ʻO ka molecular pathology

ʻO ka Molecular Pathology kahi kahua o ka pathology e hoʻohana ana i nā loina, nā ʻenehana a me nā mea hana o ka biology molecular he mea hana koʻikoʻi loa ia no ka hana ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau pololei.

Nā neoplasms Myeloid

• ʻO ka maʻi leukemia myeloid koʻikoʻi.
• Nā neoplasms myeloproliferative.
• Nā maʻi Myelodysplastic.
• Nā neoplasms myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative.
• ʻO nā neoplasms Myeloid/lymphoid me ka eosinophilia a me ka hoʻonohonoho hou ʻana o nā gene.
• ʻO ka mastocytosis.

Nā neoplasms lymphoid

• ʻO ka maʻi leukemia lymphoblastic B/lymphoma
• Leukemia lymphocytic kaola
• Nā neoplasms cell plasma
• ʻO ka lymphoma cell-B kiʻekiʻe

ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻenehana like ʻole e like me ka real-time PCR, Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), Fragment analysis a me Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) e kōkua i ka wehewehe pololei ʻana i ka abnormality genetic e hoʻokumu ai i ka maʻi.

• ʻAe ka PCR i ka hoʻonui ʻana o nā ʻāpana o ka DNA e maʻalahi ai ka ʻike ʻana. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka PCR e nānā i kekahi mau loli i loko o kahi gene a chromosome paha, hiki ke kōkua i ka ʻike ʻana a me ka nānā ʻana i kahi kūlana genetic a i ʻole kahi maʻi, e like me ke kanesa.
• Hoʻomaka ka PCR manawa maoli me ka DNA/RNA template (i unuhi ʻia mai ka hāpana maʻi) a me nā pahuhopu hoihoi (e laʻa me ka JAK2 mutation i nā neoplasms myeloproliferative a i ʻole nā ​​​​transcripts fusion BCR-ABL ma CML) e hoʻonui ʻia i nā miliona miliona mau manawa, hiki ke ʻike ʻia i ka manawa maoli a hōʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano qualitative (ʻike ʻia/ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia) a i ʻole quantitatively (e laʻa me nā kope/ml).
• ʻIʻa - ke ʻano hana cytogenetics molekala/ʻenehana hoʻokolohua no ka ʻike ʻana a me ka huli ʻana i kahi moʻo DNA kikoʻī ma kahi chromosome, kahi e hana ʻia ai nā laʻana e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ka DNA pahuhopu me ka DNA probe i lepili ʻia me ka fluorochrome, e ʻae ana i ka nānā ʻana ma hope e ka microscope fluorescence.
• Ka nānā ʻana i nā ʻāpana: Ma hope o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka pahuhopu (PCR maʻamau), ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana a me ka nānā ʻana i nā ʻāpana i hōʻailona ʻia me ka fluorescent (DNA) ma muli o ka nui (e laʻa me ka Microsatellite Instability).
• NGS (Ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o ka hanauna hou) - Hiki ke ʻike like i nā hoʻololi genetic pili i ka diagnostically a me ka prognostically i nā genes he nui no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia. Hoʻomaka ka assay me ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o ka waihona puke a ua hoʻonui ʻia ka template hopena ma ke ʻano clonally a hoʻonui ʻia i hoʻonohonoho hou ʻia. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia nā hoʻololi genetic me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā polokalamu i loaʻa ma ke kālepa e hoʻopili iā ia i ka lāʻau lapaʻau pili, nā hoʻokolohua lapaʻau a me ka pilikia.

• ʻO nā ʻōpū paʻa:

  ʻIke ka 10ng o ka waikawa nucleic i hoʻokomo ʻia i nā pahuhopu hana ma waena o 52 mau genes. Inā ʻike ʻia kahi pahuhopu hana, hāʻawi ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia, e kuhikuhi ana i nā genes kikoʻī a me nā protein e pili ana i ka ulu ʻana a me ke ola ʻana o nā cell cancer me ka ʻole o ka hoʻopilikia ʻana i nā cell maʻamau. Hana ia ma ke kāohi ʻana i nā hōʻailona ulu e pono ai no ka hoʻolaha ʻana o nā cell cancer, hoʻolalelale i kona luku ʻia a hoʻemi pū i ka hana ʻana o nā kīʻaha koko hou e pono ai no kona ola ʻana. E hoʻolōʻihi kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i ke ola o ka mea maʻi a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hopena holoʻokoʻa o ka mea maʻi. Kōkua i ka ʻike ʻana i nā sarcomas ʻiʻo palupalu a me nā puʻupuʻu cell poepoe liʻiliʻi ma ka ʻike ʻana i ka abnormality cytogenetic hiʻohiʻona.

• Nā neoplasms myeloid:

  Mai ka manawa like e ʻike ai i nā ʻano maʻi genetic āpau ma waena o 79 mau genes i loko o hoʻokahi assay ma mua o ke kaʻina hana. He mea pono loa kēia hoʻāʻo no ka ʻike ʻana i nā neoplasms myeloid a me kona hoʻokaʻawale ʻana e like me ke kuhikuhi ʻana o ke alakaʻi. Hāʻawi ia i ka ʻike prognostic e pili ana i ka mea e pono ai ka maʻi i ka lāʻau maʻamau a i ʻole ka chemotherapy kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole ka hoʻoili ʻana o ka iwi no ka ho'ōla mau loa. Kōkua pū ia i ke koho ʻana i nā maʻi no ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia.

• Nā neoplasms lymphoid:

  Kōkua i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā pilikia a alakaʻi i ka mālama ʻana.