Chii chinonzi Congenital Heart Defect? CHD Kuongororwa & Kurapa

Kana mwoyo wemwana uchida ruoko rwachiremba…

Kune 150,000-200,000 vana vanoberekwa gore negore vane congenital heart disease muIndia. Vazhinji vachafa vasina kuzivikanwa; vamwe vachaongororwa asi vobvumirwa kufa zvakadaro nekuda kwekushaikwa kwezvipatara zviri pedyo kana kutadza kuwana mari yekurapwa; uye vamwe vachasvika kuchipatara chakakodzera asi padanho ranonoka kuti vapindire. Mazhinji emhando yepamusoro nzvimbo dzekuvhiyiwa kwemoyo yevana anonangana chete mumaguta makuru akadai seChennai, New Delhi, Bengaluru, Cochin neHyderabad.

Congenital heart defects ndeye genetic uye dzimwe nguva inosanganiswa nekuremara mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzemuviri. Consanguinity (vabereki vane hukama kune mumwe nemumwe) uye kuratidzwa kune mamwe madhiragi, mavhairasi paX-ray panguva yekuzvitakura anogona kunge ari causative zvinhu. Chirwere chemoyo cheCongenital chinogona kuverengerwa zvakanyanya kuita acyanotic uye cyanotic congenital heart chirwere.

Acanotic Heart Zvirwere

Izvo zvinowanzoita acyanotic (kwete yebhuruu) mamiriro eAtrial Septal Defects (ASD), Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD), Patent Ducturs Arteriosus (PDA) uye Coarctation yeAorta.

Mwoyo wemunhu wakajairika une makamuri mana (4 atria uye 2 ventricles). ASD kutaurirana pakati pe 2 artria, VSD pakati pe 2 ventricles uye PDA kutaurirana pakati peaorta uye pulmonary artery. Coarctation kupfupika kwetsinga.

Mazhinji emamiriro ambotaurwa anogona kuwanikwa nyore nyore navanachiremba vane njere. Izvi zvinotevera zviratidzo (izvo vabereki / vana vanonyunyuta) uye zviratidzo (izvo chiremba anozivisa pakuongororwa), izvo zvingave zviripo:

• Kutadza kubudirira (ASD, VSD, PDA)
• Zvirwere zvinogara zvichiitika pasi pekufema
• Zviratidzo zvekukundikana kwemoyo (vana vane VSD yakakura uye / kana PDA), iyo mucheche inogona kuratidza kusadya kwakashata, kufema, nyore kuneta uye kudikitira zvakanyanya. Kazhinji ivo havasi bhuruu.

Mamwe mamiriro anoonekwa kana mwana ashanyira chiremba kune rimwe dambudziko. "Kugunun'una" inzwi rinonzwika ne stethoscope yakaiswa pachipfuva. Izvi zvinozivisa chiremba nezve mukana wekuti mwana ave nechirwere chemoyo. Hakusi kunyunyuta kwese kwakakomba asi kunofanirwa kuongororwa nevashandi vekurapa.

Mamwe mamiriro anogona kunge ari emajini uye anogarwa nhaka kana akabatana nematambudziko asiri emwoyo. Vana vanozvarwa vaine Down's syndrome vanova nechirwere chemoyo chakanyanya.

Cyanotic Heart Zvirwere

Muboka iri rezvirwere, nekuda kwekukanganisika kwemoyo, mazinga eokisijeni muropa haana kunaka uye saka, mwana anooneka bhuruu (cyanotic). Pane mamiriro akati wandei anokonzera izvi. Inonyanya kuzivikanwa ndeyeTetralogy yeFallot (kuyerera kweropa kumapapu kunovharidzirwa uye kune VSD yakakura iyo ropa rinobvumirwa kudarika mapapu pasina oxygenation) uye Transposition of the Great Arteries. Vana ava vanozvarwa vaine ruvara rwebhuruu (munwe, zvigunwe, miromo) kana kuva cyanotic pakutanga kwehupenyu. Vazhinji vachafa mugore rekutanga rehupenyu kana vakasasvika kunzvimbo dzakakosha munguva yekuvhiyiwa.

kuongorora chirwere

Vanachiremba vevana uye vana cardiologists vanowanzoona mwana kutanga uye kuongorora dambudziko remwoyo. Kuongororwa kwekliniki nachiremba kunomutungamirira kune chirwere. Ongororo dzekutanga dzakadai seX-ray yechipfuva uye ECG inosimbisa kuongororwa. Echocardiography (ultrasound yemoyo) inosimbisa kuongororwa muzviitiko zvakawanda. Izvi zvinopa data rakakwana kune cardiologist uye / kana chiremba wemwoyo kuti asarudze nezve kurapwa. Imwe data inogona kuwanikwa nekumwe kuongorora kwakadai se64-slice CT Angiogram, MRI yemwoyo, catheterization yemwoyo uye Angiography.

mabatiro

Maitiro ekurapa ndeaya:

• Medical
• Cardiological kupindira
• Kuvhiya kwemoyo

Nguva yekupindira inokosha. Mamiriro akaita seKutakurwa kweGreat Arteries anofanirwa kubatwa mumavhiki matatu ekutanga ehupenyu zvakanaka. Mamwe mamiriro akaita semaVSD akakura nemaPDA anogona kunge achifanirwa kuitwa mugore rekutanga rehupenyu, zviri nani mwedzi mitanhatu isati yasvika. Mamiriro akaita seASD anogona kugadziriswa pamakore 3 ezera. Vana vane Tetralogy yeFallot vangangoda kuvhiyiwa kwekutanga kana vakachinja zvakanyanya bhuruu.

Zvimwe zvekusawirirana zvinogona kurapwa pasina kuvhiyiwa - nenzira dzakarongwa nevepasi rose cardiologists. Havasi vese varwere vangave vakanakira izvi uye vazhinji vanozoda kuvhurika moyo kuvhiyiwa.

Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive nezve congenital heart disease uye kuigadzirisa kare sezvo muzviitiko zvakawanda mhedzisiro uye kufungidzira kunoenderana nekuti kupindira kuri kumwe panguva yakakodzera. Mamiriro ezvinhu akaita seVSD nePDA uye kunyange ASD kana isina kuvharwa (zvichida kuvhiyiwa, navana chiremba vemwoyo) zvinogona kupedzisira zvave kutyisa hupenyu. Vacheche vane chirwere chemoyo chinonzi cyanotic vanogona kufa nekushaya oxygenation yematishu. Kana ASD, VSD kana PDA isina kuvharwa nenguva, dzvinyiriro yeropa inoyerera ichienda kumapapu inogona kuva yakakwirira zvokuti mwana achanzi “haashandi” uye nokudaro anotongerwa rufu pakupedzisira. Vazhinji vachafa nekutadza kushanda kwemwoyo muucheche kana nehosha dzemapapu (pneumonia). Vana vane Coarctation yeAorta vanogona kuratidza kukwira kweropa uye kana izvi zvikasapindira panguva yekutanga vanozotambura nehupenyu hwese hypertension uye zvinodiwa nemishonga.

Vabereki - Ngwarira!

• Vana vose vari kuenda kuchikoro vanofanira kupota vachiongororwa utano hwavo. Avo vane zviratidzo uye zviratidzo zvechirwere chemwoyo vanofanira kuendeswa kune cardiologists kuti vawedzere kuongororwa.
• Vabereki vevana vane chirwere chemoyo chekuberekwa vanofanira kupiwa mazano zvakakwana pamusoro pekukosha kwekutevera nguva dzose uye kuisa vana kupindira kana kuvhiyiwa panguva yakakodzera.
• Mipiro inofanirwa kutsvagwa kumasangano kuti iwane mari yekuvhiya vana vasingakwanise.
• Kunyange zvazvo rheumatic heart disease isingaiti, inogona kudzivirirwa. Utachiona humwe chete hunokonzera kurwadziwa kwehuro hunogona kukonzera mhinduro inogona kukanganisa mwoyo wemwana uye kukuvadza mavharuvhu zvachose. Mwana wese ane huro huro anofanira kuongororwa nachiremba uye kurapwa zvakakodzera. Rheumatic fever inofanira kuonekwa uye kurapwa zvakasimba. Vana ava vanofanira kunge vari pamajekiseni epenicillin.

Isu paApollo takavakawo chikwata chevana vana chiremba vemwoyo, vana chiremba vemwoyo, vana anaestheists uye intensivists kubatsira mukuunza kurapwa kwemhando yepamusoro kuvana.

Chiremba anovhiya moyo anowana kugutsikana kukuru kana akabata mwoyo wemwana uye akaisa “gomba” kana kudzosera “pombi”. Zvinofadza kana vauya panguva yakakodzera yekuvhiyiwa, vanowana kurapwa kwemhando yepamusoro uye vorapwa. Vazhinji vachakwanisa kudzokera kuchikoro mumwedzi kana miviri, kutamba mitambo mukati memwedzi mitanhatu uye vachitarisira hupenyu hunogutsa, hunobudirira uye hwakajairika hunosanganisira kuroora uye kutanga mhuri yavo. Vamwe vacheche vanorwara vatakarapa havazivikanwi kana vauya kuongororo yavo yemwedzi wechitatu.