi, Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), Binciken Fragment da Sequencing Generation na gaba (NGS) yana taimakawa wajen kwatanta rashin daidaituwar kwayoyin halitta da ke haifar da cutar.

• PCR yana ba da damar haɓaka guntuwar DNA don sauƙaƙe ganowa. Ana iya amfani da PCR don nemo wasu canje-canje a cikin kwayar halitta ko chromosome, wanda zai iya taimakawa gano da gano yanayin kwayoyin halitta ko cuta, kamar kansa.
• PCR na ainihi yana farawa da samfurin DNA / RNA (wanda aka ciro daga samfurin haƙuri) da maƙasudin sha'awa (misali maye gurbin JAK2 a cikin myeloproliferative neoplasms ko BCR-ABL fusion transcripts a cikin CML) ana haɓaka sau miliyan da yawa, waɗanda za'a iya gano su a cikin ainihin lokaci kuma an ruwaito shi da inganci (gano/ba a gano shi ba) ko a ƙididdigewa (misali kwafi/ml).
• KIFI – Hanyar cytogenetics na kwayoyin halitta/dabarun dakin gwaje-gwaje don ganowa da gano takamaiman jerin DNA akan chromosome, Inda ake sarrafa samfuran don sauƙaƙe ɗaurin DNA ɗin da aka yi niyya tare da DNA binciken da aka yiwa lakabi da fluorochrome, wanda ke ba da damar hangen nesa na gaba ta microscope mai haske.
• Binciken juzu'i: Bayan haɓaka manufa (PCR na al'ada), rabuwa da hangen nesa na gutsuttsura masu lakabi (DNA) dangane da girman (misali Microsatellite Rashin kwanciyar hankali).
• NGS (Jerin tsara na gaba) - Yana ba da damar gano lokaci guda na sauye-sauyen ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin kwayoyin halitta da yawa waɗanda aka yi niyya don samun magani. Gwajin yana farawa tare da shirye-shiryen ɗakin karatu kuma samfurin da aka samu yana haɓakawa da haɓakawa waɗanda aka ƙara jera su. Ana ba da bayanin sauye-sauyen kwayoyin halitta ta hanyar amfani da software na kasuwanci wanda ke danganta shi da samuwan jiyya, gwaji na asibiti da haɗari.

• M ciwace-ciwace:

  10ng na shigar da acid nucleic yana gano maƙasudin aiki a cikin kwayoyin halitta 52. Idan an gano maƙasudin abin da za a iya aiwatarwa, ana ba da maganin da aka yi niyya, wanda ke nufin takamaiman kwayoyin halitta da sunadaran da ke da hannu cikin haɓakawa da rayuwan ƙwayoyin cutar kansa ba tare da shafar sel na yau da kullun ba. Yana aiki ta hanyar toshe siginar girma mai mahimmanci don yaduwar ƙwayoyin cutar kansa, yana hanzarta lalata shi kuma yana rage samar da sabbin hanyoyin jini da ake buƙata don rayuwa. Wannan maganin zai tsawaita rayuwar mai haƙuri kuma ya inganta sakamakon gaba ɗaya na mai haƙuri. Yana taimakawa wajen gano sarcomas nama mai laushi da kuma ƙananan ciwace-ciwacen ƙwayoyin cuta ta hanyar gano yanayin rashin daidaituwa na cytogenetic.

• Myeloid neoplasms:

  Daga lokaci guda yana gano duk abubuwan da suka dace na rashin daidaituwa na kwayoyin halitta a cikin kwayoyin halitta 79 a cikin gwaji guda maimakon a jere. Wannan gwajin yana da amfani sosai don ganewar asali na myeloid neoplasms da rarrabuwa kamar yadda shawarwarin jagora. Yana ba da bayanin tsinkaya game da ko majiyyaci zai buƙaci daidaitaccen magani ko babban maganin chemotherapy ko dashen kasusuwa don magani na dindindin. Hakanan yana taimakawa wajen zaɓar marasa lafiya don maganin da aka yi niyya.

• Lymphoid neoplasms:

  Taimaka cikin haɗarin haɗari kuma yana jagorantar jiyya.