Ukonakala kweArteriovenous (AVMs)

Ukonakala kweArteriovenous (AVMs)

Wamkelekile kwiwebhusayithi ye-APCC ye-neurosurgery, apho sikuchazela khona i-arteriovenous malformations (AVMs)-i-vascular anomaly enzima efuna ubuchule, ukuchaneka, kunye nendlela egxile kwisigulane. Siphonononga iimpawu zabo, ukuxilongwa, kunye nezicwangciso zonyango lwangoku.

Ukuqonda iiMpawu zeMithambo yeNgqondo (ii-AVM): Ii-AVM zeNgqondo ziingxaki ezingaqhelekanga zemithambo yegazi engqondweni, ezidibanisa imithambo ngqo kwimithambo ngaphandle kwenethiwekhi eqhelekileyo ye-capillary. Le meko ingahambelaniyo nesakhiwo ingakhokelela ekuhambeni kwegazi okungaqhelekanga, icaphukisa izicubu zobuchopho ezingqongileyo kwaye yonyuse umngcipheko wokopha.

Iimpawu kunye neeMbango zoMngcipheko: Ii-AVM zobuchopho zibonisa uluhlu olubanzi lweempawu:

• Yobungakanani: Ii-AVMs zinokwahluka ngobukhulu, ukusuka kwincinci kwaye ilungile ukuya enkulu kwaye inzima.
• Indawo: Banokuphuhla kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo yobuchopho, ibe nefuthe kwimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yemithambo-luvo.
• Umngcipheko Wokopha: Ii-AVM zinomngcipheko owongezelekayo wokopha ebuchotsheni, nto leyo enokukhokelela kwiziphumo ezibeka ubomi esichengeni.
• Ukuxhuzula: Ezinye ii-AVM ezikufutshane neendawo ezilawula iintshukumo, iimvakalelo, ulwimi lunokubangela ukuxhuzula ukususela ebuntwaneni.

Uxilongo noVavanyo: Uxilongo oluchanekileyo lwe-AVM yobuchopho lubalulekile kulawulo olusebenzayo. Iindlela zokuxilonga ziquka:

• I-MRI kunye ne-CT Scans: Ezi ndlela zokucinga zibonelela ngolwazi malunga nobukhulu, indawo, kunye neempawu ze-AVM, kubandakanywa nokuba bopha kwixesha elidlulileyo.
• I-Angiography: Le nkqubo yokujonga umfanekiso inika imifanekiso eneenkcukacha yemithambo yegazi, inceda ukuba ube nomfanekiso-ngqondweni wonxibelelwano olungaqhelekanga kwii-AVM, zeziphi imithambo eyondla i-AVM kwaye yeyiphi imithambo yegazi.

Amaqhinga Onyango Lwanamhlanje: Izicwangciso zonyango lwee-AVM zobuchopho zenzelwe imeko kunye neemfuno zesigulana ngasinye:

• Ukuhlinzwa: Ukususwa ngotyando (resection) ye-AVM kunokwenziwa, kodwa ukuba nokwenzeka kwayo kuxhomekeke kubungakanani, indawo, kunye nempilo yonke yesigulana.
• Unyango ngemitha: Amacebo afana ne-stereotactic radiosurgery ijolise kwi-AVM eneedosi eziphezulu zemitha yemitha, ebangela ukuba imikhumbi engaqhelekanga ihlaselwe yi-thrombosis okanye i-clotting kwaye ekugqibeleni ivaleke ngokuhamba kwexesha ngokwesiqhelo ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka emi-3. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuba ngeli xesha lokulinda iingozi zokopha okanye ukopha zihlala de i-AVM iphele ngokupheleleyo.
• Ukuqinisa: Ukutofa iglu kwimithambo yokutya ukuze kucinywe i-nidus ye-AVM ngamanye amaxesha kunyanga isigulane ngokukodwa kwii-AVM ezincinci.
• Unyango olulondolozayo: Kufunyaniswe ukuba izigulane ezine-AVMs ezinkulu kakhulu, ezinkulu kune-4-6 cm ngobukhulu, zihlala zihlala kwiindawo ezinobungozi zengqondo, azenzi kakuhle naluphi na unyango olusebenzayo. Ezi zigulana zihlala zixhuzula kuphela, ziyasebenza kwaye zinomngcipheko ophantsi wokopha entloko. Ke ngoko, ukubashiya bodwa kwaye banyange amayeza abo okuxhuzula ngaphandle kotyando okanye ngemitha mhlawumbi lelona cebo lilungileyo.

Ukhathalelo lweeNgcali ezininzi: Ulawulo lwee-AVM zobuchopho lufuna indlela ebandakanya iinkalo ezahlukeneyo:

• IiNeurosurgeons: Unobuchule bokwenza utyando kunye nokulungelelanisa izicwangciso zonyango.
• Iingcali zeNeuroradiologists ezingenelelayo: Iingcali kwiinkqubo ezingeyona invasive njengeembolization.
• Iingcali ze-Oncologists kwimitha: Qhagamshelana ngonyango lwemitha yokuvalwa kwe-AVM.
• Iingcali zemithambo-luvo: Ukubonelela ngovavanyo olubanzi lwemithambo-luvo kunye nolawulo.