Best Endometriosis Doctors in Kolkata

Endometriosis is a chronic condition that occurs when tissue similar to the endometrium, the lining of the uterus, grows outside the uterus. It most commonly affects organs like the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and pelvic lining. While its exact cause remains unknown, it is believed to be influenced by retrograde menstruation, a process where menstrual blood and endometrial cells flow back through the fallopian tubes and implant themselves in pelvic organs.

In Kolkata, as in other parts of India, endometriosis is a common condition. Women experiencing unusual menstrual pain should seek consultation with the best doctors specialising in endometriosis. Apollo Hospitals Kolkata offers comprehensive care, with a team of skilled specialists in endometriosis and surgeons specialising in endometriosis. In the following sections, we will explore the stages of endometriosis, its symptoms, and the diagnostic tests used.

Types/Stages of Endometriosis

Endometriosis progression can be categorised into four stages based on various factors such as location, amount, depth, and size of the implants:

• Minimal: This stage involves superficial implants on the pelvic lining or ovaries,with minimal scar tissue.

• Mild: This stage involves additional implants on the pelvic lining and ovaries,with deeper implants and the potential for scarring.

• Moderate: In this stage, deep implants can be found on the uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, and pelvic lining,along with the presence of cysts and adhesions.

• Severe: This final stage is characterised by many deep implants on the pelvic lining and ovaries along with lesions on the fallopian tubes and bowels, and significant scar tissue.

Symptoms of Endometriosis

Endometriosis presents with a range of symptoms that may vary across individuals:

• Painful periods characterised by severe cramping

• Heavy or irregular menstrual bleeding

• Chronic pelvic pain, often in the lower abdomen or back

• Infertility issues

• Pain during intercourse

• Discomfort during bowel movements or urination

• Depression or anxiety

• Additional symptoms such as fatigue, diarrhoea, constipation, bloating, and nausea

Tests to Diagnose Endometriosis

Diagnosing endometriosis involves a series of tests performed by doctors specialising in endometriosis treatment :

• Detailed Medical History: Obtaining a detailed patient history is the first step in diagnosing this condition.

• Pelvic Exam: A physical examination is conducted to check for abnormalities, such as pelvic tenderness or palpable masses.

• Transvaginal Ultrasound: A probe is inserted into the vagina to visualise endometrial implants or cysts in the pelvis.

• MRI: MRI may be employed to provide a detailed view of the pelvic organs and tissues.

• Laparoscopy: This procedure is usually necessary for a definitive diagnosis. It allows a surgeon to examine the pelvic organs and take biopsies of suspicious tissue.

Treatment or Surgery Options for Endometriosis at Apollo Hospitals, Kolkata

The best specialists in endometriosis at Apollo Hospitals in Kolkata offer a range of treatment options for endometriosis:

• Pain Medications: NSAIDs or acetaminophen are commonly used to manage the pain associated with endometriosis.

• Hormonal Therapies: Birth control pills, progestins, and GnRH (gonadotropin-releasing hormone) agonists can help suppress oestrogen and menstrual cycles, reducing the growth of endometrial tissue.

• Conservative Surgery: This involves the removal of endometrial implants and adhesions while preserving fertility.

• Assisted Reproductive Technologies: Techniques like IUI (Intrauterine insemination) or IVF (In-vitro fertilisation) can be employed to address infertility caused by endometriosis.

• Hysterectomy with Ovary Removal: In severe cases and when other treatments fail, hysterectomy with removal of the ovaries might be considered.